Simulation and experimental research on temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.062

Chin J Eng Design

2022, Vol. 29

Issue (4): 484-492 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.062

Modeling, Simulation, Analysis and Decision

Simulation and experimental research on temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch

Shao-yu TANG(

),Jie WU(

),Hui ZHANG,Bing-bing DENG,Yu-ming HUANG,Hao HUANG

School of Mechanical Engineering, Xihua University, Chengdu 610000, China

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Abstract

Aiming at the problem that the transmission torque decreases or even the magnetorheological fluid fails due to internal heat accumulation in the magnetorheological clutch during slip operation, the temperature distribution characteristics of a multipole magnetorheological clutch with excitation coils and permanent magnets superimposed were studied by combining simulation and experiment. Firstly, the heat source of multipole magnetorheological clutch was analyzed, and its temperature field mathematical model was established. Then, the finite element simulation method was used to simulate and analyze the temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch under the conditions of natural heat dissipation and forced air-cooling heat dissipation. Finally, the multipole magnetorheological clutch experimental platform was built to carry out the temperature characteristic test experiment. The results showed that the maximum allowable slip power was 160?170 W when the multipole magnetorheological clutch operated continuously under the condition of natural heat dissipation; under the condition of forced air-cooling heat dissipation, the maximum allowable slip power was 730?830 W; if the instantaneous slip power was 3 000 W, the allowable slip time was 280 s without failure of magnetorheological fluid. Regardless of the transient or steady state conditions, the lowest temperature of the multipole magnetorheological clutch occurred at the shaft end of the power input disc far away from the outer housing, and the highest temperature occurred at the second magnetorheological fluid working gap. When the way of forced air-cooling heat dissipation was adopted, the temperature rise speed of the multipole magnetorheological clutch decreased, so as to prolong its slip operation time. The research results provide a theoretical reference for the study of temperature distribution characteristics of magnetorheological devices.

Key words： magnetorheological clutch temperature field simulation analysis experimental verification

Received: 05 January 2022 Published: 05 September 2022

CLC:

TH 132

Corresponding Authors: Jie WU E-mail: xh_tsy@163.com;jiewu09323@mail.xhu.edu.cn

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Cite this article:

Shao-yu TANG,Jie WU,Hui ZHANG,Bing-bing DENG,Yu-ming HUANG,Hao HUANG. Simulation and experimental research on temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch. Chin J Eng Design, 2022, 29(4): 484-492.

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https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2022.00.062 OR https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/Y2022/V29/I4/484

多极式磁流变离合器温度场仿真与实验研究

针对磁流变离合器在滑差工作时因内部热量聚集而造成传递力矩下降甚至磁流变液失效的问题，采用仿真与实验相结合的方法对一种励磁线圈与永磁体相叠加的多极式磁流变离合器的温度分布特性进行研究。首先，分析了多极式磁流变离合器的热量来源，并建立了其温度场数学模型。然后，利用有限元模拟方法对多极式磁流变离合器在自然散热与强制风冷散热条件下的温度场进行了仿真分析。最后，通过搭建多极式磁流变离合器实验平台开展了温度特性测试实验。结果表明：多极式磁流变离合器在自然散热条件下连续滑差运行时，允许的最大滑差功率为160~170 W；在强制风冷散热条件下连续滑差运行时，允许的最大滑差功率为730~830 W；若瞬时滑差功率为3 000 W，则在磁流变液不失效的情况下允许的滑差时间为280 s。无论是瞬态还是稳态工况，多极式磁流变离合器的最低温度均出现在远离外壳体的动力输入盘轴端处，最高温度出现在第2个磁流变液工作间隙处。当采用强制风冷散热方式时，多极式磁流变离合器的温升速度降低，从而可延长其滑差运行时间。研究结果为磁流变装置的温度分布特性研究提供了理论参考。

关键词： 磁流变离合器, 温度场, 仿真分析, 实验验证

Fig.1 Structure diagram of multipole magnetorheological clutch

Fig.2 Dimensional parameters of multipole magnetorheological clutch

尺寸参数	数值
内定子宽度D₁/mm	25
外定子宽度D₂/mm	40
永磁体角度θ₁/( $°$ )	46
外定子角度θ₂/( $°$ )	50
动力输入盘内径r₁/mm	23.5
侧围板外径r₂/mm	130
磁流变液轴向长度z/mm	30
内定子厚度C₁/mm	13.5
外定子厚度C₂/mm	18
圆柱壳厚度d/mm	2
磁流变液工作间隙宽度h/mm	1
隔环厚度d₁/mm	6

Table 1 Dimensional parameter values of multipole magnetorheological clutch

部件	材料	密度ρ/(kg/m³)	热导率 $k$ /(W/(m²·℃))	比热容c/(J/(kg·℃))
动力输入盘	不锈钢	7 800	14	460
圆柱壳	20钢	7 800	48	460
工作间隙	磁流变液	3 550	1	1 006
动力输出盘	不锈钢	7 800	14	460
外壳体	不锈钢	7 800	14	460
定子	20钢	7 800	48	460
励磁线圈	纯铜	8 900	384	394
永磁体	钕铁硼	7 800	8.9	386

Table 2 Physical properties of materials used in multipole magnetorheological clutch

Fig.3 Steady state temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch under natural heat dissipation

Fig.4 Two-dimensional plane diagram of magnetorheological fluid working gap

Fig.5 Steady state temperature distribution of magnetorheological fluid at different working gaps

Fig.6 Steady state temperature distribution of magnetorheological fluid under different slip powers

Fig.7 Transient temperature distribution of magnetorheological fluid under different slip powers

Fig.8 Cloud diagram of cooling air velocity distribution of multipole magnetorheological clutch

Fig.9 Steady state temperature field of multipole magnetorheological clutch under forced air-cooling heat dissipation

Fig.10 Comparison of maximum transient temperature of excitation coil under different heat dissipation modes

Fig.11 Comparison of maximum transient temperature of magnetorheological fluid under different heat dissipation modes

Fig.12 Main equipment of multipole magnetorheological clutch temperature test experimental platform

Fig.13 Physical object of multipole magnetorheological clutch temperature test experimental platform

Fig.14 Transient temperature of multipole magnetorheological clutch under natural heat dissipation

Fig.15 Comparison of maximum transient temperature of excitation coil under natural heat dissipation

Fig.16 Transient temperature of multipole magnetorheological clutch under forced air-cooling heat dissipation

Fig.17 Comparison of maximum transient temperature of excitation coil under forced air-cooling heat dissiportion


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