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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (3): 491-499    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.03.009
土木与交通工程     
离心模拟超重力场下的雨滴运动轨迹分析
赵宇(),常胜,郑建靖*(),凌道盛,梁腾
浙江大学 建筑工程学院，浙江 杭州 310058
Analysis of raindrop trajectory in centrifuge-simulated hypergravity field
Yu ZHAO(),Sheng CHANG,Jian-jing ZHENG*(),Dao-sheng LING,Teng LIANG
College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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摘要：

为了探究离心模拟超重力场下的雨滴运动轨迹及降雨模拟过程，分别以旋转中心和喷嘴端部为原点建立惯性系和随动坐标系，综合运动学和动力学方程求解雨滴运动轨迹，修正现有研究中雨滴下落轨迹分析的不合理之处. 分析离心模拟超重力场下雨滴下落覆盖范围受超重力N值、下落高度、初始速度的影响程度以及不同方法计算结果相较于推荐方法的误差，以离心机内降雨冲击作用和降雨均匀性要求为判据提出试验建议. 结果表明，已有方法存在较大的偏差，下落覆盖范围中心位置的偏移量最大相对误差达到28.22%.
关键词： 超重力;  非惯性系;  离心模拟;  雨滴轨迹;  覆盖范围    
Abstract:

The inertia and the non-inertial frames were established by taking the center of rotation and the tip of the nozzle as the origin respectively in order to analyze the trajectory of raindrops and the rainfall simulation process in the hypergravity field. Then the kinematical and dynamic equations of raindrops were integrated to solve the raindrop motion trajectory. The influences of the value of hypergravity N, the height of the fall, and the initial velocity on the coverage of raindrops falling in a centrifuge-simulated hypergravity field were analyzed. The test conditions were proposed based on rainfall shock effects and rainfall uniformity in the centrifuge. Results showed that the existing methods had large deviations, and the maximum relative error of the offset of the center position of the falling coverage area was 28.22%.
Key words: hypergravity    non-inertial frame    centrifugal simulation    raindrop trajectory    coverage
收稿日期: 2020-02-11 出版日期: 2021-04-25
CLC:  TU 411  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51988101）
通讯作者: 郑建靖     E-mail: zhao_yu@zju.edu.cn;zhengjianjing@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 赵宇（1982—），男，教授，从事岩土工程防灾减灾的研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-0453-1960. E-mail： zhao_yu@zju.edu.cn
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赵宇
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引用本文:

赵宇,常胜,郑建靖,凌道盛,梁腾. 离心模拟超重力场下的雨滴运动轨迹分析[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(3): 491-499.

Yu ZHAO,Sheng CHANG,Jian-jing ZHENG,Dao-sheng LING,Teng LIANG. Analysis of raindrop trajectory in centrifuge-simulated hypergravity field. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(3): 491-499.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.03.009    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I3/491

图 1  机载降雨装置示意图
图 2  超重力离心模拟坐标系
图 3  雨滴初始速度在局部坐标描述
图 4  理想情况下喷嘴喷射示意图
图 5  模拟降雨覆盖范围随超重力倍数变化
图 6  覆盖范围参数随超重力倍数的变化
N h/m $v{'_0}$/(m·s?1) ea/% eb/% ec/%
10 0.15 10 1.66 0.42 28.60
30 0.15 10 3.02 0.77 23.29
100 0.08 10 1.93 0.49 18.38
100 0.12 10 3.19 0.79 16.10
100 0.15 10 4.16 1.03 15.03
100 0.15 20 2.79 0.71 24.37
100 0.15 30 1.78 0.45 28.22
表 1  文献[8]相对于该方法的误差
图 7  模拟降雨覆盖范围随下落距离的变化
图 8  覆盖范围参数随下落距离的变化
图 9  模拟降雨覆盖范围随初始速度的变化
图 10  覆盖范围参数随雨滴初始速度的变化
图 11  是否考虑空气阻力覆盖范围对比
图 12  喷嘴排布设计示意图
图 13  喷嘴排布建议范围示意图
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