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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (4): 628-637    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.04.003
机械与能源工程     
换挡工况下湿式换挡离合器变胞机理
符升平1(),李胜波1,罗宁1,Roman Nikolaevich Polyakov2
1. 厦门理工学院 机械与汽车工程学院，福建 厦门 361024
2. 奥廖尔国立大学，俄罗斯 奥廖尔州 302026
Metamorphic mechanism of wet shift clutch ingear shifting process
Sheng-ping FU1(),Sheng-bo LI1,Ning LUO1,Polyakov Roman Nikolaevich2
1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361024, China
2. Orel State University Named after I.S. Turgenev, Orel State 302026, Russia
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摘要：

针对目前难以全面描述湿式换挡离合器变结构、非定常和非数值的变拓扑工作过程的问题，基于湿式换挡离合器工作特性的分析，定义摩擦对偶片各构态的约束函数，建立摩擦对偶片变胞器，提出湿式换挡离合器变胞的图形描述方法. 采用矩阵分析法，以约束函数为元素，推导离合器各构态的邻接矩阵，解析相邻构态转换时对应的变胞函数和变胞方程，构建湿式换挡离合器工作的变胞拓扑模型，揭示换挡离合器工作状态转换的变胞机理. 基于变胞机理分析，提出更直观和简便的离合器动力学建模方法，通过对比分析离合器转速变化规律的试验和仿真结果，表明该方法的准确性和可行性.
关键词： 湿式换挡离合器;  变胞机理;  约束函数;  摩擦对偶片;  变胞方程    
Abstract:

It is difficult to comprehensively describe the work process of wet shift clutch, which is of variable topology, non-constant and nonnumeric. Each configuration constraint function of friction dual discs was defined based on the characteristics analysis of wet shift clutch work process in order to solve the problem. The cell-variator of friction dual discs was constructed. A graph description method was proposed to demonstrate the metamorphic process of wet shift clutch. The matrix analysis method was adopted to deduce the adjacent matrix of each work configuration. The matrix element was the constraint function of friction dual discs. The corresponding metamorphic functions and metamorphic matrixes of adjacent configurations transformation were resolved. The metamorphic topology model of the clutch work process was constructed. The metamorphic mechanics of clutch work process was revealed. A more convenient and direct method of dynamics modeling method was proposed aiming at wet shift clutch based on metamorphic mechanics analysis. The test and simulation results of clutch speed variation curves were comparatively discussed. The accuracy and feasibility of the modeling method were verified.
Key words: wet shift clutch    metamorphic mechanism    constraint function    friction dual discs    metamorphic equation
收稿日期: 2018-03-22 出版日期: 2019-03-28
CLC:  U 463  
作者简介: 符升平（1983—），男，副教授，博士，从事车辆传动系统动力学研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-3776-4165. E-mail： 2013110803@xmut.edu.cn
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符升平
李胜波
罗宁
Roman Nikolaevich Polyakov

引用本文:

符升平,李胜波,罗宁,Roman Nikolaevich Polyakov. 换挡工况下湿式换挡离合器变胞机理[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(4): 628-637.

Sheng-ping FU,Sheng-bo LI,Ning LUO,Polyakov Roman Nikolaevich. Metamorphic mechanism of wet shift clutch ingear shifting process. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(4): 628-637.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.04.003    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I4/628

图 1  湿式换挡离合器
图 2  分离状态下摩擦对偶片的工作状态
图 3  摩擦对偶片变胞器
图 4  湿式换挡离合器变胞器
构态 运动副约束函数 运动链邻接矩阵/变胞方程 变胞矩阵/变胞函数
分离 ${\bm{C}}{\left( t \right)_{i, i + 1}} = {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{f}} = \left[ {0, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1} \right]$ ${\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{f}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 0&{{{\bm{C}}_{1, 2}}}&0&{...}&{}&0 \\ {{{\bm{C}}_{2, 1}}}&{}&{...}&{}&{}&0 \\ 0&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{i, i + 1}}}&{}&{...} \\ {...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{i + 1, i}}}&{...}&{...}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{k, k + 1}}} \\ 0&0&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{k + 1, k}}}&0 \end{array}} \right]_{(k + 1) \times (k + 1)}}$ ?
滑摩 ${\bm{C}}{\left( t \right)_{i, i + 1}} = {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}} = \left[ {1, 1, 1, \bar w, 1, 1} \right]$ ${\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{h}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 0&{{{\bm{C}}_{1, 2}}}&0&{...}&{}&0 \\ {{{\bm{C}}_{2, 1}}}&{}&{...}&{}&{}&0 \\ 0&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{i, i + 1}}}&{}&{...} \\ {...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{i + 1, i}}}&{...}&{...}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{k, k + 1}}} \\ 0&0&{...}&{}&{{{\bm{C}}_{k + 1, k}}}&0 \end{array}} \right]_{(k + 1) \times (k + 1)}}$ ?
同步 ${\bm{C}}{\left( t \right)_{i, i + 1}} = {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{t}} = \left[ {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1} \right]$ ${\bm{B}}_{^2}^{\rm{t}} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 0&{{{\bm{C}}_{3t}}} \\ {{{\bm{C}}_{3t}}}&0 \end{array}} \right]$ ?
分离→
滑摩		 ${\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{f}} \to {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}}$ ${\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{h}} = \left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_m^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}}} } \right){\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{f}}{\left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_m^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}}} } \right)^{\rm{T}}}$ ${\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 1&{}&{}&{\bf 0}&{}&{} \\ {}&{...}&{}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&{\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}}}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&1&{}&{} \\ {}&{\bf 0}&{}&{}&{...}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&{}&{}&1 \end{array}} \right]_{\left( {k + 1} \right) \times \left( {k + 1} \right)}}$ $\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}} = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 1, &i \ne m + 1;\\ {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{f}} \times {{\bm{A}}^{{\rm{f}} \to {\rm{h}}}}, & i = m + 1.\\ \end{array}} \right. $
滑摩→
同步		 ${\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}} \to {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{t}}$ ${\bm{B}}_{^2}^{\rm{t}} = \left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 0&{{C_{3t}}} \\ {{C_{3t}}}&0 \end{array}} \right] = \left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}}} } \right){\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{h}}{\left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}}} } \right)^{\rm{T}}}$ ${\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 1&{}&{}&{}&{}&{\bf 0}&{} \\ {}&{...}&{}&{}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&0&{\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}}}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&0&1&{}&{} \\ {}&{\bf 0}&{}&{}&{}&{...}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&{}&{}&{}&1 \end{array}} \right]_{k \times \left( {k + 1} \right)}}$ $\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}} = \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 1, & i \ne m + 1;\\ {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}} \times {{\bm{A}}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{t}}}}, & i = m + 1.\\ \end{array}} \right.$
同步→
滑摩		 ${\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{t}} \to {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}}$ ${\bm{B}}_{^{m + 2}}^{\rm{h}} = ({\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}}){\bm{B}}_{^{m + 1}}^{\rm{t}}{({\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}})^{\rm{T}}}$ $\begin{array}{l}{\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}}1&{}&{\bf 0}\\{}& \ddots &{}\\{\bf 0}&{}&1\\{}&{\alpha _{m + 2}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}}}&0\end{array}} \right]_{\left( {m + 2} \right) \times \left( {m + 1} \right)}}\\\begin{array}{*{20}{c}}{\alpha _{m + 2}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}} = \left\{ \begin{array}{l}1,\\{\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i,i + 1}}^{\rm{t}} \times {{\bm{A}}^{{\rm{t}} \to {\rm{h}}}},\end{array} \right.}&\begin{array}{l}i \ne m + 1;\\i = m + 1.\end{array}\end{array}\end{array}$
滑摩→
分离		 ${\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}} \to {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{f}}$ ${\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{f}} = \left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}}} } \right){\bm{B}}_{^{k + 1}}^{\rm{h}}{\left( {\prod\limits_{m = 0}^{k - 1} {{\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}}} } \right)^{\rm{T}}}$ ${\bm{M}}_{_m}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}} = {\left[ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} 1&{}&{}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&\ddots &{}&{\bf 0}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&{\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}}}&{}&{}&{} \\ {}&{}&{}&1&{}&{} \\ {}&{\bf 0}&{}&{}&\ddots &{} \\ {}&{}&{}&{}&{}&1 \end{array}} \right]_{\left( {k + 1} \right) \times \left( {k + 1} \right)}}$ $\alpha _{m + 1}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}} = \left\{ {\begin{aligned} &\;\; 1, \quad\quad\quad\quad\quad\;\;\; i \ne m + 1;\\&\;\; {\bm{C}}\left( t \right)_{_{i, i + 1}}^{\rm{h}} \times {{\bm{A}}^{{\rm{h}} \to {\rm{f}}}}, i = m + 1.\\ \end{aligned}} \right.$
表 1  湿式换挡离合器各构态的变胞描述
图 5  离合器 $\bar x$ 方向通用动力学模型
图 6  离合器主被动端转速试验与仿真结果
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