To reveal the combining mechanism of mechanical anchorage and bond, and to reduce the anchorage size and length, a refined rib-scale modeling approach was proposed based on the fact that the bond of deformed bars mainly comes from the mechanical interaction. Based on the finite element (FE) software DIANA 10.4, numerical simulations of three kinds of reinforcement pullout tests, where mechanical anchorage worked alone, bond worked alone and the two worked together, were carried out, respectively. Results show that the bond mechanism dominates the failure of hooked bar, which is caused by the shear failure of concrete keys between reinforcement ribs. The mechanical anchorage is controlled by local bearing mechanism, where the concrete beneath the anchor plate is under triaxial compression and the local compressive stress is more than three times of the uniaxial compressive strength. When mechanical anchorage and bond coexist, due to the position relationship between the reinforcement and anchor head, the bond plays a major role at the initial stage of loading, and with the increasing applied load, stress redistribution will occur in the anchorage zone where the mechanical anchorage and bond work together at the later stage. The load distribution ratio is mainly depended on the bond length and load level. Without assuming the bond-slip relationship, the macro-mechanical response and microscopic working mechanism of anchored bars can be well reflected by the rib-scale model.