IFC-based data visualization of 3D Tiles for buildings
Zhao XU1(),Lu ZHANG1,Hua SUO2,Ying-zi CHI3
1. School of Civil Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, China 2. School of Architecture & Urban Planning, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510000, China 3. Nanjing Tech University Pujiang Institute, Nanjing 210000, China
In view of the shortcomings of the network transmission and browser rendering in current BIM and GIS integration schemes, 3D Tiles in the GIS domain was chosen as the research object considering that it is more suitable to be loaded on webpages; the method was proposed to convert IFC to 3D Tiles for BIM models and to load BIM data quickly on Web; meanwhile, the integrated solution was analyzed to show BIM-GIS data massively on Web. The IFC data was taken as the starting point and splits BIM data according to the building component categories, and the geometry information and the semantic attributes were obtained. The geometry information file was converted by the intermediate format and finally encapsulated with the semantic attribute file to form 3D Tiles data with BIM semantic attributes. The coordinate conversion, data mapping, spatial index and levels of detail (LOD) hierarchical division are completed during the conversion process to ensure fast and efficient rendering interaction of BIM data and geographical feature data in the 3D WebGIS framework.
Zhao XU,Lu ZHANG,Hua SUO,Ying-zi CHI. IFC-based data visualization of 3D Tiles for buildings. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(6): 1047-1056.
Fig.1Research methodology of data visualization of 3D Tiles based on industry foundation class（IFC）
Fig.2Conversion process map of IFC to 3D Tiles
Fig.3Leveled structure of glTF data
Fig.4File hear and body structure of tile data b3dm
Fig.5Correspondence between tile unit data and 3D tiles structure
Fig.6Split global model to IFC and JSON property files
Fig.7Mapping process of element attribute data to model
Fig.8Tile-based spatial index structure of quadtree，k-d tree，octree and grid
Fig.9Perspective frustum in model rendering process
Fig.10Side view of frustum in model rendering process
Fig.11Frustum culling in model rendering process
Fig.12Backface culling in model rendering process
Fig.13Retrieve tile nodes with scene dispatch algorithm
Fig.14Frame rate（non-culled）in model rendering process
Fig.15Frame rate（culling）in model rendering process
类别
类型
类型标记
数量
中悬窗
900×900
C1527
108
凸窗-四扇-斜切
2 600×2 400
C1519
72
凸窗-三扇推拉-斜切
3 000×2 400
C1517
36
推拉窗
1 200×2 100
C1521
144
推拉窗1
1 800×2 100
C1520
90
欧式窗套窗1
1 800×2 100
C1530
32
转角凸窗-双层两列-斜切
1 200×2 400
C1523
36
Tab.1List of window components for experimental model
LOD层级
LOD1
LOD2
LOD3
LOD4
IFC类型
IfcSite
IfcBuilding IfcBuildingStorey
IfcWall IfcBeam IfcWindow IfcSlabIfcColumn
IfcRoof IfcDoor IfcStair
渲染类型
面
包围盒
体
体
加载情况
Tab.2Loading situation of LOD hierarchy models
Fig.163D earth scene in Cesium frame
Fig.17Close and distant views of experimental model in Cesium
Fig.18Elements and attributes scene of experimental model in Cesium
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