光伏板下不同大豆品种苗期适宜性筛选

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.02.212

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2023, Vol. 49

Issue (4): 535-546 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.02.212

研究论文

光伏板下不同大豆品种苗期适宜性筛选

陈开俊¹(

),张吉善²,韩科峰¹,罗幻¹,马庆旭¹,吴良欢¹(

)

^1.浙江大学环境与资源学院, 污染环境修复与生态健康教育部重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310058
^2.国网浙江省电力有限公司湖州供电公司, 浙江湖州 313300

Suitability screening of soybean varieties at seedling stage under photovoltaic panels

Kaijun CHEN¹(

),Jishan ZHANG²,Kefeng HAN¹,Huan LUO¹,Qingxu MA¹,Lianghuan WU¹(

)

^1.Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^2.Huzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Electric Power Co. , Ltd. , Huzhou 313300, Zhejiang, China

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摘要：

为探究光伏环境下不同大豆品种的苗期适宜性，对日光温室内光伏板下31个大豆品种（浙江省主推品种）进行适宜性评价（以无光伏板作为对照），分析光伏设施荫蔽对大豆苗期生长的影响，并通过耐荫性评价模型和聚类分析综合判断各大豆品种对光伏环境的适应能力。在移栽后30 d，测定大豆苗期的20个生长形态、生物量及生理指标，计算各性状的耐荫系数，并通过主成分分析、隶属函数法及聚类分析，把大豆的多个性状指标转化为6个新的综合且各自独立的指标，其权重分别为0.251、0.229、0.170、0.138、0.126、0.115。根据综合评价值（D值），光伏板下31个大豆品种苗期适宜性可分为强、良好、差3类，其中：9个品种为适宜性强，分别为八月拔、东山白马豆、兰溪大青豆、嘉丰绿皮豆、沙心豆、特泛豆1号、浙鲜9号、浙鲜12号、浙春14号；12个品种为适宜性良好；10个品种为适宜性差。本研究为农光互补体系下保障大豆的生长和产量提供了理论参考和适宜性品种。

关键词： 太阳能; 光伏农业; 光伏板构架; 大豆

Abstract:

In order to investigate the suitability of different soybean varieties at seedling stage under a photovoltaic environment, the suitability evaluation of 31 soybean varieties (mainly promoted varieties in Zhejiang Province) was conducted under photovoltaic panels in a solar greenhouse (taking no photovoltaic panels as a control), and the effects of photovoltaic shading on soybean seedling growth were analyzed. The adaptability of soybean varieties to photovoltaic environments was comprehensively evaluated by shade tolerance evaluation model and cluster analysis. After 30 days of transplantation, 20 morphological, physiological and biomass indexes of soybeans were measured, and the shade tolerance coefficient of each trait was calculated. Through principal component analysis, membership function method and cluster analysis, the multiple traits of soybeans were transformed into six new comprehensive and independent indexes with weights of 0.251, 0.229, 0.170, 0.138, 0.126, and 0.115. According to the comprehensive evaluation value (D value), 31 soybean varieties were divided into three types: 9 materials were highly suitable, and 12 materials were moderately suitable, and 10 materials were poorly suitable. The highly suitable varieties included Bayueba, Dongshanbaimadou, Lanxidaqingdou, Jiafenglüpidou, Shaxindou, Tefandou 1, Zhexian 9, Zhexian 12, and Zhechun 14. The study provides a theoretical reference and suitable varieties for ensuring soybean growth and yield under an agriculture-light complementary system.

Key words: solar energy photovoltaic agriculture photovoltaic panel framework soybean

收稿日期: 2023-02-21 出版日期: 2023-08-25

CLC:

S565.1

基金资助: 国网浙江省电力有限公司双创项目(C511JZ20000A);浙江省科技计划项目(2022C02018)

通讯作者: 吴良欢 E-mail: 22014117@zju.edu.cn;finm@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 陈开俊（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1024-9366），E-mail：22014117@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

陈开俊,张吉善,韩科峰,罗幻,马庆旭,吴良欢. 光伏板下不同大豆品种苗期适宜性筛选[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2023, 49(4): 535-546.

Kaijun CHEN,Jishan ZHANG,Kefeng HAN,Huan LUO,Qingxu MA,Lianghuan WU. Suitability screening of soybean varieties at seedling stage under photovoltaic panels. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2023, 49(4): 535-546.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2023.02.212 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2023/V49/I4/535

供试材料 Tested material	指标Index
供试材料 Tested material	m_ld	m_sd	m_rd	PH	HL	SD	LT	SPAD	Chl a	Chl b	Car	F_o $′$	F_m $′$	F_v $′$ /F_m $′$	NPQ	qP	P_n	G_s	C_i	T_r
极早2号 Jizao 2	0.64	0.71	0.63	1.54	1.78	0.75	0.85	0.98	1.06	1.06	0.98	1.17	1.25	1.10	3.69	0.94	0.64	0.42	1.04	0.56
1263	0.65	0.64	0.79	1.92	1.12	0.79	0.83	0.97	1.39	1.54	1.34	1.17	1.31	1.09	3.31	0.97	0.81	1.13	1.26	1.37
长江考1号 Changjiangkao 1	0.97	0.73	0.86	1.83	1.27	0.72	0.66	0.86	0.81	1.15	0.83	1.17	1.29	1.09	3.08	0.95	0.56	0.45	1.04	0.64
开心绿 Kaixinlü	0.90	0.96	0.89	1.37	1.15	0.97	0.66	1.05	1.34	1.41	1.22	1.14	1.25	1.12	2.91	0.92	0.57	0.26	0.91	0.43
早熟王 Zaoshuwang	0.63	0.69	0.77	1.73	1.01	0.73	0.46	0.84	1.17	1.25	1.06	1.14	1.16	1.14	3.78	0.88	0.73	0.41	1.01	0.63
浙春4号 Zhechun 4	0.83	0.69	0.71	2.79	1.24	0.92	0.85	0.93	1.03	1.22	0.77	1.13	1.15	1.18	3.75	0.87	0.72	0.53	0.97	0.66
科源特早 Keyuantezao	0.88	0.99	0.72	1.17	1.15	0.86	0.75	1.15	0.87	1.14	0.79	1.14	1.17	1.09	3.80	0.92	0.67	0.50	1.01	0.67
科源8号 Keyuan 8	0.86	0.83	0.83	1.52	1.44	0.72	0.56	0.86	0.56	1.23	0.57	1.12	1.19	1.05	3.62	0.91	0.54	0.54	1.18	0.81
浙鲜4号 Zhexian 4	0.66	0.73	0.71	0.67	1.27	0.89	0.96	0.82	1.05	1.56	1.02	1.11	1.20	1.13	3.63	0.93	0.66	0.55	1.06	0.71
浙鲜5号 Zhexian 5	0.77	0.64	0.89	1.20	1.27	0.10	0.62	0.88	0.85	1.63	0.72	1.08	1.23	1.12	3.37	0.97	0.71	0.47	1.01	0.65
浙鲜8号 Zhexian 8	0.72	0.96	0.84	1.66	1.16	0.84	0.65	0.89	0.63	1.20	0.78	1.08	1.25	1.14	3.19	0.94	0.62	0.67	1.22	0.83
浙鲜9号 Zhexian 9	0.96	0.90	0.90	2.30	1.25	0.70	0.61	0.97	1.28	1.86	1.23	1.09	1.24	1.05	3.11	0.94	0.81	1.77	1.39	2.30
浙鲜11号 Zhexian 11	0.88	0.83	0.63	1.26	1.67	0.84	0.54	0.91	1.05	1.16	1.13	1.01	1.23	1.18	3.26	0.92	0.61	0.56	0.90	0.50
浙鲜12号 Zhexian 12	0.87	0.82	0.44	1.23	1.02	0.96	0.61	1.04	1.48	0.96	1.05	1.15	1.21	1.02	3.07	0.88	0.92	1.57	1.15	1.52
八月青 Bayueqing	0.50	0.75	0.11	2.95	1.84	0.81	0.64	0.88	1.14	1.22	1.12	1.00	1.20	1.16	3.37	0.85	0.61	0.41	1.13	0.82
0922-1	0.84	0.82	0.73	1.54	1.07	0.89	0.78	0.96	1.34	1.35	1.31	1.09	1.21	1.08	3.34	0.97	0.71	1.39	1.41	0.99
里地豆儿 Lididouer	0.49	0.75	0.31	2.54	1.05	0.93	0.70	0.95	1.14	1.29	1.07	1.18	1.21	0.97	3.32	0.99	0.61	0.93	1.16	0.91
浙春14号 Zhechun 14	0.75	0.95	0.33	1.27	1.08	0.84	0.84	1.04	1.40	1.64	2.01	1.11	1.31	0.96	3.06	1.06	0.69	1.29	1.34	0.99
东丹青 Dongdanqing	0.83	0.65	0.82	1.95	1.22	0.66	0.70	0.97	1.21	1.21	1.62	1.19	1.31	1.02	3.15	0.98	0.63	1.29	1.34	1.20
AF-1	0.65	0.95	0.38	1.97	1.18	0.89	0.72	1.03	1.33	1.04	1.31	1.09	1.28	1.15	3.01	0.98	0.61	1.26	1.51	0.86
0942	0.78	0.62	0.53	1.83	1.06	0.67	0.67	0.77	1.07	1.22	1.07	1.28	1.21	1.28	3.45	0.87	0.99	1.85	1.25	1.39
兰溪大青豆 Lanxidaqingdou	0.77	0.89	0.69	1.68	1.37	0.97	0.64	1.13	1.50	1.10	23.10	1.14	1.12	1.04	3.86	0.83	0.95	0.90	1.10	1.05
八月拔 Bayueba	0.88	0.84	0.65	1.21	1.30	0.78	0.68	0.92	1.54	2.14	1.62	1.11	1.15	1.28	4.16	0.83	0.57	0.89	1.21	1.43
嘉丰绿皮豆 Jiafenglüpidou	0.65	0.72	0.97	1.51	1.22	0.84	0.68	0.89	1.39	1.55	1.34	1.11	1.10	1.18	4.21	0.86	0.94	1.73	1.24	1.24
特泛豆1号 Tefandou 1	0.95	0.76	0.83	1.28	1.16	0.79	0.75	0.90	1.41	1.52	1.28	1.10	1.20	1.19	3.34	0.94	0.92	1.50	1.15	1.32
乌豆 Wudou	0.80	0.71	0.75	2.70	1.29	0.91	0.91	1.16	1.02	1.00	0.97	1.03	1.17	1.25	3.52	0.91	0.60	0.68	1.07	0.75
东山白马豆 Dongshanbaimadou	0.57	0.62	0.89	1.01	1.12	0.95	0.97	0.96	1.39	1.63	1.34	1.14	1.15	1.00	3.57	0.90	0.72	2.15	1.14	1.78
厦门滕子豆 Xiamentengzidou	0.78	0.75	0.66	1.51	1.42	0.46	0.52	0.95	1.34	1.11	1.08	1.29	1.18	1.33	3.14	0.90	0.83	0.91	1.07	2.28
乌皮青仁 Wupiqingren	0.72	0.64	0.87	1.06	1.09	0.80	0.83	0.92	1.26	9.00	1.15	1.08	1.16	1.21	3.29	0.89	0.47	0.60	0.90	0.68
沙心豆 Shaxindou	0.64	0.83	0.51	1.66	1.13	0.71	0.59	1.45	1.15	1.92	1.14	1.11	1.17	1.20	3.58	0.92	0.79	1.49	1.09	1.35
江山白毛 Jiangshanbaimao	0.63	0.86	0.43	2.04	1.47	0.79	0.67	0.94	1.14	1.30	1.11	1.08	1.17	1.12	3.67	0.95	0.60	0.90	1.11	0.72

表1 大豆苗期各单项指标的耐荫系数

图1 不同环境下各波长光的相对强度A. 无光伏板下；B.光伏板下。

图2 大豆苗期各单项指标耐荫系数的相关性分析*表示在P＜0.05水平显著相关。

参量 Parameter		综合指标 Comprehensive index
参量 Parameter		CI₁	CI₂	CI₃	CI₄	CI₅	CI₆
特征值 Eigenvalue		3.452	3.146	2.330	1.907	1.735	1.168
贡献率 Contribution ratio/%		17.259	15.732	11.651	9.535	8.674	5.842
累计贡献率 Cumulative contribution ratio/%		17.259	32.992	44.642	54.178	62.852	68.694
特征向量 Eigenvector	m_ld	0.050	－0.054	－0.358	0.007	0.737	0.061
	m_sd	－0.003	－0.314	0.501	－0.085	0.652	0.172
	m_rd	－0.012	0.235	－0.569	0.380	0.352	－0.249
	PH	－0.088	－0.109	0.329	－0.495	－0.379	0.070
	HL	－0.504	0.145	0.204	－0.474	－0.099	0.027
	SD	0.099	0.000	0.690	0.404	0.024	－0.078
	LT	0.029	－0.109	0.141	0.668	－0.415	－0.179
	SPAD	0.192	－0.044	0.499	0.101	0.313	0.258
	Chl a	0.657	0.179	0.251	0.214	－0.043	0.273
	Chl b	－0.169	0.197	－0.216	0.618	－0.107	0.477
	Car	0.219	0.335	0.448	－0.030	0.346	－0.328
	F_o $′$	0.456	0.061	－0.424	－0.175	－0.042	－0.302
	F_m $′$	0.002	－0.883	－0.217	－0.099	0.010	－0.027
	F_v $′$ /F_m $′$	－0.164	0.544	－0.281	－0.226	－0.055	0.513
	NPQ	－0.075	0.746	0.208	0.053	－0.128	－0.293
	qP	0.040	－0.889	－0.108	0.133	－0.063	－0.071
	P_n	0.750	0.347	－0.058	－0.244	0.074	－0.194
	G_s	0.892	－0.011	－0.024	0.091	－0.170	0.092
	C_i	0.625	－0.445	0.120	－0.145	－0.167	0.030
	T_r	0.801	0.131	－0.209	－0.191	－0.033	0.248

表2 各综合指标的系数及贡献率

供试材料 Tested material	u(X₁)	u(X₂)	u(X₃)	u(X₄)	u(X₅)	u(X₆)	D值 D value	综合评价 Comprehensive evaluation
权重 Weight	0.251	0.229	0.170	0.138	0.126	0.115
极早2号 Jizao 2	0.000	0.434	0.611	0.463	0.445	0.127	0.334	适宜性差
1263	0.645	0.377	0.500	0.632	0.370	0.513	0.511	适宜性良好
长江考1号 Changjiangkao 1	0.025	0.098	0.312	0.471	0.658	0.290	0.254	适宜性差
开心绿 Kaixinlü	0.064	0.215	0.532	0.787	1.000	0.419	0.426	适宜性良好
早熟王 Zaoshuwang	0.140	0.598	0.485	0.534	0.543	0.197	0.413	适宜性良好
浙春4号 Zhechun 4	0.074	0.468	0.672	0.375	0.202	0.307	0.343	适宜性差
科源特早 Keyuantezao	0.112	0.430	0.509	0.696	0.831	0.206	0.431	适宜性良好
科源8号 Keyuan 8	0.003	0.292	0.302	0.471	0.607	0.271	0.283	适宜性差
浙鲜4号 Zhexian 4	0.146	0.525	0.376	0.970	0.629	0.250	0.455	适宜性良好
浙鲜5号 Zhexian 5	0.013	0.363	0.000	0.638	0.618	0.437	0.289	适宜性差
浙鲜8号 Zhexian 8	0.143	0.104	0.398	0.517	0.628	0.360	0.308	适宜性差
浙鲜9号 Zhexian 9	0.993	0.328	0.361	0.468	0.479	1.000	0.596	适宜性强
浙鲜11号 Zhexian 11	0.000	0.362	0.539	0.508	0.819	0.325	0.375	适宜性差
浙鲜12号 Zhexian 12	0.887	0.267	0.523	0.561	0.683	0.567	0.585	适宜性强
八月青 Bayueqing	0.015	0.299	0.988	0.000	0.000	0.547	0.287	适宜性差
0922-1	0.638	0.299	0.571	0.715	0.595	0.436	0.536	适宜性良好
里地豆儿 Lididouer	0.358	0.141	0.806	0.389	0.113	0.447	0.365	适宜性差
浙春14号 Zhechun 14	0.663	0.152	0.445	0.789	0.756	0.462	0.578	适宜性强
东丹青 Dongdanqing	0.612	0.237	0.512	0.468	0.557	0.327	0.457	适宜性良好
AF-1	0.558	0.000	0.816	0.414	0.442	0.525	0.436	适宜性良好
0942	0.820	0.485	0.337	0.404	0.267	0.485	0.505	适宜性良好
兰溪大青豆 Lanxidaqingdou	0.582	0.885	1.000	0.495	0.897	0.000	0.700	适宜性强
八月拔 Bayueba	0.498	1.000	0.537	0.873	0.667	0.673	0.707	适宜性强
嘉丰绿皮豆 Jiafenglüpidou	0.759	0.962	0.519	0.738	0.433	0.328	0.683	适宜性强
特泛豆1号 Tefandou 1	0.735	0.530	0.353	0.756	0.692	0.561	0.605	适宜性强
乌豆 Wudou	0.148	0.343	0.761	0.374	0.297	0.350	0.364	适宜性差
东山白马豆 Dongshanbaimadou	1.000	0.661	0.399	1.000	0.396	0.521	0.702	适宜性强
厦门滕子豆 Xiamentengzidou	0.733	0.518	0.208	0.236	0.605	0.761	0.511	适宜性良好
乌皮青仁 Wupiqingren	0.182	0.429	0.416	0.753	0.724	0.181	0.425	适宜性良好
沙心豆 Shaxindou	0.629	0.565	0.572	0.687	0.493	0.873	0.616	适宜性强
江山白毛 Jiangshanbaimao	0.207	0.412	0.755	0.416	0.343	0.399	0.409	适宜性良好

表3 各供试材料的u(Xj )、权重、D值及综合评价结果

图3 31个大豆材料的聚类树状图

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