水泥固化土火山灰反应产物的结构特性

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.01.016

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2025, Vol. 59

Issue (1): 167-176 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.01.016

土木工程、交通工程

水泥固化土火山灰反应产物的结构特性

徐菲1(

),葛津宇1,2,韦华1,梁嘉辉1,李怀森1,韩雪松1

1. 南京水利科学研究院材料结构研究所，江苏南京 210029
2. 河海大学水利水电学院，江苏南京 210024

Structural characteristics of pozzolanic reaction products of cemented soil

Fei XU1(

),Jinyu GE1,2,Hua WEI1,Jiahui LIANG1,Huaisen LI1,Xuesong HAN1

1. Materials and Structural Engineering Department, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing 210029, China
2. College of Water Conservancy and Hydropower, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China

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摘要：

选取蒙脱土（蒙脱石质量分数为67%）、高岭土（高岭石质量分数为40%）以及石英粉配制人工土，制备初始孔隙率为3%的水泥固化土（水泥土）和掺入NaOH或KOH的改性水泥土. 联用X射线衍射技术及²⁹Si核磁共振技术解析不同水泥土体系下火山灰反应产物的结构特性，揭示水泥土火山灰反应产物的生成机理. 结果表明，Ca²⁺是组成水泥土中各类反应产物结构的关键离子；掺入NaOH时，火山灰反应向生成水化硅酸盐（M—S—H）、水化铝酸盐（M—A—H）及高铝硅比的水化铝硅酸盐（M—A—S—H）凝胶发展；掺入KOH时，火山灰反应向生成低铝硅比长链状M—A—S—H结构发展（M=Na、K、Ca）. 固化高岭土发生火山灰反应易生成M—A—S—H结构，固化蒙脱土易生成层间距较大的蒙脱石以及1∶1型铝硅酸盐结构.

关键词： 水泥土; 火山灰反应; 微观结构; ²⁹Si 核磁共振; X射线衍射

Abstract:

In order to elucidate the formation mechanism of the pozzolanic reaction products in cemented soil, the model soils were prepared with quartz powder, bentonite (mass fraction of montmorillonite is 67%) and kaolin (mass fraction of kaolinite is 40%), and the plain cemented soils and NaOH or KOH activated cemented soils were cast under an initial porosity of 3%. The structural characteristics of the pozzolanic reaction products in different cemented soil systems were explored using the combined techniques of XRD and ²⁹Si NMR. Results show that Ca²⁺ is the critical ion in constituting the structure of various reaction products in cemented soil; the formation of hydrated silicate (M—S—H), hydrated aluminate (M—A—H), and hydrated aluminosilicate (M—A—S—H) gel with high alumina-silica ratio during the pozzolanic reaction are promoted by the NaOH addition, while the formation of M—A—S—H structures with low alumina-silica ratio and elongated chain are promoted by the KOH addition (M=Na, K, Ca). Regarding the effects of clay types, the M—A—S—H structures are prone to form in the cemented kaolin during the pozzolanic reaction, and the montmorillonite with larger interlayer spacing and the 1∶1 type aluminosilicate structures are produced in the cemented bentonite.

Key words: cemented soil pozzolanic reaction microstructure ²⁹Si NMR XRD

收稿日期: 2023-11-07 出版日期: 2025-01-18

CLC:

TU 41

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52109161）；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2021M691630）.

作者简介: 徐菲（1989—），男，高级工程师，从事水泥?黏土复合材料研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-1255. E-mail：fxu@nhri.cn

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引用本文:

徐菲,葛津宇,韦华,梁嘉辉,李怀森,韩雪松. 水泥固化土火山灰反应产物的结构特性[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2025, 59(1): 167-176.

Fei XU,Jinyu GE,Hua WEI,Jiahui LIANG,Huaisen LI,Xuesong HAN. Structural characteristics of pozzolanic reaction products of cemented soil. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(1): 167-176.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.01.016 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2025/V59/I1/167

图 1 水泥的XRD-Rietveld分析结果

图 2 原料土的X射线衍射谱图

图 3 原料土29Si 核磁谱的分峰拟合结果

表 1 试验土样基本物理指标

表 2 水泥土配合比

图 4 成型后的水泥土样品

表 3 核磁共振峰谱解译

图 5 水泥质量分数对固化土样品X射线衍射图谱的影响

图 6 不同水泥质量分数下未改性水泥土29Si 核磁谱的分峰拟合结果

表 4 29Si核磁谱分峰拟合后未改性水泥土样品各硅聚合态的表证计算结果

图 7 碱激发固化蒙脱土样品的微观物相表征及结构分析图

表 5 29Si核磁谱分峰拟合后碱激发固化蒙脱土样品各硅聚合态的表征计算结果

图 8 碱激发固化高岭土样品的微观物相表征及结构分析图

表 6 29Si核磁谱分峰拟合后碱激发固化高岭土样品各硅聚合态的表征计算结果

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