The external pressure of coaches was simulated based on one-dimensional, compressible, non-homentropic and unsteady flow model and the method of characteristics of generalized Riemann variables aiming at problems of static air tightness parameters being not able to truly reflect air tightness performance and inside pressure comfort when the train passing through tunnels. The leaked air mass flow was corrected, and the equivalent leakage area method was used to obtain the interior pressure while the high-speed train passing through the tunnel. The maximum dynamic equivalent leakage area values of the different coaches were analyzed based on the background of Mountain passenger dedicated line while the pressure inside coaches meeting different comfort standards. The recommended dynamic equivalent leakage area values for the single train meeting different comfort standards at different speeds were given. The dynamic equivalent leakage area is the smallest when the pressure inside cars meets the standard of 1 000 Pa/10 s. The minimum equivalent leakage area values decrease with the increase of train speed. The recommended threshold values of the equivalent leakage area for the first/last and middle coaches are 23.2 cm2 and 45.6 cm2, respectively.
You-cai WAN,Lei ZHANG,Ming LI,Bin LIU,Yuan-gui MEI. Maximum dynamic equivalent leakage area while high-speed train passing through tunnels. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(4): 695-703.
Fig.1Schematic diagram of equivalent leakage model
Fig.2Flow chart for estimating threshold of equivalent leakage area of coaches
Fig.3Comparison between program calculation results and full scale testing results
类别
L /m
S /m2
C /m
v /（km·h?1）
动车组
401.4
11.95
12.83
380
隧道
2812
100.0
35.45
?
Tab.1Parameters of full scale testing
Fig.4Comparison between program calculation results and static testing results
类别
S /m2
C /m
Vd /m3
Vp /m3
Vm /m3
动车组
12.10
13.16
4.5
101.0
183.0
隧道
100.0
38.43
?
?
?
Tab.2Parameters of train and tunnel
Fig.5Pressure history of internal and external of car and maximum pressure change of internal car per 3 s
Fig.6Threshold values of equivalent leakage area curve complying with different comfort standards
隧道类型
LTU /km
中长隧道
1.0，2.0
长隧道
3.0，4.0，5.0，6.0，7.0，8.0，9.0，10.0
特长隧道
15.0，20.0
Tab.3Table of different lengths tunnels for simulation
cm2
标准
头车
中间车
尾车
500 Pa/s
127.1
189.4
129.4
800 Pa/3 s
71.0
119.4
71.1
1000 Pa/10 s
33.2
56.3
29.2
Tab.4Minimum threshold values of equivalent leakage area meeting different comfort standards
Fig.7Effect of train length on threshold values of equivalent leakage area
cm2
编组
头车
中间车
尾车
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
8
109.4
70.8
32.7
190.6
118.1
51.9
111.9
64.5
26.6
16
106.3
62.4
28.1
179.8
99.2
45.6
106.6
59.7
23.2
Tab.5Minimum threshold values of equivalent leakage area under different single train length
Fig.8Effect of train speed on threshold values of equivalent leakage area
cm2
v /（km·h?1）
头车
中间车
尾车
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
500 Pa /s
800 Pa /3 s
1000 Pa /10 s
250
231.9
113.5
62.6
441.0
218.7
92.3
238.7
122.6
43.1
300
164.0
85.2
42.3
259.4
153.7
73.4
176.3
93.9
36.6
350
127.1
71.0
33.2
189.4
119.4
56.3
129.4
71.1
29.2
400
106.3
62.4
28.1
179.8
99.2
45.6
106.6
59.7
23.2
Tab.6Minimum threshold values of equivalent leakage area while single train passing through tunnels
Fig.9Effect of tunnel length on threshold values of equivalent leakage area
km
v /（km·h?1）
LTU /km
基于头车最大正压
基于尾车最大负压
250
1.482
2.890
300
1.345
2.073
350
1.260
1.575
400
1.206
1.242
Tab.7Critical length of tunnels under different velocities
cm2
v / （km·h?1）
头车
中间车
尾车
500 Pa/s
800 Pa/3 s
1000 Pa/10 s
500 Pa/s
800 Pa/3 s
1000 Pa/10 s
500 Pa/s
800 Pa/3 s
1000 Pa/10 s
250
187.6
96.9
63.9
384.5
190.0
112.9
246.1
130.8
49.7
300
150.0
77.9
47.1
281.8
141.1
73.1
194.2
98.1
36.1
350
124.8
66.8
43.7
223.1
114.0
76.5
140.2
67.4
35.6
400
103.7
60.2
47.3
185.3
99.8
74.2
109.5
56.5
33.7
Tab.8Minimum threshold values of equivalent leakage area of single train at critical tunnels
cm2
v / （km·h?1）
头/尾车
中间车
500 Pa/s
800 Pa/3 s
1000 Pa/10 s
500 Pa/s
800 Pa/3 s
1000 Pa/10 s
250
187.6
96.9
43.1
384.5
190.0
92.3
300
150.0
77.9
36.1
259.4
141.1
73.1
350
124.8
66.8
29.2
189.4
114.0
56.3
400
103.7
56.5
23.2
179.8
99.2
45.6
Tab.9Recommended values of equivalent leakage area
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