1. Institute of Structural Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China 2. Zhejiang Electric Power Transmission & Transformation Corporation, Hangzhou 310016, China
Based on the high-frequency force-balance wind tunnel test, the aerodynamic force coefficients of the crane structure were obtained under different wind direction angles and positions of double flat arms. Several finite element models of crane structure with double flat arms were established corresponding to typical working conditions of crane structure during the whole construction process. Wind-induced dynamic response analysis was carried out in time domain and the gust response factors of the crane structure were calculated under various working conditions and different wind directions. The calculated gust response factors were compared with the values derived from the design code of high-rise structures. Results show that the calculated gust response factors based on time history analysis for the body of crane structure exhibit more complicated behavior along the height than ones from the design code. Compared to the time history analysis, the design code overestimates the gust response factors for the top cantilever part of the crane structure, which is above the first guylines. Considering the most critical wind conditions, the gust response factor is calculated as 3.05 under 0 degree wind while the gust response factors of 2.24 (x-direction) and 2.28 (y-direction) are obtained for two orthogonal directions under 45 degree wind.
Fig.1Construction of transmission tower and crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.2Wind tunnel model of crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.3Wind direction angle and position of double flat arms for wind tunnel test
平臂姿态
$\theta $/（°）
0°
0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°、90°；
22.5°
22.5°、37.5°、52.5°、67.5°、82.5°、97.5°、112.5°；
45°
45°、60°、75°、90°、105°、120°、135°
Tab.1Wind direction angles for wind tunnel test
Fig.4Aerodynamic force coefficients of standard section of crane structure
$\theta $/（°）
μs
误差/%
风洞试验
文献[18]
0
2.41
2.31
?4.15
45
2.80
2.81
0.36
90
2.16
2.31
6.94
Tab.2Comparisons of aerodynamic force coefficients for standard section of crane structure
平臂姿态
$\theta $/（°）
Cx
误差/%
Cy
误差/%
文献[18]
风洞试验
文献[18]
风洞试验
0°
0
2.23
2.26
?1.33
0
?0.03
0°
45.0
1.71
1.89
?9.52
1.56
1.68
?7.14
0°
90.0
0
0.23
1.90
1.72
10.47
22.5°
22.5
2.07
2.13
?2.82
0.92
1.04
?11.54
22.5°
67.5
0.93
1.02
?8.82
1.83
2.26
?19.03
22.5°
112.5
?0.79
?0.53
49.06
1.76
1.81
2.76
45°
45.0
1.79
1.58
13.29
1.79
1.90
?5.79
45°
90.0
0.11
0.17
?35.29
2.02
2.24
?9.82
45°
135.0
?1.55
?1.14
35.96
1.55
1.41
9.93
Tab.3Comparisons of aerodynamic force coefficients for complete crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.5Typical working conditions of crane structure during tower construction
Fig.6Wind loading positions of crane structure
Fig.7Time histories of wind force at top standard section of crane structure under zero degree wind
Fig.8Time histories of wind force on double flat arms and top part of crane structure under zero degree wind
Fig.9Finite element model of guyed crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.10Natural vibration frequency of four working conditions of guyed crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.11First three vibration formation of fourth working condition of guyed crane structure with double flat arms
Fig.12Time history displacements at key location of crane structure under 45° wind angle
Z/m
β1
β2
0°
45°x向
45°y向
0°
45°x向
45°y向
364.7
1.41
1.36
1.32
1.37
1.01
1.02
370.8
1.51
1.46
1.47
1.21
1.06
1.02
376.9
1.74
1.60
1.60
1.71
1.13
1.14
383
2.20
1.82
1.80
2.02
1.37
1.34
389
2.42
2.03
2.00
2.29
1.61
1.69
396.2
2.62
2.23
2.26
2.62
1.81
1.82
403.4
2.85
2.35
2.36
2.84
2.15
2.01
410.5
2.92
2.46
2.50
2.89
2.18
2.05
417.8
2.99
2.51
2.52
2.92
2.18
2.11
424.8
3.08
2.56
2.60
2.95
2.20
2.21
432.2
3.17
2.62
2.67
3.05
2.24
2.28
Tab.4Comparisons of gust response factors of crane structure for case four
Fig.13Comparisons of gust response factors of crane structure under four working conditions and 0° wind angle
Fig.14Comparisons of gust response factors of crane structure under four working conditions and 45° wind angle
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