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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2023, Vol. 57 Issue (8): 1680-1688    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.08.020
机械工程、能源工程     
磁悬浮无轴离心泵叶轮转子动力学特性
陈晓丹(),吴澳,赵睿杰*(),徐恩翔
江苏大学 流体机械工程技术研究中心，江苏 镇江 212013
Rotor dynamics of impeller in a magnetic suspension bearingless centrifugal pump
Xiao-dan CHEN(),Ao WU,Rui-jie ZHAO*(),En-xiang XU
Fluid Machinery Engineering Technology Research Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
 全文: PDF(3524 KB)   HTML
摘要：

为了实现磁悬浮无轴离心泵在高速工况下的稳定悬浮，探究离心泵水力激振力对叶轮转子悬浮特性的影响. 对于电机系统，采用虚位移方法构建电机处于转子偏心状态下的悬浮力数学模型并采用有限元法(FEM)进行验证；对于离心泵系统，应用计算流体力学(CFD)方法进行离心泵内部流场数值模拟，重点探究叶轮处于不同轴向、径向悬停位置下的水力激振力特性，同时探究叶轮在不同转速工况下的运行特性；结合现代控制理论中的矢量控制策略，在Matlab/Simulink环境下实现磁悬浮无轴离心泵叶轮转子的动态稳定悬浮. 研究结果表明：在体积流量14 m3/h和扬程20 m的工况下，当电机在转速0~6000 r/min运行时，叶轮转子径向偏移小于250 μm，远小于转子和定子间气隙4 mm，可见所建立的磁悬浮无轴离心泵系统能实现高可靠性的悬浮运行.
关键词： 无轴离心泵;  磁悬浮;  有限元法(FEM);  计算流体力学(CFD);  水力激振;  矢量控制    
Abstract:

The effect of flow-induced force on the stability of impeller rotor in a magnetic suspension bearingless centrifugal pump was studied in order to achieve stable suspension performance at high rotation speed. For the motor system, a mathematical model based on the principle of virtual displacement method was developed to calculate the magnetic suspension force of the motor when the rotor was eccentric, and the finite element method (FEM) was used to verify the proposed model. Meanwhile, for the centrifugal pump system, the flow field was simulated based on the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The hydralic excitation force characteristics of the impeller in different axial and radial hovering positions were studied, and the operating characteristics of the impeller at different speed conditions were also explored. Finally, combined with vector control methods in modern control theory, the dynamic stable suspension of the impeller in magnetic suspension bearingless centrifugal pump was conducted on the Matlab/Simulink software platform. Results show that the radial vibration of the impeller rotor was controlled below 250 μm, which was far smaller than the 4 mm of air gap between the rotor and stator when the motor rotated at 0~6000 r/min with the designed conditions of volume flow rate of 14 m3/h and head of 20 m. It is indicated that the magnetic suspension bearingless centrifugal pump system can achieve high-reliability suspension operation with high reliability.
Key words: bearingless centrifugal pump    magnetic suspension    finite element method (FEM)    computational fluid dynamics(CFD)    flow-inducted vibration    vector control
收稿日期: 2022-10-12 出版日期: 2023-08-31
CLC:  TH 311  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52176038)；江苏省重点研发计划资助项目(BE2021073)
通讯作者: 赵睿杰     E-mail: 2212011003@stmail.ujs.edu.cn;rjzhao@ujs.edu.cn
作者简介: 陈晓丹（1998—），女，硕士生，从事流体机械内流特性、永磁电机电磁性能研究. orcid.org/0000-0001-9371-8887.E-mail： 2212011003@stmail.ujs.edu.cn
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陈晓丹
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引用本文:

陈晓丹,吴澳,赵睿杰,徐恩翔. 磁悬浮无轴离心泵叶轮转子动力学特性[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2023, 57(8): 1680-1688.

Xiao-dan CHEN,Ao WU,Rui-jie ZHAO,En-xiang XU. Rotor dynamics of impeller in a magnetic suspension bearingless centrifugal pump. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2023, 57(8): 1680-1688.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2023.08.020    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2023/V57/I8/1680

图 1  磁悬浮无轴离心泵结构图
图 2  径向悬浮力产生原理
图 3  磁悬浮无轴离心泵的控制系统
结构参数 变量 数值
叶片数 Z 6
叶轮进口直径 ${D_{10}}$/mm 36
叶片出口角 ${\beta _{\text{1}}}$/（°） 25
叶轮出口直径 ${D_{11}}$/mm 70
叶片包角 $\alpha _1$/（°） 120
叶轮出口宽度 ${b_2}$/mm 10
泵进口直径 $ {D_{{\text{01}}}} $/mm 40
蜗壳基圆直径 ${D_0}$/mm 78
泵出口直径 ${D_{02}}$/mm 36
蜗壳出口宽度 ${b_3}$/mm 18
表 1  离心泵结构设计参数
图 4  离心泵的水力模型与网格造型
图 5  网格无关性分析
结构参数 变量 数值
定子外径 ${D_1}$/mm 170
气隙长度 ${g_{\text{s}}}$/mm 4
定子内径 ${D_{{\text{i1}}}}$/mm 76
转子外径 ${D_2}$/mm 68
永磁体厚度 ${L_{\text{m}}}$/mm 4
转子内径 ${D_{{\text{i2}}}}$/mm 30
转矩绕组匝数 ${N_4}$/匝 120
转子轴长 $L$/mm 30
悬浮绕组匝数 ${N_2}$/匝 120
表 2  电机结构设计参数
图 6  BPMSM磁场分布图
I/A F1/N F2/N e0/%
1 32.61 31.69 4.04
2 65.22 62.59 4.06
3 97.81 92.16 5.71
4 130.41 120.02 7.82
5 163.02 148.07 8.93
6 195.62 169.96 12.80
表 3  有限元仿真与理论计算的总悬浮力对比结果
图 7  有限元仿真与理论计算的悬浮分力对比结果图
图 8  叶轮偏移方向示意图
图 9  离心泵内部流速分布图
图 10  模型泵效率、扬程曲线图
图 11  叶轮径向水力激振力 ${F_{\text{r}}}$时域分布图
图 13  叶轮径向水力激振力分量 ${F_{y}}$时频域分布图
图 12  叶轮径向水力激振力分量 ${F_{x}}$时频域分布图
图 14  不同转速下离心泵的效率、径向力分布图
图 15  系统转矩、转速响应曲线
图 16  未加载离心泵时系统径向位移仿真结果
图 17  加载离心泵时系统径向位移仿真结果
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