Cavitation control of centrifugal pump based on gap jet principle

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.015

Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)

2020, Vol. 54

Issue (9): 1785-1794 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.015

Cavitation control of centrifugal pump based on gap jet principle

Wei-guo ZHAO1,2(

),Jia-jia LU1,2,Fu-rong ZHAO1,2

1. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2. Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and System, Lanzhou 730050, China

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Abstract

A passive control method with slot on the blade was proposed, and the cavitation suppression effect and control mechanism of the structure were explored, in order to improve the cavitation flow state in low specific speed centrifugal pump. The restraining effect of the structure on cavitation was explored by numerical simulation method. The modified SST k-ω turbulence model and Kubota cavitation model were used to calculate the steady and unsteady flow on the original impeller and the modified impeller, respectively, to obtain the flow field structure and pressure pulsation characteristic of two impeller forms in each cavitation stage under the design conditions. The calculation results show that the high-pressure fluid flowing to the back of the blade through the gap in the modified impeller increases the pressure on the back of the blade, which has inhibitory effect on initial cavitation, the development of cavitation and the intense stage of cavitation. Especially for the intense stage of cavitation, the cavity volume fraction decreased by 60.6% compared with the original model. the main frequency amplitude of the pressure pulsation in the liquid region of the modified impeller decreased at each cavitation stage, compared with that of the original impeller.

Key words： low specific speed centrifugal pump cavitation suppression gap jet numerical simulation

Received: 14 August 2019 Published: 22 September 2020

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Cite this article:

Wei-guo ZHAO,Jia-jia LU,Fu-rong ZHAO. Cavitation control of centrifugal pump based on gap jet principle. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(9): 1785-1794.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.015 OR http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2020/V54/I9/1785

基于缝隙射流原理的离心泵空化控制研究

为了改善低比转速离心泵内的空化流动状态，提出一种在叶片上设置缝隙的被动控制方法，探究该结构对空化的抑制效果及其控制机理. 采用数值模拟方法探讨结构对空化的抑制. 采用修正的SST k-ω湍流模型和Kubota空化模型，对原始叶轮和改型叶轮分别进行定常及非定常数值计算，获得设计工况下2种叶轮形式在各个空化阶段的流场结构及压力脉动特性. 计算结果表明：改型叶轮中经缝隙流向叶片背面的高压流体提高了叶片背面的压力，对空化初生、空化发展及空化剧烈阶段均产生了抑制作用，特别是空化剧烈阶段，与原始叶轮相比，其空泡体积分数减少了60.6%；与原始叶轮相比，改型叶轮内液相区的压力脉动主频幅值在各个空化阶段均有所下降.

关键词： 低比转速离心泵, 空化抑制, 缝隙射流, 数值模拟

Fig.1 Modified function of turbulent viscosity

Tab.1 Geometric parameters of single stage single suction model pump

Fig.2 Diagram for geometric model of original model and location parameters of jet hole

Fig.3 Grid of calculation domains and y⁺ of blade surface

Tab.2 Grid independence check of calculation domains

Fig.4 Diagram of centrifugal pump visualization experiment platform

Fig.5 Comparisons between simulated results and experimental results of original impeller

Fig.6 Comparison of external characteristics between original impeller and modified impeller

Fig.7 Comparison of cavitation performance between original impeller and modified impeller

Fig.8 Comparison of cavitation volume fraction between original impeller and modified impeller in one impeller rotation cycle

Fig.9 Absolute pressure distribution in cross section of original impeller and modified impeller

Fig.10 Volume fraction and streamline distribution of cross section of original impeller and modified impeller

Fig.11 Cross section velocity vectorgraph distribution of original impeller and modified impeller with cavitation number of 0.13

Fig.12 Cross section velocity contour distribution of original impeller and modified impeller with cavitation number of 0.13

Fig.13 Turbulence kinetic energy distribution of cross section of original impeller and modified impeller

Fig.14 Layout of section monitoring points in cross section of impeller

Fig.15 Main frequency amplitude distribution of pressure fluctuation at monitoring points in original impeller and modified impeller


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