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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (5): 954-962    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.05.013
机械工程     
退役机械零部件多维递阶再制造性评价方法
张秀芬1,2,3(),高云飞1
1. 内蒙古工业大学 机械工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
2. 浙江大学 机械工程学院,浙江 杭州 310027
3. 康力电梯股份有限公司,江苏 苏州 215213
Multi-dimensional hierarchical remanufacturability evaluation method for end-of-life mechanical parts
Xiu-fen ZHANG1,2,3(),Yun-fei GAO1
1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
2. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
3. Canny Elevator Co. Ltd, Suzhou 215213, China
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摘要:

针对再制造性评价忽略回收环节、出售环节、政策环境、社会环境等影响及其多指标造成的复杂性和耦合性的问题,提出多维递阶再制造性评价模型和方法. 通过分析退役机械零部件再制造系统任务流,提取22个影响因子,以技术、经济和环境为关键效能指标体系构建退役机械零部件多维递阶再制造性评估模型. 针对指标难以量化的问题,提出基于模糊评价法的指标量化方法,利用结构熵权法计算指标权重,以兼顾主客观性,并应用OAT法进行敏感性分析. 提出基于分段加权秩和比法的退役机械零部件再制造性分段递阶综合评价法以克服多指标造成的复杂性和耦合性问题. 以帕萨特B5发动机为例,对汽缸体、缸盖、曲轴、连杆等主要零部件进行再制造性优劣排序和分档,结果显示连杆的再制造性最佳,缸盖的再制造性最差,与实际分析结果基本一致,验证了所提方法的有效性和可行性.

关键词: 退役机械零部件再制造性评价秩和比敏感性分析    
Abstract:

A multi-dimensional hierarchical remanufacturability evaluation model and method was proposed to solve the problems of ignoring the influence of recycling, selling, policy environment and social environment as well as the complexity and coupling caused by multiple indexes in existing remanufacturability evaluation methods. By analyzing the task flow of end-of-life product remanufacturing system, 22 influence factors were extracted, and then a multi-dimensional hierarchical remanufacturing evaluation model was constructed with technology, economy and environment as key efficiency indexes. An index quantification method based on expert fuzzy evaluation method was proposed to simplify the difficulty of index quantification. The index weight was calculated by using the structural entropy weight method, in order to take both subjective and objective factors into account, and sensitivity analysis was carried out by using OAT (One-At-a-Time) method. A piecewise hierarchical comprehensive remanufacturability evaluation method of end-of-life mechanical parts was proposed based on piecewise weighted rank sum ratio, in order to overcome the complexity and coupling problems caused by multiple indexes. The case study of the main parts of the Passat B5 engine such as cylinder block, cylinder head, crankshaft, connecting rod, shows that the remanufacturability of connecting rod is the best and that of cylinder head is the worst, which verifies the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

Key words: end-of-life mechanical parts    remanufacturability    evaluation    rank-sum ratio    sensitivity analysis
收稿日期: 2019-04-09 出版日期: 2020-05-05
CLC:  TH 17  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51565044,51965049);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2017MS(LH)0510);内蒙古自治区高等学校青年科技英才支持计划资助项目(NJYT-17-B08)
作者简介: 张秀芬(1981—),女,教授,博士,从事再制造设计与评价研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-354x. E-mail: xxff_6188@163.com
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引用本文:

张秀芬,高云飞. 退役机械零部件多维递阶再制造性评价方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(5): 954-962.

Xiu-fen ZHANG,Yun-fei GAO. Multi-dimensional hierarchical remanufacturability evaluation method for end-of-life mechanical parts. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(5): 954-962.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.05.013        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I5/954

图 1  退役机械零部件再制造系统任务流分析
图 2  退役机械零部件再制造性评估模型
图 3  分段递阶综合评价法
图 4  帕萨特B5发动机主要零部件
评估对象 sij RSR1
t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 t6 t7 t8
A 5 1 2 1 1 5 2 2 2.402
B 4 2 1 3 3 4 1 1 2.409
C 2 4 5 4 5 2 4 5 3.862
D 1 5 4 2 2 1 5 4 2.965
E 3 3 3 5 4 3 3 3 3.362
表 1  机械零部件技术指标组编秩结果和加权秩和比
评估对象 sij RSR2
e1 e2 e3 e4 e5 e6 e7
A 4 3 1 2 1 1 3 2.107
B 3 2 3 1 2 2 5 2.764
C 2 5 4 5 5 5 1 3.730
D 1 4 2 3 3 3 2 2.607
E 5 1 5 4 4 3 4 3.620
表 2  机械零部件经济指标组编秩结果和加权秩和比
评估对象 sij RSR3
c1 c2 c3 c4 c5 c6 c7
A 4 1 4 1 1 4 3 2.609
B 5 3 5 4 3 5 5 4.294
C 1 5 1 5 5 1 1 2.704
D 2 4 2 2 2 2 2 2.304
E 3 2 3 3 4 3 4 3.089
表 3  机械零部件环境指标组编秩结果和加权秩和比
评估对象 tij RSR
技术 经济 环境
A 1 1 2 1.203
B 2 3 5 3.008
C 5 5 3 4.594
D 3 2 1 2.195
E 4 4 4 4.000
表 4  帕萨特B5主要零部件总指标组编秩结果和加权秩和比
图 5  指标权重绝对平均变化率结果
评估对象 RSR f f R $\bar R$ pi P
A 1.203 1 1 1 1 0.20 4.16
D 2.195 1 2 2 2 0.40 4.75
B 3.008 1 3 3 3 0.60 5.25
E 4.000 1 4 4 4 0.80 5.84
C 4.594 1 5 5 5 0.95 6.64
表 5  机械零部件概率单位计算结果及秩和比分布
等级 P RSRfit范围 RSRfit 分档
再制造性优秀 ≥6.5 ≥4.642 4.838 C
再制造性良好 [5.0,6.5) [2.540,4.642) 3.717
2.890
E
B
再制造性合格 [3.5,5.0) [0.439,2.540) 2.190
1.363
D
A
不可再制造 <3.5 <0.439 ? ?
表 6  机械零部件再制造可行性等级划分
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