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工程设计学报  2025, Vol. 32 Issue (3): 403-412    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.04.176
基础零部件设计     
仿竹鼠切齿沙柳平茬圆锯片的设计与试验分析
赵志飞(),刘志刚(),韩志武,裴承慧,宋天佑,马浩天
内蒙古工业大学 机械工程学院,内蒙古 呼和浩特 010051
Design and experimental analysis of circular saw blade for stubble-cutting Salix psammophila imitating bamboo rat incisors
Zhifei ZHAO(),Zhigang LIU(),Zhiwu HAN,Chenghui PEI,Tianyou SONG,Haotian MA
School of Mechanical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Technology, Hohhot 010051, China
 全文: PDF(4833 KB)   HTML
摘要:

圆锯片作为沙柳平茬作业的主要零件,在作业过程中存在锯切效率低、锯齿易磨损等问题。为此,对圆锯片的锯切过程进行了力学分析,并以竹鼠切齿为仿生原型,通过提取竹鼠切齿的轮廓特征曲线,设计了一种新型的仿生圆锯片。随后,建立了仿竹鼠切齿圆锯片的有限元模型,利用显示动力学软件LS-DYNA模拟锯切过程,对其力学性能进行了仿真分析,并与普通折背齿圆锯片进行了参数化对比。仿真结果表明,仿竹鼠切齿圆锯片的平均锯切力下降了19.17%,其中切向力、径向力分别下降了16.67%和10.68%,轴向力的波动较小,影响时间较短,同时锯切能耗降低了18.99%。锯切试验结果表明,仿竹鼠切齿圆锯片的锯切性能更优,其锯齿在切削过程中所受的压力和能耗均有所降低。所设计的新型仿生圆锯片为沙柳机械化平茬过程中圆锯片能耗大、易磨损的问题提供了新的解决方法。

关键词: 仿生圆锯片力学分析竹鼠切齿锯切试验    
Abstract:

The circular saw blade is the main component for stubble-cutting operation of Salix psammophila, but it suffers from problems such as low cutting efficiency and teeth prone to wear during operation. Therefore, a mechanical analysis was conducted on the sawing process of circular saw blades, and a new biomimetic circular saw blade was designed by extracting the contour characteristic curves of the bamboo rat incisors as the bionic prototype. Subsequently, a finite element model of the circular saw blade imitating bamboo rat incisors was established, and the explicit dynamics software LS-DYNA was employed to simulate the sawing process for analyzing its mechanical performance. Meanwhile, the parametric comparison was made with the ordinary circular saw blade with folded-back teeth. The simulation results showed that the average sawing force of the circular saw blade imitating bamboo rat incisors reduced by 19.17%, among which the tangential force and radial force decreased by 16.67% and 10.68%, respectively. It also exhibited smaller fluctuations in axial force with shorter impact duration and achieved an 18.99% reduction in sawing energy consumption. The sawing test results indicated that the circular saw blade imitating bamboo rat incisors delivered superior sawing performance while reducing pressure and energy consumption on the saw teeth during the cutting process. The newly designed biomimetic circular saw blade provides a novel solution to address the problems of high energy consumption and easy wear of circular saw blades in the mechanized stubble-cutting process for Salix psammophila.

Key words: biomimetic circular saw blade    mechanical analysis    bamboo rat incisor    sawing test
收稿日期: 2024-10-24 出版日期: 2025-07-02
CLC:  TG 729  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51665045);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2021MS05006)
通讯作者: 刘志刚     E-mail: 2865171062@qq.com;lzhg2008@126.com
作者简介: 赵志飞(1999—),男,硕士生,从事农牧业机械研究,E-mail: 2865171062@qq.com,https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4451-6374
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引用本文:

赵志飞,刘志刚,韩志武,裴承慧,宋天佑,马浩天. 仿竹鼠切齿沙柳平茬圆锯片的设计与试验分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2025, 32(3): 403-412.

Zhifei ZHAO,Zhigang LIU,Zhiwu HAN,Chenghui PEI,Tianyou SONG,Haotian MA. Design and experimental analysis of circular saw blade for stubble-cutting Salix psammophila imitating bamboo rat incisors[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2025, 32(3): 403-412.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.04.176        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2025/V32/I3/403

图1  竹鼠
图2  竹鼠切齿轮廓特征拟合曲线
图3  竹鼠切齿轮廓特征拟合曲线的一阶导数、二阶导数及曲率
图4  圆锯片锯切力的简化模型
图5  圆锯片的锯切仿真流程
参数齿数/个齿高/mm外径/mm厚度/mm
数值100105003
表1  圆锯片结构参数
图6  圆锯片三维模型
图7  仿竹鼠切齿圆锯片的锯切模型及其网格划分
属性参数圆锯片夹盘
密度ρ/(kg/m3)7 8207 850
弹性模量E/MPa2.11×1052.00×105
泊松比ν0.2880.300
屈服强度σ/MPa785
表2  圆锯片和夹盘的材料属性参数
图8  锯切过程中圆锯片的最大等效应力
图9  圆锯片锯切力对比
图10  圆锯片切向力对比
图11  圆锯片径向力对比
图12  圆锯片轴向力对比
图13  圆锯片锯切能耗对比
图14  锯切试验台
组别普通折背齿圆锯片仿竹鼠切齿圆锯片
平均锯切力/N相对误差/%平均锯切力/N相对误差/%
197.98-3.3179.47-3.43
298.57-2.7285.792.89
3105.153.8679.86-3.04
497.69-3.6086.863.96
5105.193.9079.13-3.77
6103.932.6486.013.11
797.04-4.2585.852.95
8104.743.4580.20-2.70
998.25-3.0479.88-3.02
10104.383.0985.993.09
表3  圆锯片的平均锯切力及其相对误差
图15  圆锯片的仿真与试验锯切力变化曲线对比
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