RNA甲基化修饰<i>N</i><sup>6</sup>-甲基腺苷调控病毒感染的研究进展

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.213

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2021, Vol. 47

Issue (4): 481-491 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.213

综述

RNA甲基化修饰N⁶-甲基腺苷调控病毒感染的研究进展

吉春苗^1,²(

),黄耀伟¹(

)

^1.浙江大学动物科学学院动物预防医学研究所，杭州 310058
^2.岭南现代农业科学与技术广东省实验室肇庆分中心，广东肇庆 526238

Research advances on the regulation of viral infection by N⁶-methyladenosine of RNA methylation modification

Chunmiao JI^1,²(

),Yaowei HUANG¹(

)

^1.Institute of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
^2.Zhaoqing Branch Center of Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, Zhaoqing 526238, Guangdong, China

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摘要：

N⁶-甲基腺苷（N⁶-methyladenosine, m⁶A）是真核生物信使RNA（messenger RNA, mRNA）最广泛的修饰方式之一，在RNA代谢和功能方面发挥重要作用。最近的研究相继发现m⁶A在多种病毒复制周期中发挥作用，同时影响宿主对病毒感染的应答。宿主与病毒的互作关系受m⁶A修饰的影响，一方面m⁶A修饰病毒RNA，调控病毒的复制、基因表达及子代病毒产量；另一方面宿主细胞mRNA m⁶A修饰的改变可以参与调控病毒感染。m⁶A调控蛋白的发现以及m⁶A测序方法的发明，使得关于病毒m⁶A的报道大量涌现，然而m⁶A修饰在病毒感染中的具体作用机制至今尚未完全阐明。本文综述了近年来m⁶A修饰在病毒感染及宿主应答中的作用，旨在为今后进一步深入探索m⁶A调控病毒感染的功能和机制提供参考。

关键词： N⁶-甲基腺苷; 病毒; 感染; 调控; 宿主应答

Abstract:

N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) is one of the most abundant messenger RNA (mRNA) modification methods in eukaryotes, and it plays an important role in RNA metabolism and function. The recent studies have revealed that m⁶A modification play roles in the life cycles of various viruses and in the host response to the viral infection. The interaction between host and virus is affected by m⁶A modification. On the one hand, m⁶A modifies viral RNA and regulate virus replication, gene expression and progeny virus production. On the other hand, changes of m⁶A modification in the cellular mRNAs can regulate viral infection. With the discovery of m⁶A regulatory proteins and the invention of m⁶A sequencing methods, a large number of reports on the viral m⁶A have emerged. However, the mechanisms of m⁶A modification in the viral infection have not been thoroughly elucidated. In this paper, we reviewed the recent advances in the different roles of m⁶A modification in the viral infection and host responses, in order to provide references for further studies on the functions and corresponding mechanisms of m⁶A during viral infection.

Key words: N⁶-methyladenosine (m⁶A) virus infection regulation host response

收稿日期: 2020-08-21 出版日期: 2021-09-02

CLC:

S 855.3

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金(32041003)

通讯作者: 黄耀伟 E-mail: jichunmiaomiao@163.com;yhuang@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 吉春苗（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0384-8176），E-mail：jichunmiaomiao@163.com

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引用本文:

吉春苗,黄耀伟. RNA甲基化修饰N⁶-甲基腺苷调控病毒感染的研究进展[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2021, 47(4): 481-491.

Chunmiao JI,Yaowei HUANG. Research advances on the regulation of viral infection by N⁶-methyladenosine of RNA methylation modification. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2021, 47(4): 481-491.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2020.08.213 或 http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2021/V47/I4/481

图1 m6A修饰的分子机制和功能WTAP：肾母细胞瘤1相关蛋白；METTL3：甲基转移酶样蛋白3；METTL14：甲基转移酶样蛋白14；RBM15/15B：RNA结合基序蛋白15/15B；VIRMA：病毒样m6A甲基转移酶相关蛋白；ZC3H13：包含CCCH锌指结构域蛋白13；FTO：脂肪与肥胖相关蛋白；ALKBH5：AlkB同源蛋白5；hnRNPA2/B1：核内不均一核糖核蛋白A2/B1；FMRP：脆性X智力障碍蛋白；IGF2BP：胰岛素生长因子2结合蛋白；eIF3：真核起始因子3。

表1 m6A在不同病毒感染中的作用

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