|
|
|
| Water imbibition in concrete in-situ traced by transmission X-ray radiography |
Xiao-hu WANG( ),Ni-du JIKE,Shan CHEN,Yu-xuan QI,Yu PENG,Qiang ZENG*() |
| College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China |
|
|
|
Abstract Concrete slices with the thickness of 1 mm were fabricated in order to characterize the two-dimensional (2D) water transport process. Transmission X-ray radiography (TXR) was combined with scanning electron microscopy/back-scattered electron/energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/BSE/EDS) to in-situ trace water imbibitions in the two-dimensional concrete slices. CsCl solutions at different mass fractions were tested to explore the enhancements in contrast of the TXR images. Results show that CsCl can improve the contrast of the TXR images when the concrete slices were partially saturated with the CsCl solutions, which makes the imbibition paths and fronts in the concrete clearly visible. The contrast of the BSE images was enhanced due to the absorption of CsCl in the cement paste. The EDS results of the Cs distributions at different sites of the concrete testified the accuracy of the imbibition fronts detected by TXR.
|
|
Received: 01 April 2020
Published: 07 May 2021
|
|
|
| Fund: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51878602) |
|
Corresponding Authors:
Qiang ZENG
E-mail: 21712176@zju.edu.cn;cengq14@zju.edu.cn
|
X射线透射成像技术原位追踪混凝土吸水过程
为了表征二维混凝土的传输过程，制备厚度为1 mm的混凝土薄片. 采用X射线透射成像（TXR）技术，联合扫描电镜、背散射和能谱分析技术（SEM/BSE/EDS）原位追踪水在2维混凝土薄片中的毛细自吸过程. 测试不同质量分数CsCl溶液对X射线透射图像的增强效果. 结果表明，CsCl能够提高吸水过程中混凝土薄片的TXR图像对比度，使得水在混凝土中的渗流路径更清晰、可辨. 水泥浆体在吸收CsCl后，扫描电子背散射图像的对比度显著增强. 不同位置铯原子的EDS能谱结果验证了TXR技术确定吸水前锋位置的准确性.
关键词：
X射线透射成像,
混凝土,
吸水,
扫描电镜(SEM)/能谱(EDS)
|
|
| [1] |
ABYANEH S D, WONG H S, BUENFELD N R Computational investigation of capillary absorption in concrete using a three-dimensional mesoscale approach[J]. Computational Materials Science, 2014, 87: 54- 64
doi: 10.1016/j.commatsci.2014.01.058
|
|
|
| [2] |
OESCH T, WEISE F, MEINEL D, et al Quantitative in-situ analysis of water transport in concrete completed using X-ray computed tomography[J]. Transport in Porous Media, 2019, 127 (2): 371- 389
doi: 10.1007/s11242-018-1197-9
|
|
|
| [3] |
DESMETTRE C, CHARRON J P Water permeability of reinforced concrete with and without fiber subjected to static and constant tensile loading[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2012, 42 (7): 945- 952
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2012.03.014
|
|
|
| [4] |
SONG H, KWON S Permeability characteristics of carbonated concrete considering capillary pore structure[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2007, 37 (6): 909- 915
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2007.03.011
|
|
|
| [5] |
MCCARTER W J, ALASWAD G, SURYANTO B Transient moisture profiles in cover-zone concrete during water absorption[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2018, 108: 167- 171
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.04.001
|
|
|
| [6] |
PLOOY R D, VILLAIN G, LOPES S P, et al Electromagnetic non-destructive evaluation techniques for the monitoring of water and chloride ingress into concrete: a comparative study[J]. Materials and Structures, 2015, 48 (1/2): 369- 386
doi: 10.1617/s11527-013-0189-z
|
|
|
| [7] |
NIZOVTSEV M I, STANKUS S V, STERLYAGOV A N, et al Determination of moisture diffusivity in porous materials using gamma-method[J]. International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 2008, 51 (17/18): 4161- 4167
|
|
|
| [8] |
ZHANG Peng, WITTMANN F H, LURA P, et al Application of neutron imaging to investigate fundamental aspects of durability of cement-based materials: a review[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2018, 108: 152- 166
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2018.03.003
|
|
|
| [9] |
张鹏, 赵铁军, WITTMANN F H, 等 开裂混凝土中水分侵入过程的可视化追踪及其特征分析[J]. 硅酸盐学报, 2010, 38 (4): 117- 123
ZHANG Peng, ZHAO Tie-jun, WITTMANN F H, et al Visualization tracing and characteristic analysis of Water invasion into cracked concrete[J]. Journal of the Chinese Ceramic Society, 2010, 38 (4): 117- 123
|
|
|
| [10] |
ZHOU Chun-sheng, REN Fan-zhou, ZENG Qiang, et al Pore-size resolved water vapor adsorption kinetics of white cement mortars as viewed from proton NMR relaxation[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2018, 105: 31- 43
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2017.12.002
|
|
|
| [11] |
YANG Lin, ZHANG Yun-sheng, LIU Zhi-yong, et al In-situ tracking of water transport in cement paste using X-ray computed tomography combined with CsCl enhancing[J]. Materials Letters, 2015, 160: 381- 383
doi: 10.1016/j.matlet.2015.08.011
|
|
|
| [12] |
YANG Lin, GAO Dan-yin, ZHANG Yun-sheng, et al Study on water and chloride transport in cracked mortar using X-ray CT, gravimetric method and natural immersion method[J]. Construction and Building Materials, 2018, 176: 652- 664
doi: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.094
|
|
|
| [13] |
BEDE A, SCURTU A, ARDELEAN I NMR relaxation of molecules confined inside the cement paste pores under partially saturated conditions[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2016, 89: 56- 62
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2016.07.012
|
|
|
| [14] |
CHOTARD T J, BONCOEUR-MARTEL M P, SMITH A, et al Application of X-ray computed tomography to characterize the early hydration of calcium aluminate cement[J]. Cement and Concrete Composites, 2003, 25 (1): 145- 152
doi: 10.1016/S0958-9465(01)00063-4
|
|
|
| [15] |
FAN Shuai, LI Mo X-ray computed microtomography of three-dimensional microcracks and self-healing in engineered cementitious composites[J]. Smart Materials and Structures, 2015, 24 (1): 015021
doi: 10.1088/0964-1726/24/1/015021
|
|
|
| [16] |
BOONE M A, KOCK T D, BULTREYST, et al 3D mapping of water in oolithic limestone at atmospheric and vacuum saturation using X-ray micro-CT differential imaging[J]. Materials Characterization, 2014, 97: 150- 160
doi: 10.1016/j.matchar.2014.09.010
|
|
|
| [17] |
ZENG Qiang, LIN Zhen, ZHOU Chun-sheng, et al Capillary imbibition of ethanol in cement paste traced by X-ray computed tomography with CsCl-enhancing technique[J]. Chemical Physics Letters, 2019, 726: 117- 123
doi: 10.1016/j.cplett.2019.04.022
|
|
|
| [18] |
董必钦, 郭邦文, 刘昱清, 等 水泥净浆水分传输过程可视化表征与定量分析[J]. 深圳大学学报: 理工版, 2018, 149 (3): 69- 75
DONG Bi-qin, GUO Bang-wen, LIU Yu-qing, et al Visualization and quantitative analysis of water transport evolution in cementitious materials[J]. Journal of Shenzhen University: Science and Engineering, 2018, 149 (3): 69- 75
|
|
|
| [19] |
LEITE M B, MONTEIRO P J Microstructural analysis of recycled concrete using X-ray microtomography[J]. Cement and Concrete Research, 2016, 81: 38- 48
doi: 10.1016/j.cemconres.2015.11.010
|
|
|
| [20] |
HALL C, HOFF W D. Water transport in brick, stone and concrete [M]. 2nd ed. [S. l.]: CRC press, 2012: 41–46.
|
|
|
|
Viewed |
|
|
|
Full text
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
|
Cited |
|
|
|
|
| |
Shared |
|
|
|
|
| |
Discussed |
|
|
|
|
