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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (9): 1732-1739    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.09.006
土木工程、交通工程     
基于MEMS传感阵列的海底地形形变原位监测装置
葛勇强1(),曹晨1,陈家旺1,2,*(),徐春莺3,周朋1,高峰1,梁涛1,方玉平1
1. 浙江大学 海洋学院，浙江 舟山 316021
2. 海洋感知技术与装备教育部工程研究中心，浙江 舟山 316021
3. 汕头大学 工学院，广东 汕头 515013
In-situ monitoring device for seabed terrain deformation based on MEMS sensor array
Yong-qiang GE1(),Chen CAO1,Jia-wang CHEN1,2,*(),Chun-ying XU3,Peng ZHOU1,Feng GAO1,Tao LIANG1,Yu-ping FANG1
1. Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan 316021, China
2. The Engineering Research Center of Oceanic Sensing Technology and Equipment, Ministry of Education, Zhoushan 316021, China
3. College of Engineering, Shantou University, Shantou 515013, China
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摘要：

为了满足南海天然气水合物资源试采环境评价的迫切需要，提出基于微机电系统（MEMS）传感阵列的海底地形形变监测技术及装置. 开发基于MEMS传感阵列的多点同步采集系统，在实验室理想环境测试中，实现 $ 30\;{{\rm{m}}}\times 30\;\mathrm{m} $区域的地形原位监测，地形形变监测分辨率优于5 cm且监测误差小于13 mm. 构建三维海底地形变形矢量模型，利用MEMS传感器的扭转角和各节的长度确定传感阵列变形后的空间位置，采用细分算法拟合获得地形的表面形态. 所提海底地形形变监测装置在水深为1 203 m的天然气水合物试采区完成连续6个月的原位监测. 海试结果表明，MEMS传感阵列观测到的地形最大沉降量为2 cm，最大抬升量为10 cm.
关键词： 微机电系统(MEMS)传感阵列;  同步采集;  地形变形重构;  原位监测    
Abstract:

In order to meet the urgent need of environmental assessment of the trial production of gas hydrate resources in South China Sea, a seabed terrain deformation monitoring technology and device based on micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensor array was proposed. The multi-point synchronous acquisition system based on MEMS sensor array was developed, and in-situ terrain monitoring in an area of 30 m×30 m was realized in the laboratory tests. The resolution of terrain deformation monitoring was better than 5 cm level, and the monitoring error was less than 13 mm. The three-dimension seabed terrain deformation vector model was constructed. The bend angle of MEMS sensor and the length of each segment were used to determine the position of the sensor array after deformation, and the subdivision algorithm was used to fit the surface shape of the submarine terrain. The proposed seabed terrain deformation monitoring device has completed in-situ consecutively monitoring for 6 months in gas hydrate trial mining area (water depth of 1203 m). The sea trial results show that MEMS sensor array observed a maximum subsidence of 2 cm and a maximum elevation of 10 cm.
Key words: micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) sensor array    synchronous acquisition    terrain deformation reconstruction    in-situ monitoring
收稿日期: 2021-09-22 出版日期: 2022-09-28
CLC:  P 751  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（4197060386）；国家科技重大专项资助项目（2017YFC0307703）；海南省重大科技计划资助项目（ZDKJ202019）；浙江省重点研发计划资助项目（2018C03SAA01010，2020C03G2012430）
通讯作者: 陈家旺     E-mail: ge_yongqiang@zju.edu.cn;arwang@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 葛勇强（1996—），男，博士生，从事基于传感网络的地形形变监测与预警研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-7045-6711.E-mail： ge_yongqiang@zju.edu.cn
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葛勇强
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引用本文:

葛勇强,曹晨,陈家旺,徐春莺,周朋,高峰,梁涛,方玉平. 基于MEMS传感阵列的海底地形形变原位监测装置[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(9): 1732-1739.

Yong-qiang GE,Chen CAO,Jia-wang CHEN,Chun-ying XU,Peng ZHOU,Feng GAO,Tao LIANG,Yu-ping FANG. In-situ monitoring device for seabed terrain deformation based on MEMS sensor array. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(9): 1732-1739.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.09.006    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I9/1732

图 1  微机电系统传感阵列海底布放示意图
图 2  地形形变监测装置
图 3  微机电系统传感阵列、传感器节点及传感器舱体的模型和实物图
图 4  微机电系统传感阵列上节点的级联方式
$ \Delta t $/ms $ t $/s $ p $/%
5 0.11 40.700
10 0.22 15.600
20 0.44 1.380
30 0.65 0.230
40 0.87 0.064
50 1.09 0.029
60 1.32 0.012
表 1  采集板问询间隔与传感阵列数据丢包率关系
图 5  微机电系统传感阵列的数据采集与控制系统示意图
图 6  地形变形三维重构过程
图 7  微机电系统传感器弯曲和扭转情况
图 8  微机电系统传感阵列的圆弧模型
图 9  微机电系统传感阵列地形监测区域
图 10  插值算法示意图
图 11  地形变形监测系统35 MPa耐压测试试验
阵列序号 δa δb δc Dmax Dmin
mm
1 2.99 12.70 4.51 34.87 0.60
2 4.47 12.69 5.81 50.47 1.07
3 3.19 12.10 4.36 23.98 1.06
4 1.80 6.70 2.61 16.91 0.30
表 2  微机电系统传感阵列的监测性能
图 12  地形形变监测装置布放和回收
图 13  海底地形形变监测装置的布放状态
图 14  海底地形形变三维图
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