不同产地商品山楂干的品质差异分析

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.04.041

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2024, Vol. 50

Issue (1): 86-97 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.04.041

食品科学

不同产地商品山楂干的品质差异分析

舒西盼^1,^2,³(

),柴子淇^1,^2,³,李鲜^3,⁴,孙崇德^3,⁴,田金虎^1,^2,⁵,叶兴乾^1,^2,^4,⁵(

)

^1.浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院，浙江杭州 310058
^2.浙江大学新农村发展研究院，浙江杭州 310058
^3.浙江大学农业与生物技术学院，浙江杭州 310058
^4.浙江大学山东（临沂）现代农业研究院，山东临沂 276000
^5.浙江大学中原研究院，河南郑州 450000

Quality difference analysis of commercial dried hawthorn fruits from different producing areas

Xipan SHU^1,^2,³(

),Ziqi CHAI^1,^2,³,Xian LI^3,⁴,Chongde SUN^3,⁴,Jinhu TIAN^1,^2,⁵,Xingqian YE^1,^2,^4,⁵(

)

^1.College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^2.The Rural Development Academy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^3.College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^4.Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China
^5.Zhejiang University Zhongyuan Institute, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China

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摘要：

本研究以10种不同产地的商品山楂干［包括7种普通山楂（商品名“北山楂”）、2种台湾林檎（商品名“广山楂”）和1种野山楂（商品名“南山楂”）］为研究对象，测定其主要营养成分和生化指标，并在此基础上对山楂进行品质差异分析和主成分分析。结果表明：在3类商品山楂干中，北山楂的可滴定酸含量最高，广山楂的糖酸比最高，而可溶性膳食纤维、α-生育酚和β-胡萝卜素含量排序均为北山楂＞南山楂＞广山楂。主成分分析结果表明，湖北黄冈的‘野山楂’和天津蓟州的‘铁山楂’在主要活性成分（总酚、总黄酮、总原花青素、总膳食纤维）含量方面整体表现较优；山东临沂的‘大金星’和河南新乡的‘豫北红’等北山楂在可滴定酸、可溶性膳食纤维和可溶性糖含量方面相较于南山楂和广山楂综合表现更优。本研究系统梳理了我国不同产区主要种类商品山楂干的品质差异，可为我国山楂资源的多元化开发利用提供数据支撑。

关键词： 山楂; 品质; 营养组成; 多酚; 主成分分析

Abstract:

Taking ten kinds of commercial dried hawthorn fruits [seven kinds of Crataegus pinnatifida Bge. or C. pinnatifida Bge. var. major N.E.Br. (with the trade name “Beishanzha”), two kinds of Malus doumeri (Bois) Chev. (with the trade name “Guangshanzha”) and one kind of C. cuneata Sieb. et Zucc. (with the trade name “Nanshanzha”)] from different producing areas of China as research materials, the contents of main nutrients and biochemical indexes were determined, and the quality difference analysis and principal component analysis were carried out. The results showed that among the three types of commercial dried hawthorn fruits, Beishanzha had the highest titratable acid content, while Guangshanzha had the highest ratio of soluble sugar to titratable acid. The contents of soluble dietary fiber, α-tocopherol and β-carotene decreased in the order of Beishanzha, Nanshanzha and Guangshanzha. The results of principal component analysis indicated that ‘Yeshanzha’ from Huanggang of Hubei Province and ‘Tieshanzha’ from Jizhou of Tianjin City showed the best overall performance in the contents of main active components (total phenolics, total flavonoids, total procyanidins and total dietary fiber); Beishanzha, especially ‘Dajinxing’ from Linyi of Shandong Province and ‘Yubeihong’ from Xinxiang of Henan Province, had greater contents of titratable acid, soluble dietary fiber and soluble sugar compared with Guangshanzha and Nanshanzha. This study systematically sorted out the quality differences of commercial dried hawthorn fruits from different areas in China, and the results can provide data to support the diversified development and utilization of Chinese commercial hawthorn resources.

Key words: hawthorn quality nutritional components polyphenols principal component analysis

收稿日期: 2023-04-04 出版日期: 2024-03-01

CLC:

S661.5

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(31901616);浙江省自然科学基金项目(LY22C200007);2022年度山东省重点扶持区域引进急需紧缺人才项目“特色果蔬功能性罐头研制及产业化”(2022JQRC)

通讯作者: 叶兴乾 E-mail: 22016152@zju.edu.cn;psu@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 舒西盼（https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2321-7075），E-mail：22016152@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

舒西盼,柴子淇,李鲜,孙崇德,田金虎,叶兴乾. 不同产地商品山楂干的品质差异分析[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2024, 50(1): 86-97.

Xipan SHU,Ziqi CHAI,Xian LI,Chongde SUN,Jinhu TIAN,Xingqian YE. Quality difference analysis of commercial dried hawthorn fruits from different producing areas. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2024, 50(1): 86-97.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.04.041 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2024/V50/I1/86

表 1 10种商品山楂干的相关信息

表 2 10种商品山楂干的基本组分含量 (%)

表3 10种商品山楂干的糖酸指标

表4 10种商品山楂干的颜色参数

表5 10种商品山楂干的主要活性成分含量

表6 10种商品山楂干的微量营养成分含量 (mg/kg)

表7 主成分分析的特征值、方差贡献率及累计贡献率

图1 主成分因子载荷矩阵热图图例表示颜色与图中数据（载荷系数或公因子方差）的对应关系。

表8 10种商品山楂干的主成分因子得分

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