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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）  2024, Vol. 50 Issue (5): 737-746    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.06.121
园艺科学     
洋桔梗萜类合成酶基因家族系统进化与表达分析
李昕苑(),梁雨薇,方慧仪,孙福辉,张亮生()
浙江大学农业与生物技术学院，观赏植物基因组与基因工程实验室，浙江 杭州 310058
Phylogenetic and expression analysis of terpenoid synthase gene family in Eustoma grandiflorum
Xinyuan LI(),Yuwei LIANG,Huiyi FANG,Fuhui SUN,Liangsheng ZHANG()
Genomics and Genetic Engineering Laboratory of Ornamental Plants, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
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摘要：

萜类化合物是花香物质的主要成分之一，其中萜类合成酶（terpenoid synthase, TPS）在萜类化合物合成过程中起关键作用。本研究利用生物信息学方法，共鉴定出26条洋桔梗TPS基因的全长序列，并对其分子进化、基因结构和表达模式等进行探究。结果表明：洋桔梗TPS基因可分为5个亚家族（TPS-a、TPS-b、TPS-g、TPS-e和TPS-f），并进一步细分成10个小分支。在这些分支中，只有TPS-a.1分支上有扩增，其他大多数分支都发生了基因丢失。基因共线性分析显示，在经历了2次全基因组复制事件后，洋桔梗仅有5组TPS共线性基因对被保留，而大部分经过基因组加倍的TPS基因对都发生了丢失，进一步支持了大多数洋桔梗TPS基因发生丢失的结论。转录组表达分析表明，在花瓣发育早期，只有EgTPS-g1、EgTPS-g2和EgTPS-g3少量表达，TPS-a、TPS-b亚家族成员在花瓣中不表达，可能是其缺乏花香的原因之一。未来的研究应该重点关注TPS-a和TPS-b亚家族成员，通过恢复这些亚家族基因的表达，有望赋予洋桔梗花香，从而提高其观赏价值。
关键词： 洋桔梗;  龙胆目;  萜类合成酶基因家族;  花香;  表达分析    
Abstract:

Terpenoids are one of the main components of floral fragrance, and terpenoid synthase (TPS) plays a key role in the synthesis of terpenoids. In this study, 26 full-length TPS genes were identified using bioinformatics methods, and their molecular evolution, gene structure, and expression patterns were analyzed. The results revealed that the TPS genes of Eustoma grandiflorum could be classified into five subfamilies (TPS-a, TPS-b, TPS-g, TPS-e, and TPS-f), which were further divided into 10 smaller clades. Among these clades, only the TPS-a.1 clade exhibited amplification, while most of the other clades presented gene loss. Collinearity analysis of genes demonstrated that five collinear gene pairs were formed through two recent whole genome duplication events in E. grandiflorum, and most of the TPS genes were lost, further supporting the conclusion that most TPS genes in E. grandiflorum have been lost. Transcriptome expression analysis showed that only EgTPS-g1, EgTPS-g2, and EgTPS-g3 were expressed in the early stages of petal development, and TPS-a and TPS-b subfamily members were not expressed in the petals of E. grandiflorum, likely contributing to the lack of floral fragrance. Future research should focus on TPS-a and TPS-b subfamily members and restore the expression of these subfamily genes, which are expected to give the floral fragrance to E. grandiflorum and thus improve its ornamental value.
Key words: Eustoma grandiflorum    Gentianales    terpenoid synthase (TPS) gene family    floral fragrance    expression analysis
收稿日期: 2023-06-12 出版日期: 2024-10-25
CLC:  S681.9  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32272750)
通讯作者: 张亮生     E-mail: 22116275@zju.edu.cn;zls83@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 李昕苑（https://orcid.org/0009-0002-1965-3573），E-mail：22116275@zju.edu.cn
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李昕苑
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引用本文:

李昕苑,梁雨薇,方慧仪,孙福辉,张亮生. 洋桔梗萜类合成酶基因家族系统进化与表达分析[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2024, 50(5): 737-746.

Xinyuan LI,Yuwei LIANG,Huiyi FANG,Fuhui SUN,Liangsheng ZHANG. Phylogenetic and expression analysis of terpenoid synthase gene family in Eustoma grandiflorum. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2024, 50(5): 737-746.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.06.121    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2024/V50/I5/737

图1  TPS基因家族系统发育树
图2  TPS家族基因数量统计数字代表不同物种中不同亚家族TPS基因的个数。
图3  洋桔梗TPS家族的保守基序（A）和保守结构域（B）分析
图4  洋桔梗TPS家族基因的染色体定位和共线性分析从外圈到内圈分别表示基因密度、染色体和共线性区域（红线表示具有共线性的TPS基因对）。图例表示基因密度，蓝色到红色的渐变代表从低密度到高密度。
图5  洋桔梗TPS基因的表达分析A.洋桔梗TPS基因在2个品种不同发育时期的表达情况；B.洋桔梗EgTPS-g1、EgTPS-g2、EgTPS-g3和EgTPS-a16基因在2个品种不同发育时期的表达情况。S1～S4分别表示花蕾期、初花期Ⅰ、初花期Ⅱ和盛花期。FPKM：每千个碱基的转录每百万映射读取的片段。
图6  洋桔梗TPS基因的顺式作用元件预测
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