力-化耦合在高效钙钛矿光电薄膜制造中的应用研究进展

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.10.004

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2026, Vol. 60

Issue (10): 2109-2120 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.10.004

工程力学

力-化耦合在高效钙钛矿光电薄膜制造中的应用研究进展

曾芯瑶(

),宗惠怡,李向哲,王凯*(

),钱劲

浙江大学航空航天学院浣江实验室，浙江诸暨 311800

Research progress on application of mechanical-chemical coupling in fabrication of high-efficiency perovskite optoelectronic thin films

Xinyao ZENG(

),Huiyi ZONG,Xiangzhe LI,Kai WANG*(

),Jin QIAN

Huanjiang Laboratory, School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Zhuji 311800, China

全文: PDF(2272 KB) HTML

摘要：

旨在系统阐述卤化物钙钛矿前驱体溶液在成膜过程中的流体动力学行为，构建可用于调控溶质输运、蒸发动态与结晶演化的统一理论框架. 通过流变测试、动力学分析与典型涂布工艺的数值模拟相结合的方法，表征溶液在黏性流动、界面铺展与蒸发固化阶段的速度分布和浓度迁移特征，并借助粒子成像测速及界面追踪技术，实现对流场结构、蒸发前沿位置与晶体取向的协同观察. 结果表明，溶剂体系、剪切条件与界面性质是决定溶质分布与结晶路径的关键变量；适度调控蒸发梯度和界面能有效抑制咖啡环效应. 综上，建立了贯穿溶液工程、工艺调控、界面调节与结构表征的系统化机制框架，能为实现高均匀性、低缺陷的钙钛矿薄膜提供可预测、可设计的调控路径，并为溶液法加工钙钛矿光电材料的可调控制造奠定理论基础.

关键词： 钙钛矿溶液法成膜; 流体动力学; 溶质迁移; 界面调控; 多尺度建模

Abstract:

The fluid dynamic behavior of halide perovskite precursor solutions during thin-film formation was systematically elucidated, and a unified theoretical framework for regulating solute transport, evaporation dynamics, and crystallization evolution was established. Rheological measurements, kinetic analysis, and numerical simulations of representative coating processes were combined to characterize velocity distributions and concentration migration during the stages of viscous flow, interfacial spreading, and evaporation-induced solidification. In addition, particle image velocimetry and interfacial tracking techniques enabled coordinated observation of flow-field structures, evaporation front positions, and crystal orientation. The results indicated that the solvent system, shear conditions, and interfacial properties were key variables governing solute distribution and crystallization pathways, and the appropriate control of evaporation gradients and interfacial energy could effectively suppress the coffee-ring effect. Overall, a systematic mechanistic framework spanning solution engineering, process control, interfacial regulation, and structural characterization was established, providing a predictable and designable pathway for achieving highly uniform, low-defect perovskite thin films and a theoretical basis for the controlled fabrication of solution-processed perovskite optoelectronic materials.

Key words: perovskite solution processing fluid dynamics solute transport interfacial regulation multiscale modeling

收稿日期: 2025-12-22 出版日期: 2026-07-28

CLC:

O 35

基金资助: 浙江省自然科学基金杰出青年项目（LR25A020002）.

通讯作者: 王凯 E-mail: xinyz@zju.edu.cn;kaikaiwang@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 曾芯瑶（2002—），女，硕士生，从事多场耦合力学性能研究. orcid.org/0009-0001-4731-6921. E-mail：xinyz@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

曾芯瑶,宗惠怡,李向哲,王凯,钱劲. 力-化耦合在高效钙钛矿光电薄膜制造中的应用研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2026, 60(10): 2109-2120.

Xinyao ZENG,Huiyi ZONG,Xiangzhe LI,Kai WANG,Jin QIAN. Research progress on application of mechanical-chemical coupling in fabrication of high-efficiency perovskite optoelectronic thin films. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2026, 60(10): 2109-2120.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.10.004 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2026/V60/I10/2109

图 1 咖啡环效应机理及液滴蒸发前、后形貌演变（经许可转载自文献[31]）

图 2 3种溶液法的制备示意图

图 3 Landau-Levich模型与半月面内马兰戈尼对流示意图及其物理场分布特征（经许可转载自[40]）

表 1 钙钛矿溶液成膜中流体动力学调控维度及其主导机制概览

图 4 不同处理下钙钛矿薄膜的GIWAXS表征及取向特性分析（经许可转载自文献[11]）

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