Please wait a minute...
浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (6): 1091-1106    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.06.001
计算机技术     
基于区块链的移动群智感知数据处理研究综述
邵子豪1(),霍如1,2,*(),王志浩1,倪东1,谢人超1,3
1. 紫金山实验室，江苏 南京 211111
2. 北京工业大学 信息学部，北京 100124
3. 北京邮电大学 网络与交换技术国家重点实验室，北京 100876
Survey of mobile crowdsensing data processing based on blockchain
Zihao SHAO1(),Ru HUO1,2,*(),Zhihao WANG1,Dong NI1,Renchao XIE1,3
1. Purple Mountain Laboratories, Nanjing 211111, China
2. Faculty of Information Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
 全文: PDF(772 KB)   HTML
摘要：

针对移动群智感知（MCS）数据处理的用户广泛参与性、采集设备灵活移动性与通信环境复杂性的特点，对基于区块链的移动群智感知数据处理进行评估. 回顾移动群智感知与区块链的发展历程，总结移动群智感知数据处理面临的挑战与区块链技术的特点；设计基于区块链的移动群智感知体系结构（BMCA），实现数据去中心化管理、数据安全保障、数据质量精准评估与激励可信性增强；从隐私保护、数据质量评估、激励机制3个维度，对比分析现有的数据处理关键技术研究工作；探讨基于区块链的移动群智感知数据处理研究在资源消耗控制、数据精准分析、全周期与差异化隐私保护、融合模式应用等方面存在的问题及未来可能的发展方向.
关键词： 移动群智感知;  区块链;  隐私安全保护;  数据质量评估;  激励机制    
Abstract:

A comprehensive evaluation and categorization of blockchain-based mobile crowdsensing (MCS) data processing was conducted, in order to address the wide participation of users, the flexible mobility of collection devices, and the complexity of communication environment in mobile crowdsensing data processing. Firstly, the developments of MCS and blockchain were reviewed, and the challenges of MCS data processing and the characteristics of blockchain were introduced. Secondly, a blockchain-based mobile crowdsensing architecture (BMCA) was designed to achieve decentralized data management, data security assurance, precise data quality evaluation, and enhanced credibility of incentives. Then, existing data processing techniques were sorted from privacy-preserving, data quality evaluation, and incentive mechanism. Finally, the current problems and challenges in resource consumption control, precise data analysis, full-cycle and differentiated privacy-preserving, and integrated mode application of blockchain-based MCS data processing research were discussed, and the potential future research direction was pointed out.
Key words: mobile crowdsensing    blockchain    privacy-preserving    data quality evaluation    incentive mechanism
收稿日期: 2024-02-05 出版日期: 2024-05-25
CLC:  TP 393  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2023YFB2704200）.
通讯作者: 霍如     E-mail: shaozihao@pmlabs.com.cn;huoru1988@126.com
作者简介: 邵子豪（1992—），男，博士，从事区块链、移动群智感知和工业互联网研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-2250-6817. E-mail: shaozihao@pmlabs.com.cn
服务　　
把本文推荐给朋友
加入引用管理器
E-mail Alert
作者相关文章　　
邵子豪
霍如
王志浩
倪东
谢人超

引用本文:

邵子豪,霍如,王志浩,倪东,谢人超. 基于区块链的移动群智感知数据处理研究综述[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(6): 1091-1106.

Zihao SHAO,Ru HUO,Zhihao WANG,Dong NI,Renchao XIE. Survey of mobile crowdsensing data processing based on blockchain. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(6): 1091-1106.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.06.001    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I6/1091

图 1  区块链发展历程
图 2  基于区块链的移动群智感知架构 (BMCA)
分类文献方法优势不足
数据
上传		[18]PRVB同时保障用户与提供商的隐私指定的提供商存在隐私泄漏
[19]CrowdHB提升计算效率并实现位置隐私保护应用局限于位置数据保护
[20]差异化私有众包框架个性化用户位置与隐私保护计算开销较大，单阶段保护
[21]无证书签密方案确保模块可信性，减少计算资源消耗签密过程存在性能损失
[22]HBIA平衡用户隐私与计算开销未考虑用户的可信性
结果
匹配		[23]PPQC实现隐私保护并保障效率问题存储空间需求大
[24]FedCrowd实现隐私保护任务推荐保护信息类型单一
[25]PPNS降低时间消耗且保障准确性忽视了用户需求的差异性
[26]改进感知平台支持跨域加密任务匹配和安全授权撤销缺少全周期隐私保护
收益
分配		[27]FGCA隐藏历史交易，增强交易隐私保护历史交易难追溯，数据可用性不足
[28]SecBCS满足激励机制的安全和隐私需求依赖可信参与者
[29]BSIS利用许可区块链实现安全能源交付服务应用场景受限
[30]BCFR安全记录无人机中的数据交易记录的数据交易存储存在泄漏可能
多阶段[31]CrowdBLPS（上传+匹配）确保数据质量与用户隐私保护只能保护用户位置信息
[32]区块链+TEE（上传+分配）安全存储数据与精准奖励分配TEE构建仍需可信中心
[33]区块链+k-匿名（上传+分配）加密数据与奖励，实现安全报酬获取数据计算资源消耗大
[34]LPWS（上传+分配）有限任务预算下实现个性化保护计算效率有待提升
表 1  区块链融合的隐私保护方法
分类文献方法优势不足
相似性匹配[35]MNM+QGE利用匹配度与聚类保障数据质量并获得合理报酬粗粒度评估指标分级存在误差
[36]Crowdauditing智能合约审计数据完整性并评估质量需要大量可审计人员计算资源消耗大
[37]GTD结合真值发现技术提升数据质量评估准确性与效率只能实现数值型数据评估
[38]CPchain语义相似度衡量需求匹配保证准确性存在恶意竞争用户的可能
[39]GSM+SenseChain+利用QoT和QoI衡量工人和任务偏好准确性依赖用户自身定义的偏好
[40]熵值+GRA-TOPSIS多维度制定评价指标体系并评估属性指标涵盖面较少
声誉
评估		[41]BC-CQAM利用可信机制评估结果可信性计算资源消耗大
[42]信誉链+感知链将数据与信誉评分分离，防止泄漏信誉准确性依赖确定型任务规模
[43]ML+QoI预测用户行为，提升数据质量增加了服务成本
[44]B-CSTM设计EPU计算个人数据质量信息可靠性不应局限于距离
[45]ValidatorRep构建细粒度信任验证评估方法优化问责机制用户初始化声誉并未讨论
[46]TEM量化车辆节点信任度，实现无偏见评估依赖评分者的专业性
异常
识别		[47]TWNS在异常数据中低成本选择可信节点信任值准确性依赖大规模数据
[48]Iroha许可区块链恶意节点识别，阻止虚假数据提供依赖可信验证节点
[49]共识算法+智能合约解决支付不公平、识别消极参与者、防止合作作弊依赖大规模验证者
[50]RC-chain实现数据交易与用户声誉评估应用拓展性有待提升
表 2  区块链融合的数据质量评估方法
分类文献方法优点缺点
用户为中心[30]BCFR激励高声誉无人机执行任务并防止数据共享免受内部攻击缺乏考虑个体理性
[51]区块链+Beta信誉模型确保数据安全性并鼓励高信誉用户参与应用场景具有局限性
[52]BC-MCSDT基于用户声誉的Stackelberg博弈，保障用户动态策略调整声誉频繁更新导致区块链存储困难
[53]PODV鼓励用户提供高质量数据并具有高吞吐量可扩展性低，数据分析困难
[54]RADT利用贪婪策略来确定赢家，智能合约确保交易可追溯缺失智能合约的计算性能分析
[55]PFPI竞价加密状态下实现用户激励计算复杂度高
[56]三阶段Stackelberg博弈对参与者分类实现差异化激励无法有效支持大规模应用
[57]GAIMMO鼓励矿工合作，保障用户收益需要大规模矿工参与
[58]混合激励模型鼓励用户提供高质量数据，防止搭便车评估属性固定，难以扩展
[59]分布式拍卖在保障安全情况下满足社会效益和个体理性不同智能合约部署存在延迟
发布方为中心[60]时间约束激励模型对任务分类并分别给出激励策略场景受限于两车协同
[61]RbatAlloc识别异常平台，确保机制透明缺乏考虑个体理性
[62]数字水印防止矿工冒名领取奖励引入的矿工收益并未进行考虑
[63]TensorBC考虑冗余赢家与参与者多属性矿工收益并未考虑
[64]DRR确保数据收集平衡性缺乏考虑用户学习能力
[65]BCDT防止参与用户操纵拍卖价格缺乏对发布方共谋的预防
[66]BCC利用可转移奖励的联盟博弈方法激励用户合作未将车辆进行分类
表 3  区块链融合的激励机制方法
1 中国互联网络信息中心. 第51次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告[EB/OL]. [2023-03-02]. https://www.cnnic.net.cn/n4/2023/0302/c199-10755.html.
2 ZHANG D Q, WANG L Y, XIONG H Y, et al 4W1H in mobile crowd sensing[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2014, 52 (8): 42- 48
doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2014.6871668
3 MA Y, SUN Y, LEI Y J, et al A survey of blockchain technology on security, privacy, and trust in crowdsourcing services[J]. World Wide Web, 2020, 23 (1): 393- 419
doi: 10.1007/s11280-019-00735-4
4 CHEN Z Y, FIANDRINO C, KANTARCI B On blockchain integration into mobile crowdsensing via smart embedded devices: a comprehensive survey[J]. Journal of Systems Architecture, 2021, 115: 102011
doi: 10.1016/j.sysarc.2021.102011
5 GANTI R K, YE F, LEI H Mobile crowdsensing: current state and future challenges[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2011, 49 (11): 32- 39
doi: 10.1109/MCOM.2011.6069707
6 刘云浩 群智感知计算[J]. 中国计算机学会通讯, 2012, 8 (10): 38- 41
LIU Yunhao Mobile crowd sensing and computing[J]. Communication of China Computer Society, 2012, 8 (10): 38- 41
7 GUO B, YU Z W, ZHOU X S, et al. From participatory sensing to mobile crowd sensing [C]// 2014 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops . Budapest: IEEE, 2014: 593−598.
8 LIU Y M, YU Z W, GUO B, et al CrowdOS: a ubiquitous operating system for crowdsourcing and mobile crowd sensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2020, 21 (3): 878- 894
9 FEKIH M A, BECHKIT W, RIVANO H, et al Participatory air quality and urban heat islands monitoring system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, 2021, 70: 9503914
10 TCHUENTE D, SENNINGER D, PIETSCH H, et al Providing more regular road signs infrastructure updates for connected driving: a crowdsourced approach with clustering and confidence level[J]. Decision Support Systems, 2021, 141: 113443
doi: 10.1016/j.dss.2020.113443
11 WONG R H, KUAN K Y. U. S. and Chinese customers rate differently: an analysis of Yelp and Dianping restaurant reviews [C]// Pacific Asia Conference on Information Systems . Taipei: AIS, 2022: 323.
12 SZABO N. Smart contracts [EB/OL]. [2018-11-5]. https://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/rob/Courses/InformationInSpeech/CDROM/Literature/LOTwinterschool2006/szabo.best.vwh.net/smart.contracts.html.
13 曾诗钦, 霍如, 黄韬, 等 区块链技术研究综述: 原理、进展与应用[J]. 通信学报, 2020, 41 (1): 134- 151
ZENG Shiqian, HUO Ru, HUANG Tao, et al Survey of blockchain: principle, progress and application[J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41 (1): 134- 151
doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2020027
14 KUHLE P, ARROYO D, SCHUSTER E Building a blockchain-based decentralized digital asset management system for commercial aircraft leasing[J]. Computers in Industry, 2021, 126: 103393
doi: 10.1016/j.compind.2020.103393
15 张谦, 曹晟, 张小松 多因素反向拍卖的跨链支付路由方案[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2022, 59 (10): 2233- 2246
ZHANG Qian, CAO Sheng, ZHANG Xiaosong A multi-factor reverse auction routing scheme for cross-blockchain payment[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2022, 59 (10): 2233- 2246
doi: 10.7544/issn1000-1239.20220482
16 LAKHAN A, MOHAMMED M A, ELHOSENY M, et al Blockchain multi-objective optimization approach-enabled secure and cost-efficient scheduling for the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) in fog-cloud system[J]. Soft Computing, 2022, 26 (13): 6429- 6442
doi: 10.1007/s00500-022-07167-9
17 GOEL N, SCHREVEN C V, FILOS-RATSIKAS A, et al. Infochain: a decentralized, trustless and transparent oracle on block-chain [C]// IJCAI'20: Proceedings of the 29th International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence . New York: ACM, 2021: 4604−4610.
18 ZHANG C, ZHU L H, XU C, et al PRVB: achieving privacy-preserving and reliable vehicular crowdsensing via blockchain oracle[J]. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, 2021, 70 (1): 831- 843
doi: 10.1109/TVT.2020.3046027
19 ZOU S H, XI J W, XU G A, et al CrowdHB: a decentralized location privacy-preserving crowdsensing system based on a hybrid blockchain network[J]. IEEE Internet Things Journal, 2022, 9 (16): 14803- 14817
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3084937
20 WANG M H, ZHU T Q, ZUO X H, et al Differentially private crowdsourcing with the public and private blockchain[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2023, 10 (10): 8918- 8930
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3233360
21 王利朋, 陈钟, 关志, 等 群智感知中基于区块链的带时效签密方案[J]. 计算机学报, 2021, 44 (11): 2216- 2232
WANG Lipeng, CHEN Zhong, GUAN Zhi, et al Blockchain-based signcryption scheme with aging mechanism in crowdsensing applications[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2021, 44 (11): 2216- 2232
doi: 10.11897/SP.J.1016.2021.02216
22 WANG T C, SHEN H M, CHEN J, et al A hybrid blockchain-based identity authentication scheme for Mobile Crowd Sensing[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2023, 143: 40- 50
doi: 10.1016/j.future.2023.01.013
23 AN J, WANG Z X, HE X, et al PPQC: a blockchain-based privacy-preserving quality control mechanism in crowdsensing applications[J]. IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking, 2022, 30 (3): 1352- 1367
doi: 10.1109/TNET.2022.3141582
24 GUO Y, XIE H C, MIAO Y B, et al FedCrowd: a federated and privacy-preserving crowdsourcing platform on blockchain[J]. IEEE Transactions on Services Computing, 2022, 15 (4): 2060- 2073
doi: 10.1109/TSC.2020.3031061
25 AN J, WANG Z X, HE X, et al. PPNS: a privacy-preserving node selection scheme in crowdsensing based on blockchain [C]// 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design . Dalian: IEEE, 2021: 428−433.
26 ZHANG C, GUO Y, JIA X H, et al. Enabling proxy-free privacy-preserving and federated crowdsourcing by using blockchain[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal . 2021, 8(8): 6624−6636.
27 LI M H, YANG L, XIA Q, et al. STPChain: a crowdsourced software engineering method for software traceability and fine-grained privacy based on blockchain [C]// 2022 IEEE 46th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference . Los Alamitos: IEEE, 2022: 849−859.
28 LIN C, HE D B, ZEADALLY S, et al SecBCS: a secure and privacy-preserving blockchain-based crowdsourcing system[J]. Science China (Information Sciences), 2020, 63 (3): 130102
doi: 10.1007/s11432-019-9893-2
29 WANG Y T, SU Z, ZHANG N BSIS: blockchain-based secure incentive scheme for energy delivery in vehicular energy network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2019, 15 (6): 3620- 3631
doi: 10.1109/TII.2019.2908497
30 XIE L, SU Z, CHEN N, et al. Secure data sharing in uav-assisted crowdsensing: integration of blockchain and reputation incentive [C]// 2021 IEEE Global Communications Conference . Madrid: IEEE, 2021: 1−6.
31 ZOU S L, XI J W, WANG H G, et al CrowdBLPS: a blockchain-based location-privacy-preserving mobile crowdsensing system[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2020, 16 (6): 4206- 4218
doi: 10.1109/TII.2019.2957791
32 PENG T, GUAN K J, LIU J R A privacy-preserving mobile crowdsensing scheme based on blockchain and trusted execution environment[J]. IEICE Transactions on Information and Systems, 2022, 105 (2): 215- 226
33 PENG T, LIU J R, CHEN J E, et al. A privacy-preserving crowdsensing system with muti-blockchain [C]// 2020 IEEE 19th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications . Guangzhou: IEEE, 2020: 1944−1949.
34 高胜, 陈秀华, 朱建明, 等 基于区块链的群智感知中任务预算约束的位置隐私保护参与者选择方法[J]. 计算机学报, 2022, 45 (5): 1052- 1067
GAO Sheng, CHEN Xiuhua, ZHU Jianming, et al A location privacy-preserving worker selection scheme under limited budget for blockchain-based crowdsensing[J]. Chinese Journal of Computers, 2022, 45 (5): 1052- 1067
doi: 10.11897/SP.J.1016.2022.01052
35 AN J, LIANG D W, GUI X L, et al Crowdsensing quality control and grading evaluation based on a two-consensus blockchain[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019, 6 (3): 4711- 4718
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2018.2883835
36 CHEN H W, ZHOU H, YU J P, et al Trusted audit with untrusted auditors: a decentralized data integrity crowdauditing approach based on blockchain[J]. International Journal of Intelligent Systems, 2021, 36 (11): 6213- 6239
doi: 10.1002/int.22548
37 WANG E, CAI J T, YANG Y J, et al Trustworthy and efficient crowdsensed data trading on sharding blockchain[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2022, 40 (12): 3547- 3561
doi: 10.1109/JSAC.2022.3213331
38 SHENG D J, XIAO M J, LIU A, et al. CPchain: a copyright-preserving crowdsourcing data trading framework based on blockchain [C]// 2020 29th International Conference on Computer Communications and Networks . Honolulu: IEEE, 2020: 1−9.
39 KADADHA M, OTROK H, SINGH S, et al Two-sided preferences task matching mechanisms for blockchain-based crowdsourcing[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2021, 191 (1): 103155
40 YU C X, LENG Y, LI J, et al Blockchain crowdfunding projects evaluation using GRA-TOPSIS[J]. Kybernetes, 2021, 50 (11): 3017- 3036
doi: 10.1108/K-02-2020-0067
41 XU T Y, SUN H R, SU Z Y, et al. A quality assessment model for blockchain-based crowdsourcing system [C]// 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design . Dalian: IEEE, 2021: 794−799.
42 WU H T, ZHENG Y C, ZHAO B W An anonymous reputation management system for mobile crowdsensing based on dual blockchain[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2022, 9 (9): 6956- 6968
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2021.3113997
43 KADADHA M, OTROK H, MIZOUNI R, et al On-chain behavior prediction machine learning model for blockchain-based crowdsourcing[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2022, 136: 170- 181
doi: 10.1016/j.future.2022.05.025
44 YU J W, ZHANG G J, LU D J, et al. Blockchain-based crowd-sensing trust management mechanism for crowd evacuation [C]// 2022 IEEE 25th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design . Hangzhou: IEEE, 2022: 1179−1184.
45 LAI R L, ZHAO G S. ValidatorRep: blockchain-based trust management for ensuring accountability in crowdsourcing [C]// 2020 IEEE 19th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications . Los Alamitos: IEEE, 2020: 1950−1955.
46 WANG D W, CHEN X, WU H Q, et al. A Blockchain-based vehicle-trust management framework under a crowdsourcing environment [C]// 2020 IEEE 19th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications . Guangzhou: IEEE, 2020: 1950−1955.
47 HE X, YANG H C, WANG G H, et al Towards trusted node selection using blockchain for crowdsourced abnormal data detection[J]. Future Generation Computer Systems, 2022, 133: 320- 330
doi: 10.1016/j.future.2022.03.026
48 RASOOL S, IQBAL M, DAGIUKLAS T, et al Reliable data analysis through blockchain based crowdsourcing in mobile ad-hoc cloud[J]. Mobile Networks and Applications, 2020, 25 (1): 153- 163
doi: 10.1007/s11036-019-01221-x
49 AN J, CHENG J D, GUI X L, et al A lightweight blockchain-based model for data quality assessment in crowdsensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2020, 7 (1): 84- 97
doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2019.2956481
50 SUN L J, YANG Q, CHEN X, et al RC-chain: reputation-based crowdsourcing blockchain for vehicular networks[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications, 2021, 176: 102956
doi: 10.1016/j.jnca.2020.102956
51 ALKADI R, SHOUFAN A Unmanned aerial vehicles traffic management solution using crowd-sensing and blockchain[J]. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management, 2023, 20 (1): 201- 215
doi: 10.1109/TNSM.2022.3201817
52 HU W W, GU B, LI J M, et al. BC-MCSDT: a blockchain-based trusted mobile crowdsensing data trading framework [C]// 2022 IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communications . Rhodes: IEEE, 2022, 1−7.
53 CHENG K, QUAN S Y, YAN J Q. A blockchain-based crowdsourcing system for large scale environmental data acquisition [C]// 2021 IEEE 24th International Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work in Design . Dalian: IEEE, 2021: 855−860.
54 AN B Y, XIAO M J, LIU A, et al. Truthful crowdsensed data trading based on reverse auction and blockchain [C]// DASFAA 2019: Database Systems for Advanced Applications . Berlin: Springer, 2019: 292−309.
55 应臣浩, 夏福源, 李颉, 等 区块链群智感知中基于隐私数据真值估计的激励机制[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2022, 59 (10): 2212- 2232
YING Chenhao, XIA Fuyuan, LI Jie, et al Incentive mechanism based on truth estimation of private data for blockchain-based mobile crowdsensing[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2022, 59 (10): 2212- 2232
doi: 10.7544/issn1000-1239.20220493
56 HU J J, YANG K, WANG K Z, et al A blockchain-based reward mechanism for mobile crowdsensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Computational Social Systems, 2020, 7 (1): 178- 191
doi: 10.1109/TCSS.2019.2956629
57 LIANG X Q, YAN Z, KANTOLA R GAIMMO: a grade-driven auction-based incentive mechanism with multiple objectives for crowdsourcing managed by blockchain[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2022, 9 (18): 17488- 17502
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2022.3155631
58 WEI L J, WU J, LONG C N A blockchain-based hybrid incentive model for crowdsensing[J]. Electronics, 2020, 9 (2): 215
doi: 10.3390/electronics9020215
59 FENG Z N, CHEN J C. Blockchain based mobile crowd sensing for reliable data sharing in IoT systems [C]// 2021 IFIP Networking Conference . Espoo, Helsinki: IEEE, 2021: 1−3.
60 YIN B, WU Y L, HU T S, et al An efficient collaboration and incentive mechanism for Internet of Vehicles (IoV) with secured information exchange based on blockchains[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2020, 7 (3): 1582- 1593
doi: 10.1109/JIOT.2019.2949088
61 PANG X Y, GUO D F, WANG Z B, et al Towards fair and efficient task allocation in blockchain-based crowdsourcing[J]. CCF Transactions on Networking, 2020, 3 (3): 193- 204
62 何云华, 李梦茹, 李红, 等 群智感知应用中基于区块链的激励机制[J]. 计算机研究与发展, 2019, 56 (3): 544- 554
HE Yunhua, LI Mengru, LI Hong, et al A blockchain based incentive mechanism for crowdsensing applications[J]. Journal of Computer Research and Development, 2019, 56 (3): 544- 554
doi: 10.7544/issn1000-1239.2019.20170670
63 ZHAO R N, YANG L T, LIU D B, et al A tensor-based truthful incentive mechanism for blockchain-enabled space-air-ground integrated vehicular crowdsensing[J]. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 2022, 23 (3): 2853- 2862
doi: 10.1109/TITS.2022.3144301
64 HUANG J Q, KONG L H, DAI H N, et al Blockchain-based mobile crowd sensing in industrial systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2020, 16 (10): 6553- 6563
doi: 10.1109/TII.2019.2963728
65 AN B Y, XIAO M J, LIU A, et al Secure crowdsensed data trading based on blockchain[J]. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, 2023, 22 (3): 1763- 1778
66 HUI Y L, HUANG Y H, SU Z, et al BCC: blockchain-based collaborative crowdsensing in autonomous vehicular networks[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2021, 9 (6): 4518- 4532
[1] 申自浩,刘梦珂,王辉,刘沛骞,刘琨. 基于区块链的用户自定义位置共享方案[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(4): 655-663.
[2] 赵越,赵赫,谭海波,余斌,俞望年,马志宇. 基于小世界理论的区块链Kademlia网络改进方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(1): 1-9.
[3] 崔璨,杨小虎,邱炜伟,黄方蕾. 基于GPU的区块链交易验签加速技术[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(8): 1505-1515.
[4] 王传华,张权,王慧敏,徐欣,麻瓯勃. 区块链架构下具有隐私保护的车联网信誉模型[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(4): 760-772.
[5] 刘雪娇,宋庆武,夏莹杰. 基于区块链的车联网矩阵计算安全卸载方案[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(1): 144-154.
[6] 杨晋生,王浩,高镇,郭朝晖. 基于双RSA累加器的无状态交易验证方案[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(1): 178-189.
[7] 刘雪娇,王慧敏,夏莹杰,赵思苇. 具有隐私保护的车联网空间众包任务分配方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(7): 1267-1275.
[8] 何苗,柏粉花,于卓,沈韬. 区块链中可公开验证密钥共享技术[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(2): 306-312.
[9] 董思含,信俊昌,郝琨,姚钟铭,陈金义. 多区块链环境下的连接查询优化算法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(2): 313-321.
[10] 孙亮,李晓风,赵赫,余斌,周桐,李皙茹. 基于NFT的实物上链资产化方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(10): 1900-1911.
[11] 梁秀波,吴俊涵,赵昱,尹可挺. 区块链数据安全管理和隐私保护技术研究综述[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(1): 1-15.
[12] 刘雪娇,殷一丹,陈蔚,夏莹杰,许佳丽,韩立东. 基于区块链的车联网数据安全共享方案[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(5): 957-965.
[13] 廖佳豪,於志文,刘一萌,郭斌. 移动群智感知平台设计与实现[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(10): 1915-1922.
[14] 盛念祖, 李芳, 李晓风, 赵赫, 周桐. 基于区块链智能合约的物联网数据资产化方法[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2018, 52(11): 2150-2158.
[15] 刘端阳, 曹衍龙. 计算网格中激励惩罚模型的研究[J]. J4, 2010, 44(9): 1687-1691.