方形锂离子电池各向异性热导率稳态测量

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.12.002

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2026, Vol. 60

Issue (12): 2564-2570 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.12.002

机械与动力工程

方形锂离子电池各向异性热导率稳态测量

兰怀雨1(

),盛雷1,*(

),陶柏均1,张振东1,张晓军2,张春风2,周钦健1

1. 上海理工大学机械工程学院，上海 200093
2. 山西潞安太行润滑科技股份有限公司，山西长治 046000

Steady-state measurement of anisotropic thermal conductivity in prismatic lithium-ion battery

Huaiyu LAN1(

),Lei SHENG1,*(

),Bojun TAO1,Zhendong ZHANG1,Xiaojun ZHANG2,Chunfeng ZHANG2,Qinjian ZHOU1

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
2. Shanxi Lu’an Taihang Lubricant Limited Company, Changzhi 046000, China

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摘要：

为了精确测定方形动力锂离子电池的热导率，基于一维稳态导热原理提出表征电池厚度、宽度、高度方向热导率的理论方法，研究电池热导率的各向异性特性，以及老化鼓包因素对电池各向异性热导率的影响. 结果表明，电池的宽度方向热导率最大，高度方向热导率次之，厚度方向热导率最小，且宽度、高度方向热导率均超过厚度方向热导率的3倍. 电池热导率随自身温度的升高而增大，从?20 ℃到40 ℃增大6.30%. 电池经鼓包老化后，厚度方向热导率降低了16.27%，宽度、高度方向热导率分别降低了7.88%、8.74%. 试验结果表明，本方法测量精度达到96.07%.

关键词： 锂离子电池; 各向异性热导率; 一维稳态导热; 鼓包老化

Abstract:

A theoretical method based on the one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction principle was developed to characterize the conductivity along the thickness, width and height directions in order to accurately determine the thermal conductivity of prismatic power lithium-ion batteries. The anisotropic characteristics of the battery’s thermal conductivity and the impact of aging-induced swelling were analyzed. Results showed that the thermal conductivity was the highest along the width direction, followed by the height direction, and the lowest along the thickness direction. The conductivity in both the width and height directions was more than three times that in the thickness direction. The thermal conductivity increased with the battery’s temperature, showing a 6.30% rise from ?20 ℃ to 40 ℃. The through-thickness conductivity decreased by 16.27% after aging with swelling, while the in-plane conductivities (width and height directions) decreased by 7.88% and 8.74%, respectively. The experimental results showed that the proposed method achieved a measurement accuracy of 96.07%.

Key words: lithium-ion battery anisotropic thermal conductivity one-dimensional steady-state heat conduction swelling-induced aging

收稿日期: 2025-10-11 出版日期: 2026-10-21

CLC:

TP 393

基金资助: 国家自然科学青年基金资助项目（52206267）；国家自然科学基金资助项目（52472381）.

通讯作者: 盛雷 E-mail: 1807569506@qq.com;shenglei369@163.com

作者简介: 兰怀雨（2000—），男，硕士生，从事电池热管理研究. orcid.org/0009-0005-0763-8589. E-mail：1807569506@qq.com

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引用本文:

兰怀雨,盛雷,陶柏均,张振东,张晓军,张春风,周钦健. 方形锂离子电池各向异性热导率稳态测量[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2026, 60(12): 2564-2570.

Huaiyu LAN,Lei SHENG,Bojun TAO,Zhendong ZHANG,Xiaojun ZHANG,Chunfeng ZHANG,Qinjian ZHOU. Steady-state measurement of anisotropic thermal conductivity in prismatic lithium-ion battery. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2026, 60(12): 2564-2570.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2026.12.002 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2026/V60/I12/2564

图 1 电池厚度方向一维导热分析示意图

图 2 电池冷、热面温度变化示意图

表 1 方形114 A·h三元锂电池规格参数

图 3 电池测试装置的示意图和实物图

图 4 电池热导率试验测试系统的示意图

图 5 电池在0 ℃环境下受热时的温度场变化图

图 6 电池厚度方向热导率的测试结果

图 7 厚度方向热导率随温度变化的柱状图

图 8 新电池与老化电池的各向异性热导率对比

表 2 电池鼓包老化后的尺寸

图 9 铝合金物块试验布置图

表 3 铝合金物块规格参数

表 4 电池各向异性热导率校准值

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