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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2026, Vol. 60 Issue (5): 1037-1046    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.05.013
机械工程     
磁流变液阻尼器控制下的水电机组参数敏感性分析
张凯文1,2(),王雪妮1,2,马震岳3,张金剑3,张雷克1,2,*(),陈丽俊4
1. 太原理工大学 水利科学与工程学院，山西 太原 030024
2. 流域水资源协同利用山西省重点实验室，山西 太原 030024
3. 大连理工大学 建设工程学院，辽宁 大连 116024
4. 长安大学 公路学院，陕西 西安 710064
Sensitivity analysis of hydroelectric unit parameters controlled by magnetorheological fluid dampers
Kaiwen ZHANG1,2(),Xueni WANG1,2,zhenyue MA3,Jinjian ZHANG3,Leike ZHANG1,2,*(),Lijun CHEN4
1. College of Hydro Science and Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China
2. Shanxi Key Laboratory of Collaborative Utilization of River Basin Water Resources, Taiyuan 030024, China
3. School of Infrastructure Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
4. Highway School, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China
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摘要：

针对贯流式水轮发电机组轴系复杂振动问题，构建基于磁流变液阻尼器(MRD)控制的转子-轴承-转轮系统碰摩动力学模型. 采用Sobol指数分析法，以转子在X和Y方向的振幅为目标函数，对系统阻尼、刚度、电磁等机组参数进行敏感性分析. 结果表明，大轴抗弯刚度对转子X方向振幅影响最大，当大轴抗弯刚度大于1.38×109 N·m2时，转子X方向的振动幅值显著降低，运动状态趋于稳定；定转子平均气隙对Y方向振幅影响最大，当定转子平均气隙从1 mm增加到2 mm时，系统振幅持续增大，当定转子平均气隙超过1.73 mm时，系统呈现非稳态运动形式. 通过数值分析确定参数的敏感性区间，构建提升参数优化效率和准确性的分析路径.
关键词： 灯泡贯流式机组;  振动控制;  磁流变液阻尼器;  敏感性分析;  参数优化    
Abstract:

A rubbing dynamic model of a rotor-bearing-runner system with magnetorheological fluid damper (MRD) control was developed to address the complex shafting vibration issues in a bulb turbine generator unit. Using Sobol index analysis, a sensitivity analysis of unit parameters such as system damping, stiffness, and electromagnetic factors was conducted, with the rotor vibration amplitudes in the X and Y directions as the objective functions. Results showed that the shaft bending stiffness exerted the greatest influence on the rotor vibration amplitude in the X direction. When the bending stiffness exceeded 1.38×109 N·m2, the vibration amplitude in the X direction decreased significantly and the motion state tended to be stabilize. The average air gap between the stator and rotor had the most significant impact on the Y direction amplitude. As the average air gap increased from 1 mm to 2 mm, the system amplitude rose continuously. When the average air gap exceeded 1.73 mm, the system exhibited an unstable motion pattern. Sensitive intervals of the parameters were determined through numerical analysis, establishing an analytical pathway to enhance the efficiency and accuracy of parameter optimization.
Key words: bulb turbine generator unit    vibration control    magnetorheological fluid damper    sensitivity analysis    parameter optimization
收稿日期: 2025-06-17 出版日期: 2026-05-06
CLC:  TH 213  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52379091）；山西省基础研究计划青年项目（202203021222112）.
通讯作者: 张雷克     E-mail: zkw20010303@163.com;zhangleike@tyut.edu.cn
作者简介: 张凯文（2001—），男，硕士生，从事水轮发电机组动力学研究. orcid.org/0009-0006-0964-3151. E-mail：zkw20010303@163.com
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引用本文:

张凯文,王雪妮,马震岳,张金剑,张雷克,陈丽俊. 磁流变液阻尼器控制下的水电机组参数敏感性分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2026, 60(5): 1037-1046.

Kaiwen ZHANG,Xueni WANG,zhenyue MA,Jinjian ZHANG,Leike ZHANG,Lijun CHEN. Sensitivity analysis of hydroelectric unit parameters controlled by magnetorheological fluid dampers. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2026, 60(5): 1037-1046.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.05.013    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2026/V60/I5/1037

图 1  加装磁流变液阻尼器的灯泡贯流式机组剖面示意图
图 2  转子-轴承-转轮系统结构简化示意图
参数数值参数数值
σ0/(N·mV?1)8.0×105σb/(N·s·mV?1)5.1×105
σ1/(N·s·m?1)1.6×103U/V1.75
σ2/(N·s·m?1)2.0×105a0/(V·N?1)3.0×10?3
σa/(N·m?1)4.0×105——
表 1  磁流变液阻尼器模型参数取值
图 3  转轮叶尖碰摩力示意图
参数取值范围
转子质量偏心e01/mm0.5~1.5
转轮质量偏心e02/mm0.5~1.5
转子阻尼c1/(N·s·m?1)0.5×105~1.5×105
转轮阻尼c2/(N·s·m?1)1.0×105~2.0×105
组合轴承阻尼c3/(N·s·m?1)0.5×105~1.5×105
水导轴承阻尼c4/(N·s·m?1)0.5×105~1.5×105
大轴抗弯刚度ke/(N·m2)0.6×109~1.6×109
组合轴承刚度k3/(N·m?1)0.6×109~1.6×109
水导轴承刚度k4/(N·m?1)0.6×109~1.6×109
转子碰摩刚度kr1/(N·m?1)0.6×109~1.6×109
转轮碰摩刚度kr2/(N·m?1)0.5×109~1.5×109
定转子平均气隙δ0/mm1.0~2.0
励磁电流If/A200~1 000
表 2  水力发电机组轴系参数及取值范围
图 4  考虑磁流变液阻尼器模型前后的转子X方向振动时域图(ω=26 rad/s)
图 5  水力发电机组轴承参数在转子X方向上的敏感性排序
图 6  考虑参数交互作用前后的定转子平均气隙敏感性占比
图 7  以大轴抗弯刚度为控制参数的转子X方向位移分岔图
图 8  转子X方向位移的时域仿真图
图 9  水力发电机组轴系参数在转子Y方向上的敏感性排序
图 10  考虑参数交互作用前后的水导轴承刚度敏感性占比
图 11  以定转子平均气隙为控制参数的转子Y方向位移分岔图
图 12  转子Y方向位移的时域仿真图
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