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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2021, Vol. 47 Issue (3): 347-353    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.09.171
园艺学     
不同整枝方式对樱桃番茄果实商品性、营养品质及产量的影响
王慧茹(),闫思华,高艳明(),李建设
宁夏大学农学院，银川 750021
Effects of different pruning patterns on fruit commodity, nutritional quality and yield of cherry tomato
Huiru WANG(),Sihua YAN,Yanming GAO(),Jianshe LI
College of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
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摘要：

以樱桃番茄‘香妃3号’为试验材料，设置单杆（T1）、双杆（T2）、三杆（T3）、四杆（T4）、五杆（T5）5种整枝方式，调查果实表型性状和生育期，测定其营养品质和最终产量，并结合主成分分析、方差分析等统计学方法，揭示整枝方式对樱桃番茄果实商品性、营养品质、生育期和产量的影响。结果表明：整枝方式对樱桃番茄商品性的影响显著，五杆整枝处理的商品性综合得分高于其他处理，其果实维生素C含量显著高于其他处理，蔗糖含量较其他处理均有不同程度的提高，产量最高且与单杆整枝差异显著，达5 789.85 kg/667 m2。说明五杆整枝更有利于樱桃番茄果实商品性的改善、营养品质成分的积累和产量的提高。
关键词： 整枝方式;  樱桃番茄;  商品性;  营养品质;  生育期;  产量    
Abstract:

This study aims to research the influence of various pruning patterns to fruit commodity, nutritional quality, growth period and yield of cherry tomato. We selected Solanum lycopersicum cv. ‘Xiangfei3’ as the experimental material, set up five pruning patterns (T1, one-bar; T2, two-bar; T3, three-bar; T4, four-bar; T5, five-bar), investigated its phenotypic traits and growth period, measured its nutritional quality and yield, and used principal component analysis, analysis of variance and other statistical methods for data analysis. The results indicated that the effect of pruning patterns on the commodity of cherry tomato was significant, and the comprehensive score of commodity of five-bar pruning treatment was higher than the other treatments. The content of vitamin C in the five-bar pruning was significantly higher than the other treatments, and the sucrose content increased with different degrees compared with the other treatments. At the same time, the yield of five-bar pruning treatment was the highest (5 789.85 kg/667 m2), which was significantly different from that under the one-bar pruning treatment. It can be seen that five-bar pruning is more conducive to improve fruit commodity, accumulate nutritional quality ingredients and increase yield of cherry tomato.
Key words: pruning patterns    cherry tomato    commodity    nutritional quality    growth period    yield
收稿日期: 2020-09-17 出版日期: 2021-06-25
CLC:  S 641.2  
基金资助: 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划(2019BBF02008);宁夏瓜菜产业技术协同创新中心专项(2017DC55)
通讯作者: 高艳明     E-mail: 1784710409@qq.com;myangao@163.com
作者简介: 王慧茹（https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8007-0276），E-mail：1784710409@qq.com
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王慧茹
闫思华
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李建设

引用本文:

王慧茹,闫思华,高艳明,李建设. 不同整枝方式对樱桃番茄果实商品性、营养品质及产量的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2021, 47(3): 347-353.

Huiru WANG,Sihua YAN,Yanming GAO,Jianshe LI. Effects of different pruning patterns on fruit commodity, nutritional quality and yield of cherry tomato. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2021, 47(3): 347-353.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.09.171    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2021/V47/I3/347

图1  樱桃番茄不同整枝方式示意图T1：单杆整枝；T2：双杆整枝；T3：三杆整枝；T4：四杆整枝；T5：五杆整枝。

性状

Trait

主成分 Principal component得分系数 Score coefficient
123123
单果质量 Mass per fruit (x1)0.98－0.140.000.399 0－0.074 0－0.002 3
L (x2)0.030.030.860.013 50.018 40.658 6
a (x3)0.890.200.000.365 10.105 80.000 8
b (x4)0.960.180.210.391 30.096 60.157 2
果柄大小 Peduncle size (x5)0.470.520.700.192 20.280 70.537 3
横径 Transverse diameter (x6)0.93－0.31－0.150.380 7－0.167 9－0.110 7
纵径 Longitudinal diameter (x7)0.730.670.030.298 90.363 80.019 1
果形指数 Fruit shape index (x8)－0.700.680.17－0.285 40.367 10.130 5
果梗洼木栓化大小 Suberification size of pedicel scar (x9)0.800.46－0.390.325 90.250 5－0.294 6
硬度 Hardness (x10)0.33－0.790.390.136 2－0.423 70.295 3
果肉厚度 Flesh thickness (x11)0.150.89－0.250.061 30.482 6－0.192 3
可溶性固形物含量 Soluble solid content (x12)0.66－0.65－0.150.271 1－0.349 2－0.114 5
特征值 Eigen value5.983.421.72
贡献率 Contribution rate/%49.8528.5214.31
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution rate/%49.8578.3792.68
表1  果实商品性相关性状的主成分及其得分系数矩阵

整枝方式

Pruning pattern

F1F2F3F

排名

Ranking

T13.979 0－1.279 9－0.347 10.640 22
T2－1.332 2－0.989 31.000 00.264 84
T3－2.255 3－1.663 5－0.026 80.088 25
T4－0.959 81.446 7－1.980 10.345 43
T50.568 32.486 11.354 00.705 91
表2  果实商品性的综合评价

整枝方式

Pruning pattern

VC/

(mg/kg)

硝酸盐

Nitrate/

(mg/kg)

可溶性糖

Soluble

sugar/%

糖酸比

Sugar to

acid ratio

果糖

Fructose/

(mg/g)

蔗糖

Sucrose/

(mg/g)

葡萄糖

Glucose/

(mg/g)

T12.50±0.90b101.63±5.38a8.64±0.63d18.88±1.97d0.99±0.24c1.71±0.15a15.58±0.98a
T22.34±0.15b87.78±16.73a11.36±0.81bc27.05±2.56bc3.61±0.11a1.11±0.09b16.13±0.99a
T32.44±0.27b88.90±4.62a9.27±0.47cd21.75±1.31cd2.81±0.17ab1.39±0.04b16.96±0.68a
T42.34±0.62b105.67±5.69a14.25±0.23a37.62±1.62a1.81±0.50bc1.31±0.04b15.79±0.57a
T52.73±0.22a78.41±8.69a12.08±0.99b32.33±3.45ab2.53±0.64ab1.78±0.07a17.46±0.54a
表3  不同整枝方式对樱桃番茄果实品质的影响

整枝方式

Pruning

pattern

定植期

Planting

date

始花期

First

flowering

date

始收期

First

harvesting

date

末收期

Last

harvesting

date

定植-始花期

Planting-first

flowering

period/d

始花-始收期

First flowering-first

harvesting

period/d

始收-末收期

First harvesting-

last harvesting

period/d

全生育期

Whole

growth

period/d

T103-0903-2705-0506-29183955112
T203-0903-2905-1106-30204350113
T303-0903-3105-1307-02224350115
T403-0904-0305-1707-05254449118
T503-0904-0805-1907-07304149120
表4  不同整枝方式对樱桃番茄生育期的影响

整枝方式

Pruning pattern

小区平均产量

Average yield

of plot/kg

667 m2产量

Yield per 667 m2/(kg/667 m2)

T168.95±1.48b4 788.61±106.06b
T280.78±3.14a5 609.98±218.15a
T380.76±1.92a5 608.73±133.51a
T481.75±1.90a5 677.48±131.91a
T583.37±2.08a5 789.85±144.79a
表5  不同整枝方式对樱桃番茄产量的影响
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