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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (1): 150-160    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.016
交通工程、土木工程     
柔性层状石墨烯感应元件制备及其力敏特性
吴志强1(),卫军2,董荣珍2
1. 信阳师范大学 建筑与土木工程学院，河南 信阳 464000
2. 中南大学 土木工程学院，湖南 长沙 410075
Preparation and force sensitivity of flexible layered graphene sensor
Zhiqiang WU1(),Jun WEI2,Rongzhen DONG2
1. College of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, China
2. School of Civil Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410075, China
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摘要：

为了弥补现有传感器在混凝土非连续变形监测上的不足，采用特殊构型法，以还原氧化石墨烯-纳米纤维素(RGO-CNF)为传感层、聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)为基层，设计和制备了PDMS/RGO-CNF/PDMS层状感应元件，对其力学、电学和力敏性能进行测试和分析. 结果表明，CNF能够有效地协助RGO在异丙醇中均匀分散，经化学溶胀和孔隙填充构建的传感层与基底层紧密结合，能够承受超过100%的拉伸应变. 感应元件经过约10次循环拉伸后，应变电阻响应达到稳定状态，表现出良好的可回复性和可重复性. 在0~10%应变下，感应元件的电阻变化率近似呈线性变化，灵敏系数可达15，随应变继续增大，电阻变化率呈指数型增长. 应变电阻响应强度随应变速率的增大而提高，利用建立的考虑应变率效应的应变电阻响应模型，能够较好地预测感应元件的力敏行为.
关键词： 石墨烯;  层状感应元件;  力敏性;  应变电阻响应模型;  纳米纤维素    
Abstract:

A PDMS/RGO-CNF/PDMS layered sensor was designed and prepared with reduced graphene oxide-cellulose nanofiber (RGO-CNF) as the sensing layer and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) as the substrate by using a special configuration method in order to make up for the shortcomings of existing sensors in monitoring discontinuous deformation of concrete. The mechanical, electrical properties and force sensitivity of the sensor were tested and analyzed. Results show that CNF can effectively assist RGO to uniformly disperse in isopropanol. The sensing layer constructed through chemical swelling and pore filling was tightly bonded to the substrate layer, and could withstand over 100% tensile strain. The strain resistance response of the sensor reaches a stable state after about 10 cycles of stretching, exhibiting good recoverability and repeatability. The resistance change rate of the sensor shows an approximate linear variation within the range of 0-10% strain, with a sensitivity coefficient of up to 15. The resistance change rate increases exponentially as the strain continues to increase. The strain resistance response strength increases with the increase of strain rate, and the established response model considering strain rate effect can better predict the force sensitive behavior of the sensor.
Key words: graphene    layered sensor    force sensitivity    strain resistance response model    cellulose nanofiber
收稿日期: 2023-01-09 出版日期: 2023-11-07
CLC:  TU 599  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51778628）；河南省科技攻关计划资助项目（222102210241）
作者简介: 吴志强（1988—），男，讲师，博士，从事智能材料与结构的研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-2679-9247. E-mail： wuzq@xynu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

吴志强,卫军,董荣珍. 柔性层状石墨烯感应元件制备及其力敏特性[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(1): 150-160.

Zhiqiang WU,Jun WEI,Rongzhen DONG. Preparation and force sensitivity of flexible layered graphene sensor. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(1): 150-160.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.01.016    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I1/150

图 1  石墨烯感应元件的结构组成
图 2  石墨烯感应元件的应变电阻响应示意图
编号 组分
R1 IPA+RGO
R2 IPA+SCA+RGO
R3 IPA+PVP+RGO
R4 IPA+CNF+RGO
表 1  RGO分散试验分组
图 3  RGO分散液的吸光度
图 4  R2和R4组分散液吸光度随超声时间的变化
t/h dR2 /nm dR4 /nm
0.5 604.1 1583.2
1 493.7 956.6
2 410.3 753.4
5 287.5 672.4
表 2  R2和R4组分散液的平均粒径
图 5  R2和R4组分散液的表观状态随静置时间的变化
图 6  PDMS/RGO-CNF/PDMS感应元件的制备过程
图 7  PRCP感应元件制备过程中各部分的SEM图
图 8  PRCP感应元件的应力-应变和电阻测试
图 9  不同石墨烯分布密度的PRCP感应元件的应力-应变曲线
图 10  PRCP感应元件初始电阻随石墨烯分布密度变化曲线
图 11  首次拉伸时PⅠ、PⅡ和PⅢ电阻变化率随应变的变化曲线
图 12  循环拉伸时PⅠ、PⅡ和PⅢ电阻变化率随应变的变化曲线
图 13  拟合直线斜率随循环次数的变化曲线
图 14  100%应变范围内PⅠ、PⅡ和PⅢ的应变电阻响应曲线
图 15  PⅡ以不同速率首次拉伸后电阻变化率随静置时间的变化曲线
图 16  PⅡ以不同速率拉伸时电阻变化率随应变的变化曲线
v/(mm·min?1) δ A B C D γd0
1 0.19 4.68 ?6.46 5.54 ?2.77 17.12
60 0.26 6.50 ?10.51 5.67 ?1.29 15.46
120 0.30 10.11 ?19.95 13.02 ?2.90 15.08
表 3  PⅡ以不同速率拉伸试验结果的拟合曲线的参数值
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