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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (9): 1764-1771    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.018
计算机与信息工程     
基于多速度元胞自动机的海洋平台人员疏散
高瑾1,2(),龚景海1,2,*(),何军1,2
1. 上海交通大学 船舶海洋与建筑工程学院,上海 200240
2. 上海交通大学 上海市公共建筑和基础设施数字化运维重点实验室,上海 200240
Evacuation from offshore platform based on multi-velocity cellular automata
Jin GAO1,2(),Jing-hai GONG1,2,*(),Jun HE1,2
1. School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2. Shanghai Key Laboratory for Digital Maintenance of Buildings and Infrastructure, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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摘要:

为了研究海洋平台人员疏散过程,定量评估疏散方案的合理性,基于元胞自动机模型开发适用于海洋平台人员逃生疏散的仿真系统,提出在离散模型中精确考虑多种人员速度的方法. 使用真实海洋平台疏散实验数据校核模型参数,并对比商业软件maritimeEXODUS的计算结果,验证仿真系统的可行性. 从疏散时间和出口使用效率对无烟和有烟场景下的人员疏散结果进行对比和量化分析,并提出优化方案. 结果表明:有烟环境不仅折减人员移动速度,延长疏散时间,更会影响人员的路径选择,导致疏散不平衡.

关键词: 海洋平台元胞自动机多速度实景实验疏散时间出口使用率    
Abstract:

A cellular automaton-based system that is suitable for the evacuation from offshore platform was developed and a method to incorporate the variation of velocity in discrete model was proposed, in order to explore pedestrian evacuation dynamics on offshore platform and evaluate evacuation efficiency quantitatively. Model parameters were calibrated based on experiment results on real platform, and the feasibility of the simulation system was verified by comparing with maritimeEXODUS. Evacuation results in smoke-free and smoke scenarios on the platform were quantitatively analyzed and compared from evacuation time and exit efficiency, and an optimized evacuation plan was further proposed. Results show that the smoke environment not only reduces individual speed and extends evacuation time, but also affects personal route choice, inducing the imbalanced evacuation.

Key words: offshore platform    cellular automata    multi-velocity    real scene experiment    evacuation time    exit utilization rate
收稿日期: 2020-10-15 出版日期: 2021-10-20
CLC:  TP 391.9  
基金资助: 工业与信息化部《大型生活区人员应急和逃生技术研究》(MC-201620-H01-04)资助项目
通讯作者: 龚景海     E-mail: sjtujin@sjtu.edu.cn;gongjh@sjtu.edu.cn
作者简介: 高瑾(1993—),女,博士生,从事人员疏散仿真研究. orcid.org/0000-0001-8930-7487. E-mail: sjtujin@sjtu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

高瑾,龚景海,何军. 基于多速度元胞自动机的海洋平台人员疏散[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(9): 1764-1771.

Jin GAO,Jing-hai GONG,Jun HE. Evacuation from offshore platform based on multi-velocity cellular automata. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(9): 1764-1771.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.09.018        https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I9/1764

图 1  元胞自动机模型中的转移概率
图 2  疏散模型更新规则与步骤
图 3  各层甲板布置与人员分布示意图
图 4  海洋平台疏散过程照片
场景 V1 V2 V3 V4
1 1.78 1.58 1.42 1.97
2 1.34 1.95 1.61 2.19
表 1  平均疏散速度统计结果
图 5  不同场景的人员疏散路径
疏散场景 T/s TE/s TM/s
场景1 80 84 86
场景2 88 90 91
表 2  仿真系统与实验、maritimeEXODUS软件疏散时间对比
图 6  各层甲板已疏散人数随疏散时间的变化曲线
图 7  各出口已疏散人数随疏散时间的变化曲线.
图 8  各甲板已疏散人数随时间变化曲线
图 9  各出口已疏散人数随时间变化曲线
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