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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (8): 1618-1627    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.08.009
机械工程、能源工程     
循环流化床锅炉节能减碳运行调控及工程验证
李钦武1,2,3(),俞李斌1,3,刘庭宇2,张京旭2,翁卫国4,郑政杰2,王韬2,王海2,郑成航1,3,*(),高翔1,3
1. 浙江大学 能源高效清洁利用全国重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310027
2. 浙江浩普环保工程有限公司，浙江 杭州 310012
3. 浙江大学 碳中和研究院，浙江 杭州 310027
4. 浙江大学 嘉兴研究院，浙江 嘉兴 314001
Energy-saving and carbon-reducing operation control and engineering verification of circulating fluidized bed boiler
Qinwu LI1,2,3(),Libin YU1,3,Tingyu LIU2,Jingxu ZHANG2,Weiguo WEN4,Zhengjie ZHENG2,Tao WANG2,Hai WANG2,Chenghang ZHENG1,3,*(),Xiang GAO1,3
1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. Zhejiang Hope Environmental Protection Engineering Limited Company, Hangzhou 310012, China
3. Institute of Carbon Neutrality, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
4. Jiaxing Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314001, China
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摘要：

构建基于烟气中氧气体积分数及炉膛出口压力的锅炉运行协同控制模型，可以实时、准确地预测烟气中氧气体积分数的变化趋势，提前给定锅炉二次风机和引风机控制指令，显著减小了不同负荷条件下锅炉烟气中氧气体积分数、负压等关键运行参数的波动. 在300 t/h循环流化床锅炉上的工业验证结果表明：利用协同控制模型可以提高锅炉运行控制的品质，锅炉变负荷工况条件下烟气中氧气体积分数控制在目标值±0.25%范围内，炉膛出口压力控制在目标值±45 Pa范围内的统计概率为99%. 运行一周的统计结果表明，相比于原有控制，协同控制模型投运后单位产汽量耗煤可以减小1.508%，单位产汽量风机耗电可以减少1.886%.
关键词： 氧气体积分数;  协同控制模型;  炉膛出口压力;  节能减碳    
Abstract:

A cooperative control model based on volume fraction of oxygen in flue gas and furnace outlet pressure was established in order to accurately predict the trend of real-time volume fraction of oxygen and provide control instructions for the secondary air fan and induced draft fan of the boiler in advance. Then the fluctuation of key operating parameters such as volume fraction of oxygen and furnace outlet pressure of the boiler was significantly reduced under different load conditions. The industrial validation results on a 300 t/h circulating fluidized bed boiler show that the cooperative control model can improve the quality of boiler operation and control. The statistical probability that the volume fraction of oxygen was controlled within the target value of ±0.25%, and the furnace outlet pressure was controlled within the target value of ±45 Pa under varying load conditions was 99%. The statistical results of one week’s operation showed that the cooperative control model could reduce coal consumption per unit of steam production by 1.508%, and fan power consumption per unit of steam production by 1.886% compared with the original control.
Key words: volume fraction of oxygen    cooperative control model    furnace outlet pressure    energy saving and carbon reduction
收稿日期: 2023-12-27 出版日期: 2024-07-23
CLC:  X 51  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（42341208）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（2022ZJJH02-03）.
通讯作者: 郑成航     E-mail: 727180194@qq.com;zhengch2003@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 李钦武（1981—），男，博士生，高级工程师，从事烟气污染控制工艺及其智能化技术的研究. orcid.org/0009-0000-2786-0076. E-mail：727180194@qq.com
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李钦武
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郑政杰
王韬
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郑成航
高翔

引用本文:

李钦武,俞李斌,刘庭宇,张京旭,翁卫国,郑政杰,王韬,王海,郑成航,高翔. 循环流化床锅炉节能减碳运行调控及工程验证[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(8): 1618-1627.

Qinwu LI,Libin YU,Tingyu LIU,Jingxu ZHANG,Weiguo WEN,Zhengjie ZHENG,Tao WANG,Hai WANG,Chenghang ZHENG,Xiang GAO. Energy-saving and carbon-reducing operation control and engineering verification of circulating fluidized bed boiler. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(8): 1618-1627.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.08.009    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I8/1618

自变量因变量
一次风机频率烟气中氧气体积分数
二次风机频率炉膛出口压力
总给煤量—
引风机频率—
表 1  协同控制模型的相关运行变量
图 1  Catboost模型中相关变量的特征重要性
图 2  协同控制模型的示意图
图 3  烟气中氧气体积分数实测值与预测值的对比
图 4  协同控制模型与原有控制的实际运行效果对比
图 5  协同控制模型和原有控制的长时间实际运行效果对比
控制方法$ q_m $/(t·h?1)$ Q_{\text{m}} $/(t·h?1)$ P_{\text{F}} $/kW$ P_{\text{S}} $/kW$ P_{\text{ID}} $/kW$ C_{\text{coal}} $$ E_{\text{power}} $/(kW·h·t?1)
原有控制191.525.40415.95129.79396.670.132 64.921 2
PSO寻优的协同控制184.824.40404.88115.52381.930.132 04.882 7
WOA寻优的协同控制188.924.67413.13114.41384.540.130 64.828 4
表 2  协同控制模型的周运行数据节能分析
项目原有控制PSO寻优的协同控制WOA寻优的协同控制
给煤量电耗量给煤量电耗量给煤量电耗量
长期均值25.00 t/h940.00 kW24.89 t/h932.65 kW24.62 t/h922.27 kW
年总耗量1.5000×105 t5.64×106 kW·h1.4934×105 t5.60×106 kW·h1.4772×105 t5.53×106 kW·h
标煤折算量1.0714×105 t—1.0667×105 t—1.0551×105 t—
标煤单价1000 元/t0.5 元/(kW·h)1000 元/t0.5 元/(kW·h)1000 元/t0.5 元/(kW·h)
年运行成本10714万元282 万元10667 万元280 万元10551 万元277 万元
年二氧化碳排放质量2.9681×105 t3.22×103 t2.9548×105 t3.19×103 t2.9226×105 t3.15×103 t
成本合计10996万元10947万元10828万元
碳排放合计3.0003×105 t2.9867×105 t2.9541×105 t
表 3  协同控制模型投运的效益推算
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