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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (9): 1676-1683    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.009
机械工程、能源工程     
磁流体动力学动量轮的致动特性和影响因素
李吉冬(),钟莹,李醒飞*()
天津大学 精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室，天津 300072
Actuating characteristics and influencing factors of magnetohydrodynamic momentum wheel
Ji-dong LI(),Ying ZHONG,Xing-fei LI*()
State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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摘要：

结合不可压缩流体的纳维?斯托克斯方程和磁流体动力学基本方程，针对电流和电压控制模式下矩形截面环管内金属流体的哈脱曼流动问题建立完整的传递函数模型，深入分析流体中黏滞力项和边界层效应对动量轮输出性能的影响. 通过有限元仿真软件COMSOL对流体运动特性和流场分布进行仿真验证，分析电流、磁场和流体特征参数对动量轮输出指标的影响. 在电流控制模式下，动量轮的角动量输出标度因数约为9.68×10?5 N·m·s/A，可作为动量轮的设计与优化依据.
关键词： 磁流体动力学（MHD）;  动量轮;  哈脱曼流动;  有限元仿真;  纳维?斯托克斯方程    
Abstract:

Based on Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible fluids and magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) basic equations, a complete transfer function model for Hartmann flow of metallic fluid in a rectangular annular tube under current and voltage control mode were built up, and the effects of viscous force and boundary layer on the output performance of the momentum wheel were analyzed. By using the finite element simulation software COMSOL, the fluid motion characteristics and velocity distribution were simulated and verified. The influencing factors of output indexs, including current, magnetic field and characteristic parameters of the fluid, were totally analyzed. In current control mode, the angular momentum output scale factor of the momentum wheel is about 9.68×10-5 N·m·s/A, which can provide the basis for the design and optimization of the momentum wheel.
Key words: magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)    momentum wheel    Hartmann flow    finite element simulation    Navier-Stokes equation
收稿日期: 2020-08-31 出版日期: 2021-10-20
CLC:  TH 73  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金重点项目（61733012）；国家自然科学基金国家重大科研仪器研制项目（61427810）
通讯作者: 李醒飞     E-mail: lijidong1996@tju.edu.cn;lixftju@sina.com
作者简介: 李吉冬（1996—），男，硕士生，从事新型机电惯性器件研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-1635-3439. E-mail： lijidong1996@tju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

李吉冬,钟莹,李醒飞. 磁流体动力学动量轮的致动特性和影响因素[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(9): 1676-1683.

Ji-dong LI,Ying ZHONG,Xing-fei LI. Actuating characteristics and influencing factors of magnetohydrodynamic momentum wheel. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(9): 1676-1683.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.009    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I9/1676

图 1  MHD动量轮原理示意图
图 2  哈脱曼流动模型速度分布示意图
图 3  导电流体环截面示意图
图 4  简化后装配体截面图
材料类型 ρ/（103 kg·m?3） σ/（106 S·m?1） μ/（10?3 Pa·s） Br/T
钕铁硼N38 SH（磁钢） 7.5 0.76 —— 1.25
镓铟锡（流体） 6.57 3.27 2.16 ——
无氧铜（电极） 8.9 56.30 —— ——
铁镍合金（外壳） 8.2 2.20 —— ——
氧化铝（隔板、垫圈） 3.5 —— —— ——
表 1  组件材料参数
图 5  核心部件网格划分方案设计
图 6  流体切面流速分布示意图
图 7  仿真与理论流速随电流变化曲线
图 8  相对偏差随电流变化曲线
图 9  流速随磁感应强度变化曲线
图 10  相对偏差随磁场变化曲线
图 11  流速随电导率变化曲线
图 12  流速随动力黏度变化曲线
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