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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (11): 2085-2091    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.11.003
土木工程     
3D打印路径对混凝土拱桥结构力学性能的影响
孙晓燕1(),唐归1,王海龙1,*(),汪群2,张治成1
1. 浙江大学 建筑工程学院，浙江 杭州 310058
2. 浙江绿城建筑设计有限公司，浙江 杭州 310007
Effect of 3D printing path on mechanical properties of arch concrete bridge
Xiao-yan SUN1(),Gui TANG1,Hai-long WANG1,*(),Qun WANG2,Zhi-cheng ZHANG1
1. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
2. Zhejiang Greentown Architectural Design Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310007, China
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摘要：

为了分析打印路径对3D打印混凝土拱桥力学性能的影响机制，采用CT技术对3D打印混凝土进行微观扫描分析，探讨打印路径对成型后结构孔隙空间分布的影响规律，得到层间、条间缺陷层的近似孔隙率.基于数值模拟分析，对比纵向打印、组合打印、横向打印以及浇筑对混凝土拱桥结构承载性能的影响规律. 结果表明：打印路径直接影响层间缺陷和条间缺陷的数量和分布，打印拱结构的承载能力与打印体的孔隙率线性相关. 条间缺陷对承载能力的影响明显大于层间. 纵向打印路径数值模拟与模型试验结果吻合良好，峰值荷载相对误差为8.0%，跨中位移相对误差为11.9%，破坏形态与失效位置一致. 对于拱桥结构，纵向打印的缺陷类型以层间为主，且缺陷层总面积最小，承载力性能最好.
关键词： 3D打印;  混凝土;  拱桥;  承载性能;  CT扫描    
Abstract:

The CT scanning technology was adopted to analyze the microstructure of a 3D printed concrete in order to figure out the influence of printing path on the mechanical properties of the 3D printed concrete arch bridge. The effect of printing path on the pore distribution of printed arch structure was investigated, and the approximate porosities of interlayer and inter-strip were obtained on the basis of canned images. Based on the fine finite element numerical simulation analysis, the effects of lengthwise printing, combination printing and horizontal printing on the bearing capacity were obtained and compared with that of cast-in-place concrete arch. The results show that the printing path has a direct effect on the distribution and the number of defects in the interlayers and strip layers. The amount of inter-strip defects is obviously lager than that in interlayers. The bearing capacity of printed arch is linearly related with the porosity of printed concrete. The lengthwise printing concrete arches were tested, the numerical simulation had a good agreement with the experimental result. The relative error of peak load was 8.0%, the relative error of mid span displacement was 11.9%, and the failure mode and failure position were consistent with the test results. For the lengthwise printed arch, the dominant defect originates from the interlayer, resulting the smallest defect area and largest bearing capacity.
Key words: 3D printing    concrete    arch bridge    bearing capacity    CT scanning
收稿日期: 2019-09-23 出版日期: 2020-12-15
CLC:  TU 375  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52079123）
通讯作者: 王海龙     E-mail: selina@zju.edu.cn;hlwang@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 孙晓燕（1976—），女，副教授，从事混凝土桥梁结构及智能建造技术研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-0708-9565. E-mail： selina@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

孙晓燕,唐归,王海龙,汪群,张治成. 3D打印路径对混凝土拱桥结构力学性能的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(11): 2085-2091.

Xiao-yan SUN,Gui TANG,Hai-long WANG,Qun WANG,Zhi-cheng ZHANG. Effect of 3D printing path on mechanical properties of arch concrete bridge. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(11): 2085-2091.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.11.003    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I11/2085

图 1  打印路径及打印成型混凝土层−条界面示意图
图 2  打印混凝土扫描与三维模型重构
图 3  3D打印混凝土的空间孔隙分布
图 4  拱桥模型尺寸
图 5  混凝土拱桥结构模型工况设置
区域 V/mm3 Po /% VP /mm3
层间缺陷 30 324 5 1 516
条间缺陷 8 960 8 717
非缺陷区 200 716 2.57 5 158
整体 240 000 3.08 7 391
表 1  打印混凝土数值分析的层条缺陷取值
图 6  层间缺陷和条间缺陷模拟分布
图 7  数值模拟所用的材料本构关系
工况 Nn Ne
浇筑模型 91 564 19 822
纵向打印 65 242 23 141
组合打印 81 814 28 627
横向打印 118 846 36 442
表 2  数值模拟模型中单元节点数和单元数
图 8  不同打印路径成型拱桥单元划分图
图 9  3D打印混凝土拱试验模型
图 10  模型试验与数值模拟的拱桥荷载−跨中位移曲线
图 11  数值模拟与模型试验的拱桥破坏形态对比
图 12  不同成型方式下拱体的荷载−跨中位移曲线
图 13  3D打印拱结构承载性能变化
图 14  不同成型方式拱桥结构最大主应力云图
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