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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (3): 590-597    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.03.018
土木工程、水利工程     
雨水口泄流对城市洪涝影响的数学模型
高帅领1(),夏军强1,*(),董柏良1,周美蓉1,侯精明2
1. 武汉大学 水资源与水电工程科学国家重点实验室，湖北 武汉 430072
2. 西安理工大学 西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室，陕西 西安 710048
Mathematical model for urban flooding with effect of drainage of street inlets
Shuai-ling GAO1(),Jun-qiang XIA1,*(),Bo-liang DONG1,Mei-rong ZHOU1,Jing-ming HOU2
1. State Key Laboratory of Water Resource and Hydropower Engineering Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Eco-Hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an 710048, China
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摘要：

为了研究雨水口泄流对城市洪涝的影响，建立包含雨水口泄流计算模块的平面二维水动力学模型. 采用典型街区结构的水槽试验数据对模型进行率定和验证，超过85%的测点纳什效率系数大于0.77. 将模型应用到英国Glasgow的城市街区，采用综合流速公式和孔流堰流公式计算的排水总量最大差值占总水量的26.5%，前者考虑侧支管对雨水口泄流能力的限制作用，更符合实际情况. 与不考虑雨水口泄流相比，采用综合流速公式计算雨水口泄流后，最大淹没范围减少29.4 %，主干道上最大积水水深减小0.395 m，最大积水水深处的洪水波到达时间延后100 s.
关键词： 城市洪涝;  数值模拟;  水动力学模型;  雨水口;  泄流公式    
Abstract:

A two-dimensional hydrodynamic model including the discharge calculation module of street inlets was established, in order to study the effect of drainage of street inlets on urban flooding. The model was calibrated and verified by the flume test data with typical block structure. The Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient of most gauging points (over 85% of the points) was above 0.77. The model was applied to an urban street block in Glasgow, UK, and the maximum difference of the total drainage volume of street inlets calculated by the integrated velocity formula and the orifice-weir flow formula account for 26.5% of the total water volume. The former, considering the limiting effect of the side branch pipe on the discharge capacity of street inlets, is more in line with the actual situation. Compared with the case without street inlets draining, the calculation results which applied the integrated velocity formula show that the maximum water depth on the main road and the maximum submergence range is reduced by 0.395 m and 29.4% respectively, and the arrival time of the flood wave at the maximum water depth is delayed by 100 s.
Key words: urban flood    numerical simulation    hydrodynamic model    street inlet    discharge formula
收稿日期: 2021-03-29 出版日期: 2022-03-29
CLC:  TV 131.4  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(41890823)；牛顿高级学者基金资助项目(NSFC52061130219+NAF\R11156)
通讯作者: 夏军强     E-mail: gaoshuailing@whu.edu.cn;xiajq@whu.edu.cn
作者简介: 高帅领（1997—），男，硕士生，从事城市洪涝研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-6708-155X. E-mail： gaoshuailing@whu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

高帅领,夏军强,董柏良,周美蓉,侯精明. 雨水口泄流对城市洪涝影响的数学模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(3): 590-597.

Shuai-ling GAO,Jun-qiang XIA,Bo-liang DONG,Mei-rong ZHOU,Jing-ming HOU. Mathematical model for urban flooding with effect of drainage of street inlets. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(3): 590-597.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.03.018    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I3/590

图 1  平箅式雨水口泄流能力
图 2  洪水演进模型布置平面示意图
图 3  各测站计算和实测水深比较
图 4  不同雨水口泄流公式模拟地表水深、雨水口下泄流量和排水总量
图 5  英国Glasgow市一街区雨水口添加位置及数量[20]
图 6  有无雨水口泄流时各监测点处的水深比较
图 7  有无雨水口泄流时易涝点处的流速比较
图 8  有无雨水口泄流0~2 h最大淹没范围及水深
状态 Smax S0.5 S1
m2
无雨水口 79 784 72 156 7 628
式（5）计算雨水口泄流 56 360 55 416 944
表 1  有无雨水口泄流0~2 h淹没面积变化
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