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工程设计学报  2026, Vol. 33 Issue (3): 377-389    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2026.05.203
可靠性与保质设计     
考虑概率-区间混合不确定性的航空装备MFOP可靠性分析
王如平1(),毕腾豪2,3,孟理华1,向法武1,王崇帅2,3()
1.中国航空综合技术研究所,北京 100028
2.河北工业大学 电气工程学院,天津 300401
3.智能配用电装备与系统全国重点实验室,天津 300401
Reliability analysis of aviation equipment MFOP considering probability-interval hybrid uncertainty
Ruping WANG1(),Tenghao BI2,3,Lihua MENG1,Fawu XIANG1,Chongshuai WANG2,3()
1.China Aero-Polytechnology Establishment, Beijing 100028, China
2.School of Electrical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China
3.National Key Laboratory of Smart Power Distribution and Utilization Equipment and Systems, Tianjin 300401, China
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摘要:

基于无维修工作期(maintenance-free operating period, MFOP)的航空装备可靠性分析,可通过合理规划维修间隔时间实现装备无故障运行能力及任务完成率的提升。目前,MFOP可靠性指标的计算仅考虑基于特定分布的随机不确定因素。然而,对于复杂的航空装备系统,部分不确定因素的样本数据获取困难,无法准确构建概率分布,而基于理想设定的概率分布得到的可靠性结果偏差较大。为此,将概率-区间混合不确定性引入MFOP可靠性分析框架。针对样本充足的不确定因素,以概率方式表征;针对小样本量的不确定因素,以区间方式表征。同时,考虑不确定因素之间的相关性,提出了一种考虑多源不确定性的航空装备系统可靠性分析方法。最后,通过包含4个不确定参量的解析算例和包含6个不确定参量的航空装备水上降落气囊缓冲系统工程算例,验证了所提出方法的有效性。研究结果为航空装备的维修决策提供了理论依据。

关键词: 混合不确定性可靠性无维修工作期航空装备    
Abstract:

Based on the reliability analysis of aviation equipment with maintenance-free operating period (MFOP), the fault-free operation ability and task completion rate of the equipment can be improved by rationally planning the maintenance intervals. At present, the calculation of MFOP reliability indicators only considers the random uncertain factors based on specific distributions. However, for complex aviation equipment systems, it is difficult to obtain sample data of some uncertain factors, making it impossible to accurately establish probability distributions. Moreover, the reliability results obtained based on the ideally assumed probability distributions entail substantial deviations. Therefore, the probability-interval hybrid uncertainty was introduced into the MFOP reliability analysis framework. For the uncertain factors with sufficient sample sizes, they were characterized in a probabilistic way; for the uncertain factors with scarce sample sizes, they were characterized in an interval way. At the same time, taking into account the correlations among uncertain factors, a reliability analysis method for aviation equipment systems considering multi-source uncertainty was proposed. Finally, through an analytical example with four uncertain parameters and an engineering example of the water-landing airbag buffer system for aviation equipment involving six uncertain parameters, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified. The research results provide a theoretical basis for maintenance decisions of aviation equipment.

Key words: hybrid uncertainty    reliability    maintenance-free operating period    aviation equipment
收稿日期: 2025-09-24 出版日期: 2026-06-27
CLC:  V 267  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52405260);航空科学基金资助项目(2023Z063041001)
通讯作者: 王崇帅     E-mail: Wangruping724@163.com;wangchongshuai@hebut.edu.cn
作者简介: 王如平(1982—),男,研究员,硕士,从事可靠性分析研究,E-mail: Wangruping724@163.com
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引用本文:

王如平,毕腾豪,孟理华,向法武,王崇帅. 考虑概率-区间混合不确定性的航空装备MFOP可靠性分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2026, 33(3): 377-389.

Ruping WANG,Tenghao BI,Lihua MENG,Fawu XIANG,Chongshuai WANG. Reliability analysis of aviation equipment MFOP considering probability-interval hybrid uncertainty[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2026, 33(3): 377-389.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2026.05.203        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2026/V33/I3/377

参量名称分布类型工程意义
材料抗拉强度正态分布制造工艺偏差和材料批次波动导致抗拉强度随机变化
充气速率对数正态分布阀门精度和流体特性引起的非线性随机波动
环境温度区间分布极端气候或任务区域温度变化,缺乏精确统计分布
工作压力区间分布传感器测量误差或工况波动导致的压力范围不确定性
表1  气囊缓冲系统常见的不确定参量
图1  考虑概率-区间混合不确定性的航空装备MFOP维护计划制定流程
变量参数1参数2分布类型
X101正态分布
X201正态分布
Y1-11区间分布
Y2-11区间分布
表2  解析算例中不确定参量的分布参数和分布类型
图2  解析算例中不确定参量的样本点分布
图3  解析算例中目标值的分布
图4  解析算例中失效概率随概率变量相关系数的变化趋势
图5  解析算例中失效概率随区间变量相关系数的变化趋势
图6  解析算例中MFOP随概率变量相关系数的变化趋势(指数分布)
图7  解析算例中MFOP随区间变量相关系数的变化趋势(指数分布)
图8  解析算例中MFOP随概率变量相关系数的变化趋势(威布尔分布)
图9  解析算例中MFOP随区间变量相关系数的变化趋势(威布尔分布)
分析方法失效概率MFOP/年
本文方法[0.089, 0.188][0.319, 1.087]
纯概率法0.1410.712
独立变量法[0.075, 0.210][0.280, 1.150]
椭球模型法[0.087, 0.186][0.314, 1.082]
表3  解析算例中各方法的计算结果比较
图10  气囊缓冲系统示意图
图11  缓冲气囊模型
变量单位参数1参数2分布类型
XrMPa1206正态分布
Xvm3·s-140.1对数正态分布
YTK253298区间分布
YPMPa0.81.2区间分布
ZVm32.5
ZL0.75
表4  气囊缓冲系统不确定参量的分布参数和分布类型
参量组合相关性类型相关性影响
XrXv概率变量-概率变量充气速率升高会引发气囊内部动态载荷增大,材料抗拉强度须匹配高速充气下的瞬时应力峰值,以避免撕裂
YTYP区间变量-区间变量在气囊体积和充气量受限的条件下,温度升高会导致气体压力升高,同时高温可能会触发安全泄压机制,以限制压力失控风险
表5  气囊缓冲系统不确定参量间的相关性
图12  气囊缓冲系统不确定参量的样本点分布
图13  气囊展开时间分布情况
图14  气囊失效概率随概率变量相关系数的变化趋势
图15  气囊失效概率随区间变量相关系数的变化趋势
图16  气囊MFOP随概率变量相关系数的变化趋势(指数分布)
图17  气囊MFOP随区间变量相关系数的变化趋势(指数分布)
分析方法失效概率MFOP/年计算时间/s
本文方法[0.029 7, 0.115 2][0.227, 0.011]4.765
纯概率法0.068 40.5494.346
独立变量法[0.024 3, 0.126 8][0.195, 1.134]2.431
椭球模型法[0.035 8, 0.108 5][0.261, 0.972]3.783
表6  工程算例中各方法的计算结果比较
  
  
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