IFC-based data visualization of 3D Tiles for buildings

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.06.004

Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)

2019, Vol. 53

Issue (6): 1047-1056 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.06.004

Civil and St ructural Engineering

IFC-based data visualization of 3D Tiles for buildings

Zhao XU1(

),Lu ZHANG1,Hua SUO2,Ying-zi CHI3

1. School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China
2. School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510000, China
3. Nanjing Tech University Pujiang Institute, Nanjing 210000, China

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Abstract

In view of the shortcomings of the network transmission and browser rendering in current BIM and GIS integration schemes, 3D Tiles in the GIS domain was chosen as the research object considering that it is more suitable to be loaded on webpages; the method was proposed to convert IFC to 3D Tiles for BIM models and to load BIM data quickly on Web; meanwhile, the integrated solution was analyzed to show BIM-GIS data massively on Web. The IFC data was taken as the starting point and splits BIM data according to the building component categories, and the geometry information and the semantic attributes were obtained. The geometry information file was converted by the intermediate format and finally encapsulated with the semantic attribute file to form 3D Tiles data with BIM semantic attributes. The coordinate conversion, data mapping, spatial index and levels of detail (LOD) hierarchical division are completed during the conversion process to ensure fast and efficient rendering interaction of BIM data and geographical feature data in the 3D WebGIS framework.

Key words： industry foundation class (IFC) 3D Tiles 3D WebGIS building information modeling (BIM) building data integration

Received: 11 December 2018 Published: 22 May 2019

CLC:

TU 205

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Cite this article:

Zhao XU,Lu ZHANG,Hua SUO,Ying-zi CHI. IFC-based data visualization of 3D Tiles for buildings. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(6): 1047-1056.

URL:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.06.004 OR http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2019/V53/I6/1047

基于工业基础类的建筑物3D Tiles数据可视化

针对目前建筑信息模型（BIM）与地理信息系统（GIS）集成方案网络传输与浏览器渲染能力的不足，选择GIS领域更适合Web端加载的三维瓦片数据作为研究目标，提出BIM模型从工业基础类（IFC）向3D Tiles数据格式的转化方法和在Web端快速加载BIM模型的思路，并对GIS和BIM在Web端的大体量数据集成方案进行研究. 针对IFC标准模型数据，根据建筑构件划分标准对数据进行拆分，得到几何信息文件和语义属性文件. 几何信息文件经中间格式转换，最终与语义属性文件封装为保留有BIM语义属性的三维瓦片数据. 在转换过程中完成了坐标转换、数据映射、空间索引以及多细节层级（LOD）划分，实现了BIM数据和地理要素数据在三维WebGIS框架下快速、高效的渲染交互.

关键词： 工业基础类（IFC）, 三维瓦片, 三维WebGIS, 建筑信息模型（BIM）, 建筑物, 数据集成

Fig.1 Research methodology of data visualization of 3D Tiles based on industry foundation class（IFC）

Fig.2 Conversion process map of IFC to 3D Tiles

Fig.3 Leveled structure of glTF data

Fig.4 File hear and body structure of tile data b3dm

Fig.5 Correspondence between tile unit data and 3D tiles structure

Fig.6 Split global model to IFC and JSON property files

Fig.7 Mapping process of element attribute data to model

Fig.8 Tile-based spatial index structure of quadtree，k-d tree，octree and grid

Fig.9 Perspective frustum in model rendering process

Fig.10 Side view of frustum in model rendering process

Fig.11 Frustum culling in model rendering process

Fig.12 Backface culling in model rendering process

Fig.13 Retrieve tile nodes with scene dispatch algorithm

Fig.14 Frame rate（non-culled）in model rendering process

Fig.15 Frame rate（culling）in model rendering process

Tab.1 List of window components for experimental model

Tab.2 Loading situation of LOD hierarchy models

Fig.16 3D earth scene in Cesium frame

Fig.17 Close and distant views of experimental model in Cesium

Fig.18 Elements and attributes scene of experimental model in Cesium


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