Design of civil aircraft cabin door operation panel based on ergonomics

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2024.03.314

Chinese Journal of Engineering Design

2024, Vol. 31

Issue (1): 107-119 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2024.03.314

Industrial Software and Major Equipment Integrated Design

Design of civil aircraft cabin door operation panel based on ergonomics

Wenjing ZHI¹(

),Guocai LI¹(

),Weijuan ZHENG¹,Chen ZHANG¹,Dongping LIU¹,Xiaoyi CAI²

^1.Aviation Equipment Research Institute, AVIC Qing'an Group Co. , Ltd. , Xi'an 710077, China
^2.College of Mechanical Electronical and Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 201210, China

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Abstract

In the current civil aircraft cabin door operation panel design, there is a lack of unified standards and specifications for human-machine efficacy and interface design, and the design process overly relies on personal experience and personal preferences, resulting in poor human-machine efficacy of the designed operation panel during use. For this purpose, the design principles for the display and operation of the civil aircraft cabin door operation panel were discussed based on the ergonomics principle, and a design scheme of centralized cabin door operation panel and regional control panel was proposed. Firstly, the information organization, coding, display elements and display forms of the cabin door operation panel were determined through questionnaire survey. Then, the three-dimensional models of the cabin door operation panel, the regional control panel and the aircraft were conducted. Finally, the ergonomics simulation software DELMIA was used to conduct dynamic operation simulation on the layout, key size and touch area of the operation panel. The simulation results showed that the designed cabin door operation panel could enhance the human-machine efficacy, improve the safety and efficiency of the operation, and reduce the misoperation and workload of flight attendants. The designed operation panel and regional control panel not only realize centralized monitoring and management and regional actuation control for the entire cabin door, but also can be used as a human-machine interaction device, which is suitable for the cabin and cargo hold of large-sized wide-body aircraft in the future, and has a very broad application prospect.

Key words： civil aircraft cabin door operation panel human-machine efficacy simulation analysis

Received: 20 October 2023 Published: 04 March 2024

CLC:

TH 114

Corresponding Authors: Guocai LI E-mail: zhiwj001@avic.com;ligc017@avic.com

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Cite this article:

Wenjing ZHI,Guocai LI,Weijuan ZHENG,Chen ZHANG,Dongping LIU,Xiaoyi CAI. Design of civil aircraft cabin door operation panel based on ergonomics. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2024, 31(1): 107-119.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2024.03.314 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2024/V31/I1/107

基于人机工程学的民用飞机舱门操作面板设计

在当前民用飞机舱门操作面板设计中，人机功效和界面设计缺少统一的标准和规范，设计过程过于依赖个人经验和自身偏好，导致所设计的操作面板在使用过程中人机功效较差。为此，基于人机工程学原理讨论了民用飞机舱门操作面板显示与操作的设计原则，并提出了一种集中式舱门操作面板及区域控制面板的设计方案。首先通过问卷调查来确定舱门操作面板的信息组织、编码、显示元素和显示形式等，然后构建舱门操作面板、区域控制面板以及飞机的三维模型，最后使用人机工程仿真软件DELMIA对操作面板的布置、按键尺寸和触及域进行了动态操作仿真。仿真结果表明，所设计的舱门操作面板增强了人机功效，提高了作业的安全性和效率，减少了空乘人员的误操作和工作负荷。所设计的操作面板和区域控制面板不仅实现了整机舱门的集中监控管理与区域作动控制，还能作为人机交互设备，适用于大中型宽体飞机的客舱和货舱，应用前景十分广阔。

关键词： 民用飞机, 舱门, 操作面板, 人机功效, 仿真分析

Fig.1 Passenger door operation panel of Airbus A380 aircraft

Fig.2 Aft cargo door operation panel of Boeing B747-800 aircraft

Fig.3 Main cargo door operation panel of Boeing B787 aircraft

Fig.4 Selection process of human-machine interface design criteria for civil aircraft cabin door operation panel

Fig.5 Appearance design for passenger door operation panel

Fig.6 Appearance design of cargo door operation panel

Fig.7 Functional hierarchy of human-machine interface of main display and control panel of cabin door

Fig.8 Layout design and dimensions of passenger door operation panel

评价指标	标准值¹⁾	测量值	满足情况
按键直径D₁/mm	4.75~12.50	11.89	满足
按键间距d₁/mm	$≥$ 13	28.06	满足

Table 1 Layout verification results of passenger door operation panel

Fig.9 Layout design and dimensions of cargo door operation panel

评价指标	标准值¹⁾	测量值	满足情况
钮子开关臂长L₁/mm	13~50	17.9	满足
钮子开关调节角度θ/(°)	30~80	30	满足
钮子开关控制杆顶部直径D₂/mm	3~25	6.1	满足
按键间距d₂/mm	$≥$ 13	24	满足

Table 2 Layout verification results of cargo door operation panel

Fig.10 Technical route of human-machine interface layout design of main display and control panel of cabin door

Fig.11 Human-machine interface layout of main display and control panel of cabin door

评价指标	标准值¹⁾	测量值	满足情况
触摸按键尺寸l、w/mm	15 ≤ l ≤ 50 15 ≤ w ≤ 40	l=24.30 w=15.15	满足满足
触摸按键间距a、b、c、d、e、f、g、h、i、j、k、m/mm	$≥$ 3	a=7.300	满足
		b=12.250	满足
		c=14.350	满足
		d=4.975	满足
		e=4.975	满足
		f=4.975	满足
		g=13.240	满足
		h=9.200	满足
		i=35.910	满足
		j=5.650	满足
		k=11.640	满足
		m=5.650	满足

Table 3 Layout verification results of main display and control panel of cabin door

Table 4 Survey questionnaire for icon semantics of main display and control panel of cabin door

Table 5 Score of availability indicators for main display and control panel of cabin door

Fig.12 Visual touch area simulation process for cabin door operation panel

Fig.13 Main dimension parameters of human body

Fig.14 Main dimension parameters of upper human body

Table 6 Values of main dimension parameters of human body

Table 7 Revised standing height and hand function length

Fig.15 Three-dimensional model of aircraft

Table 8 Installation position and positioning dimension of three-type cabin door operation panel

Fig.16 P95 male body model

Fig.17 P5 female body model

Fig.18 Simulation results of P95 male touch area of passenger door operation panel

Fig.19 Simulation results of P5 female touch area of passenger door operation panel

Fig.20 Simulation results of P95 male touch area of cargo door operation panel

Fig.21 Simulation results of P5 female touch area of cargo door operation panel

Fig.22 Simulation results of P95 male touch area of main display and control panel of cabin door

Fig.23 Simulation results of P5 female touch area of main display and control panel of cabin door


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