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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (11): 2248-2254    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.11.024
电气工程     
转子分段斜极对永磁同步电机电磁噪声的削弱影响
徐珂1(),应红亮1,2,黄苏融1,张琪1,*()
1. 上海大学 机电工程与自动化学院，上海 200444
2. 上海电驱动股份有限公司，上海 201806
Electromagnetic noise reduction of permanent magnet synchronous motor by step-skewed rotor
Ke XU1(),Hong-liang YING1,2,Su-rong HUANG1,Qi ZHANG1,*()
1. School of Electromechanics and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
2. Shanghai Edrive Co. Ltd, Shanghai 201806, China
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摘要：

为了削弱由齿谐波引起的电磁力谐波从而有效抑制电机的电磁噪声，推导转子分段斜极的径向电磁力波的解析式，分析分段斜极对永磁同步电机电磁噪声的抑制机理，讨论不同斜极分段数与削弱的齿谐波阶次之间的关系. 基于MANATEE仿真平台，对48槽8极永磁同步电机进行不同斜极分段数下的径向电磁力波和电磁噪声仿真分析，得到斜极分段前后主要阶次的径向电磁力谐波在不同斜极分段数下的变化规律，分析分段斜极对电磁噪声的影响. 研究结果表明：当齿谐波阶次为分段数的整数倍时，转子斜极无法削弱该阶齿谐波；当为非整数倍时，该阶次的齿谐波可以得到有效抑制，电磁噪声明显下降. 样机的实测噪声与仿真结果基本吻合，验证了转子分段斜极降低电机噪声的机理及仿真分析的正确性.
关键词： 永磁同步电机;  分段斜极;  齿谐波;  径向电磁力波;  振动噪声    
Abstract:

In order to weaken the electromagnetic force harmonics caused by the tooth harmonics and effectively suppress the electromagnetic noise of the motor, the analytical formula of radial electromagnetic force wave of step-skew was derived, the mechanism of step-skew suppressing the electromagnetic noise of permanent magnet synchronous motor was analyzed, and the relationship between different segments of step-skew and the order of weakened tooth harmonics was discussed. The radial electromagnetic force wave and electromagnetic noise of a 48-slot 8-pole permanent magnet synchronous motor with different segments of step-skew were simulated and analyzed based on MANATEE simulation platform. The variation of electromagnetic force harmonics with and without step-skew was obtained, and the influence of the step-skew on electromagnetic noise was further analyzed. Results show that when the order of tooth harmonics is integral multiple of segments of step-skew, step-skew cannot weaken the order of tooth harmonics. When the order of tooth harmonics is non-integral multiple of segments, the tooth harmonics and the electromagnetic noise can be effectively suppressed. The measured noise values of the prototype were in good agreement with the simulation results, which verified the mechanism of step-skew suppressing electromagnetic noise of motor and the correctness of the simulation analysis.
Key words: permanent magnet synchronous motor    step-skew    tooth harmonics    radial electromagnetic force wave    vibration noise
收稿日期: 2018-09-07 出版日期: 2019-11-21
CLC:  TM 351  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2018YFB0104801）
通讯作者: 张琪     E-mail: xuke1993@shu.edu.cn;qizhang@staff.shu.edu.cn
作者简介: 徐珂（1993—），男，硕士生，从事永磁同步电机振动噪声抑制技术研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-4363-5060. E-mail： xuke1993@shu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

徐珂,应红亮,黄苏融,张琪. 转子分段斜极对永磁同步电机电磁噪声的削弱影响[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(11): 2248-2254.

Ke XU,Hong-liang YING,Su-rong HUANG,Qi ZHANG. Electromagnetic noise reduction of permanent magnet synchronous motor by step-skewed rotor. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(11): 2248-2254.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.11.024    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I11/2248

分类 r ωr Pr
1 （ν±μ）p ω1±ωμ FνΛ0FμΛ0（2μ0）
2 （ν±μ）p±kZ ω1±ωμ FνΛ0FμΛk（4μ0）
3 （ν±μ）p±kZ ω1±ωμ FνΛkFμΛ0（4μ0）
4 （ν±μ）p±2kZ ω1±ωμ FνΛ0FμΛk（8μ0）
表 1  径向电磁力波的特征参数
分类 fr
6f 12f 18f 24f
1 5/?5， 7/7 11/?11， 13/13 17/?17， 19/19 23/?23， 25/25
2 5/7， 5/?17 11/1， 11/?23 17/?5， 17/?29 23/?11
3 7/?5， 7/19 13/1， 13/25 19/7 25/13
4 5/19， 7/?17 11/13， 13/?11 17/7， 19/?5 23/1， 25/1
表 2  48槽8极电机的0阶电磁力波的主要谐波来源
分类 fr1）
10f 14f 22f 26f
1）注：仅列出与齿谐波相关的径向电磁力谐波来源
1 9/?11， 11/13 13/?11， 15/13 21/?23， 23/25 25/?27， 27/25
2 ? 13/1 ? ?
3 11/1， 11/25 15/25 23/13 27/17
4 9/13， 11/?11 13/13， 15/?11 21/1 25/1
表 3  48槽8极电机的8阶电磁力波的主要谐波来源
参数 数值
定子槽数 48
极数 8
最大转速/（r·min?1） 9 500
额定转速/（r·min?1） 4 000
最大扭矩/（N·m） 200
机壳外径/mm 270
电机轴向长度/mm 105
转子分段数 2
转子斜极角度/(°) 3.75
表 4  样机的技术参数
图 1  不同分段数下的空载气隙磁通密度仿真结果
图 2  不同分段数下的径向电磁力谐波分析
图 3  全转速下的A计权声压频谱图
图 4  不同斜极分段数下的A计权声压级对比
图 5  样机噪声实测图
n0/（r·min?1） Lp-test/dB Lp/dB
2 500 55.9 53.2
4 000 60.5 59.2
5 500 56.6 51.2
7 000 63.7 58.1
8 500 69.3 65.9
9 500 66.7 63.3
表 5  噪声实测值与仿真结果对比
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