挥发性有机化合物对桃果实采后褐腐病控制及感官品质的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.03.011

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2024, Vol. 50

Issue (1): 75-85 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.03.011

食品科学

挥发性有机化合物对桃果实采后褐腐病控制及感官品质的影响

李志昊¹(

),林斯茵¹,高颖¹,杨灿¹,蒋丹¹,张波^1,²(

)

^1.浙江大学农业与生物技术学院果实品质生物学实验室/浙江省园艺植物整合生物学研究与应用重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310058
^2.浙江大学山东(临沂)现代农业研究院, 山东临沂 276000

Effects of volatile organic compounds on postharvest brown rot control and sensory quality of peach fruit

Zhihao LI¹(

),Siyin LIN¹,Ying GAO¹,Can YANG¹,Dan JIANG¹,Bo ZHANG^1,²(

)

^1.Laboratory of Fruit Quality Biology/Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Integrative Biology of Horticultural Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^2.Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi 276000, Shandong, China

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摘要：

桃果实在采后贮藏物流过程中易受到果生链核盘菌（Monilinia fructicola）的侵染，导致褐腐病发生和果实品质劣变，有关的挥发性有机化合物（volatile organic compounds, VOCs）对褐腐病的调控效果尚不清楚。本研究分析了成熟桃果实中主要VOCs对果生链核盘菌的抑菌效果，结果表明，香芹酚、反-2-己烯醛等12种VOCs可以显著抑制病原菌在培养基上的生长。进一步开展上述12种VOCs对桃果实采后褐腐病的调控效应研究，结果表明，采用VOCs熏蒸处理可以有效抑制果生链核盘菌的生长，延缓褐腐病发生，其中挥发性醛类物质对果实品质的保持效果较好。采用25 μL/L反-2-己烯醛熏蒸处理可以显著抑制果生链核盘菌生长，减轻褐腐病症状，同时不影响果实外观、乙烯释放速率、硬度、总可溶性固形物含量和感官品质指标，有效维持桃果实在采后贮藏过程中的商品性。综上所述，反-2-己烯醛具有开发为植物源抑菌剂的潜力，可为桃果实供应链提供品质保障。

关键词： 挥发性有机化合物; 抑菌活性; 桃果实; 褐腐病; 果生链核盘菌

Abstract:

Peach fruit is susceptible to Monilinia fructicola during storage and logistics, leading to occurrence of brown rot and fruit quality deterioration. However, the regulatory effects of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on brown rot remain unclear. This study analyzed the antifungal effects of major VOCs in ripe peach fruit on M. fructicola. The results showed that 12 VOCs involving carvacrol and (E)-2-hexenal were identified to have significant inhibitory effects on the growth of M. fructicola on media. Further research was conducted on the regulatory effects of 12 VOCs on postharvest brown rot of peach fruit. The results showed that the fumigation treatment with VOCs could effectively inhibit the growth of M. fructicola and delay the occurrence of brown rot. Among them, volatile aldehydes exhibited positive effects on maintaining fruit quality. Fumigation with 25 μL/L (E)-2-hexenal significantly inhibited the growth of M. fructicola and reduced brown rot symptoms in peach fruit. Meanwhile, the fruit appearance, ethylene release rate, hardness, total soluble solid content and sensory quality indicators were not affected, therefore maintaining the merchant ability of peach fruit during the postharvest storage. In summary, (E)-2-hexenal has the potential to be developed as a plant-based fungicide, offering quality assurance for the peach fruit supply chain.

Key words: volatile organic compounds antifungal activity peach fruit brown rot Monilinia fructicola

收稿日期: 2023-03-01 出版日期: 2024-03-01

CLC:

TS255.3

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD2100101);浙江大学山东（临沂）现代农业研究院服务地方经济发展项目(ZDNY-2021-FWLY01008)

通讯作者: 张波 E-mail: zh-li@zju.edu.cn;bozhang@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 李志昊（https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4082-1108），E-mail：zh-li@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

李志昊,林斯茵,高颖,杨灿,蒋丹,张波. 挥发性有机化合物对桃果实采后褐腐病控制及感官品质的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2024, 50(1): 75-85.

Zhihao LI,Siyin LIN,Ying GAO,Can YANG,Dan JIANG,Bo ZHANG. Effects of volatile organic compounds on postharvest brown rot control and sensory quality of peach fruit. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2024, 50(1): 75-85.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.03.011 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2024/V50/I1/75

图1 1 000 μL/L VOCs对果生链核盘菌的体外抑菌效果CK：0.9%生理盐水（下同）；1：芳樟醇；2：柠檬烯；3：香芹酚；4：己醇；5：反-2-己烯醇；6：反-3-己烯醇；7：顺-3-己烯醇；8：辛醇；9：己醛；10：反-2-己烯醛；11：壬醛；12：反-2-壬烯醛；13：乙酸己酯；14：γ-己内酯；15：γ-癸内酯。

表1 1 000 μL/L VOCs对果生链核盘菌菌丝的抑制效果

表2 VOCs抑制果生链核盘菌生长的EC50值

图2 VOCs熏蒸处理对采后贮藏桃果实褐腐病的影响

图3 VOCs熏蒸处理对采后贮藏桃果实上果生链核盘菌菌斑直径的影响图中不同小写字母表示相同时间下不同浓度间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。

图4 25 μL/L VOCs对采后贮藏桃果实褐腐病的影响A.接种果生链核盘菌的桃果实；B.菌斑直径。图中不同小写字母表示相同时间下不同处理间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。

图5 25 μL/L VOCs对采后贮藏桃果实外观品质的影响

图6 25 μL/L VOCs对采后贮藏桃果实品质指标的影响A.乙烯释放速率；B.硬度；C. TSS含量；D.基于电子鼻的感官品质分析。

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