气库容积对低温环路热管的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.12.015

浙江大学学报(工学版)

2024, Vol. 58

Issue (12): 2556-2566 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.12.015

能源工程

气库容积对低温环路热管的影响

赵晨阳1,2(

),李南茜1,*(

),李骏婷1,2,蒋珍华1,2,吴亦农1,2

1. 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所，上海 200083
2. 中国科学院大学，北京 100049

Effect of gas reservoir volume on cryogenic loop heat pipes

Chenyang ZHAO1,2(

),Nanxi LI1,*(

),Junting LI1,2,Zhenhua JIANG1,2,Yinong WU1,2

1. Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai 200083, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

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摘要：

低温环路热管（CLHP）的气库容积通常为其余部件总容积的30~100倍，重量占比最大. 为了实现CLHP的轻量化设计，提高卫星载荷资源的利用率，开展气库容积对CLHP启动与稳态工作特性影响的机理研究. 建立CLHP的启动模型和稳态失效模型，开展气库容积对冷凝温度、次蒸发温度和传热热阻等关键参数影响的理论与实验验证研究. 结果表明：通过提高次蒸发温度设计值，CLHP实验样机可在气库容积仅为其余部件总容积的11倍的情况下顺利启动；当主热负荷较高时，不同气库容积对CLHP传热热阻影响较小；当主储液器容积一定时，可通过减小气库容积增强主储液器的调节能力，使CLHP稳定运行的热负荷范围增加.

关键词： 低温环路热管; 启动特性; 稳态; 气库; 储液器

Abstract:

The gas reservoir volume of a cryogenic loop heat pipe (CLHP) is usually 30 to 100 times the total volume of the other components, and its weight accounts for the largest proportion. To realize the lightweight design of CLHPs and improve the utilization rate of satellite payload resources, research was conducted on the mechanism of the influence of gas reservoir volume on the startup and steady-state operating characteristics of CLHPs. A start-up model and a steady-state failure model of CLHPs were established, and theoretical and experimental validation studies were carried out on the influence of gas reservoir volume on key parameters of the condensation temperature, evaporation temperature of the secondary evaporator and heat transfer thermal resistance. Results showed that, by increasing the design value of the evaporation temperature of the secondary evaporator, the CLHP experimental prototype started up smoothly with a gas reservoir volume only 11 times the total volume of the other components. The effect of different gas reservoir volumes on the heat transfer thermal resistance of CLHPs was negligible when the primary heat load was high. When the volume of the primary compensation chamber was certain, the regulating ability of the primary compensation chamber could be enhanced by decreasing the volume of the gas reservoir, thereby expanding the range of primary heat load for stable operation of the CLHPs.

Key words: cryogenic loop heat pipe startup characteristic steady state gas reservoir compensation chamber

收稿日期: 2023-10-30 出版日期: 2024-11-25

CLC:

TK 124

基金资助: 中国科学院率先行动“引才计划”B类人才项目；中国科学院战略性先导科技专项（B类）（XDB35000000，XDB35040102）.

通讯作者: 李南茜 E-mail: zhaochenyang@mail.sitp.ac.cn;linanxi@mail.sitp.ac.cn

作者简介: 赵晨阳（1996—），女，博士生，从事低温环路热管研究. orcid.org/0009-0006-5683-0128. E-mail：zhaochenyang@mail.sitp.ac.cn

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引用本文:

赵晨阳,李南茜,李骏婷,蒋珍华,吴亦农. 气库容积对低温环路热管的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(12): 2556-2566.

Chenyang ZHAO,Nanxi LI,Junting LI,Zhenhua JIANG,Yinong WU. Effect of gas reservoir volume on cryogenic loop heat pipes. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(12): 2556-2566.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.12.015 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I12/2556

图 1 低温环路热管结构示意图

图 2 低温环路热管启动阶段示意图

图 3 热力学状态图

图 4 CLHP实验样机

表 1 实验样机参数

图 5 实验系统示意图

图 6 CLHP启动过程温度曲线（气库容积1 000 mL、热沉温度170 K）

图 7 CLHP启动过程温度曲线（气库容积500 mL、热沉温度230 K）

图 8 热沉温度和气库容积对冷凝温度的影响

图 9 热沉温度和气库容积对次蒸发器蒸发温度的影响

图 10 气库容积对传热热阻的影响（次加热负荷为5 W）

图 11 气库容积对传热热阻的影响（次加热负荷为0 W）

图 12 温度170~230 K时各部件内工质的质量

图 13 气库容积和蒸发温度对气库内工质质量变化量的影响

图 14 主热负荷对热阻和失效的影响（热沉温度为170 K）

图 15 主热负荷对热阻和失效的影响（热沉温度为190 K）

图 16 主热负荷对热阻和失效的影响（热沉温度为210 K）

图 17 主热负荷对热阻和失效的影响（热沉温度为230 K）

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