JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY (HUMANITIES AND SOCIAL SCIENCES)

浙江大学学报(人文社会科学版)


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	JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY 2026 Vol.56 Number 6
	2026, Vol.56 Num.6
	Online: 2026-07-15

	Article

Article

	5	Peng Shuijun, Fang Ying, Zhu Pengyu

		External Demand Contraction, Trade Digitalization and Green Transformation of Exporting Firms ^Hot!
		In the context of constructing a new pattern of “dual circulation” development, China’s macroeconomic objectives have shifted from high-speed growth to high-quality development, with the green transformation of development modes being a critical link in this process. The green transformation of China’s exporting firms is closely intertwined with changes in the external market environment. Currently, weakening external demand and declining orders constitute a primary challenge for China’s foreign trade sector. This paper utilizes micro-level data from Chinese manufacturing exporting firms spanning the period from 2000 to 2013 and constructs a negative external demand shock indicator at the firm level and a trade digitalization metric based on input-output analysis. This research empirically investigates the impact of external demand contraction on the pollution emission intensity of the exporting firms and its underlying mechanisms, with a particular emphasis on the moderating role of trade digitalization. The core findings are as follows: (1) External demand contraction significantly leads to an increase in the SO? emission intensity of exporting firms. (2) Mechanism analysis reveals that this effect operates primarily through several channels. The contraction results in reduced production scale and lower capacity utilization, which squeezes investments in pollution abatement and RD innovation. Furthermore, survival pressures drive firms to adjust their trade patterns shifting from processing trade to ordinary trade and diversify their export product scope. These strategic adjustments always entail a more pollution-intensive product mix, consequently elevating overall emission intensity. (3) Further examination indicates that a higher degree of trade digitalization effectively mitigates the negative consequences of demand contraction. Specifically, inputs related to digital transactions enhance firms’ efficiency in searching for and penetrating new target markets, particularly in developing economies. This improved market access helps sustain capacity utilization and safeguards resources allocated for environmental investments. Simultaneously, investments in digital infrastructure facilitate the greening and quality enhancement of the export product structure, steering firms towards a more sustainable development trajectory.Compared to existing literature, this paper offers several marginal contributions. First, it pioneers the investigation into the impact of external demand contraction on the green transformation of exporting firms, enriching the research on demand-side environmental influences and providing a novel perspective for understanding corporate behavior under survival pressure. Second, it innovatively integrates the concept of trade digitalization into the analytical framework concerning external demand shocks. It examines its moderating role, offering fresh insights and potential solutions for firms grappling with the dilemma of pursuing green transformation amidst adverse external conditions. Third, regarding indicator measurement, it meticulously devises a firm-level negative external demand shock indicator and a nuanced trade digitalization metric derived from input-output linkages, thereby enhancing the precision and reliability of the empirical findings.In conclusion, this study furnishes robust empirical evidence and valuable policy implications for supporting exporting firms in navigating the challenges posed by external demand contraction and for fostering green transformation through strategic advancement of trade digitalization. It emphasizes the importance of enhancing firms’ internal resource management capabilities, establishing effective risk response mechanisms, and strengthening the synergy between trade and environmental policies. Ultimately, fully unleashing the potential of the digital economy is crucial for cultivating new competitive advantages in foreign trade and realizing high-quality, sustainable development.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 5-28 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 1019KB] ( 12 )

	29	Chi Renyong, Fu Mengyu, Lu Jianlin

		Digital Finance and Green Industrial Transformation: The Mediating Effects of Credit Resource Allocation ^Hot!
		Industrial enterprises are increasingly facing challenges such as rising labor costs, and growing energy and environmental constraints, making the green transformation an urgent priority. Digital finance can utilize technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and artificial intelligence to direct more capital towards green industries, thereby driving the green transformation of industry. However, existing research primarily focuses on the impact of digital finance on economic growth and its role in traditional finance and industrial upgrading. There is a noticeable gap in studies examining the influence of digital finance on the green transformation of industry, with fewer incorporating credit allocation into the framework to analyze the relationships between the three. This gives rise to a series of the following important questions: Does digital finance drive the green transformation of industry? Is credit allocation an intermediary variable in the relationship between digital finance and industrial green transformation? And is there a nonlinear relationship or spatial spillover effect between digital finance and the green transformation of industry?To address these questions, this study utilizes panel data from 272 cities at the prefecture level and above in China, covering the period from 2012 to 2022. It uses mediation analysis to examine the relationship and mechanisms between digital finance and the green transformation of industry. Additionally, a threshold model is developed to explore the nonlinear impact of digital finance on industrial green transformation. Furthermore, the spatial Durbin model is employed to analyze the spillover effects of digital finance. The empirical results reveal the following five conclusions: (1) digital finance significantly promotes the green transformation of industry. After addressing potential endogeneity issues and conducting robustness checks, the conclusions remain valid; (2) The impact of digital finance on industrial green transformation has not only a direct effect, but also an intermediary effect. Digital finance can reduce the credit biases inherent in traditional finance, enhance the efficiency of credit allocation, and indirectly foster the green transformation of industry; (3) The depth and degree of digitization in digital finance play a significant role in driving the green transformation of industry. Moreover, in central, western, and peripheral cities, as well as in cities with stricter financial regulations, digital finance plays a more significant role in driving industrial green transformation; (4) The impact of digital finance on industrial green transformation exhibits a nonlinear change nature with increasing marginal effects. As digital finance evolves, its positive influence on industrial green transformation continues to strengthen. (5) The development of digital economy can not only have a positive effect on the regional industrial green transformation, but also produce a positive spillover effect on surrounding regions.Compared with previous studies, the contributions of this study are mainly reflected in two aspects. First, this study constructs a theoretical model that incorporates credit allocation into the analysis framework of how digital finance influences industrial green transformation. It explores the transmission paths through which digital finance drives this transformation, while addressing gaps in existing research on theoretical mechanisms. Second, drawing on previous studies, the research uses mediation models, panel threshold models, and spatial econometric models to analyze the indirect effects, nonlinear relationships, and spatial spillover effects of digital finance on industrial green transformation. This provides empirical evidence for a deeper understanding of how digital finance promotes the green transformation of industry.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 29-46 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 888KB] ( 11 )

	47	Sun Chongya

		The Subject Dilemma and Criticism of the Achievement Society in the Digital Age ^Hot!
		The Achievement Society is a product of collusion between capitalist accumulation logic and digital technology. Its core lies in shaping individuals into perpetually striving achievement subjects through affirmative governance. In traditional Disciplinary Societies, capitalists relied on mechanisms of “bodily punishment” and “biopolitical regulation”, using panopticon-like surveillance to internalize external discipline, molding laborers into “docile bodies” compliant with capitalist production systems. However, accelerated digitalization, social transformation, and the intensification of life rhythms have rendered the negative governance of Disciplinary Societies obsolete, paving the way for the rise of the Achievement Society rooted in affirmative logic.The Achievement Society constructs an illusion of freedom through narratives of self-actualization, trapping individuals in a competitive cage meticulously designed by digital capitalism. First of all, meritocracy， as the dominant value principle, exacerbates structural inequalities by ignoring innate talent disparities and unequal resource distribution. This creates a dual paradox of “elite arrogance” and “relative deprivation”. Digital technologies reduce humans to quantifiable human capital, further eroding pluralistic values and subjectivity. Secondly, the liquefied nature of digital labor increasingly blurs work-life boundaries. The pathological pursuit of “hyper-efficiency” and “limitless achievement” transforms traditional external exploitation into self-imposed self-exploitation. Workers voluntarily become tools of capital accumulation under the guise of “free choice”, leading to spatial, temporal, and material impoverishment, as well as existential disintegration between self-perfection and self-destruction. Finally，overwork has been manifested in new forms in the digital age—platform gig workers engage in “proactive forced labor” under algorithmic surveillance and performance competition. Physical and mental exhaustion have become pervasive, reflecting a profound crisis of the Achievement Society.The predicament of subjects in the digital Achievement Society epitomizes the intensifying contradiction between capital logic and human development. To resolve this, social relations must be reconstructed through the following three dimensions: Firstly, at the level of distributive justice, it is necessary to establish the distributive principle of “getting what they need”. This means taking the all-round development of human beings as the core criterion for resource allocation, and achieving a leap from formal justice to substantive justice through improving social security, tax regulation and the third distribution mechanism. Secondly, at the level of labor liberation, it is necessary to reshape the free nature of labor. The self-exploitation under digital capitalism stems from the contradiction between private ownership of the means of production and socialization of labor. This requires the establishment of a data-right confirmation system and the regulation of the data element market, enabling digital workers to become creators and sharers of data value, and thereby restoring the human essence of free labor. Finally, at the level of time ethics, the ontological significance of “free time” needs to be reconstructed. The free time emphasized by Marx, as a condition for the all-round development of individuals, has been encroached upon by the logic of capital proliferation in the meritorious society. Therefore, only by criticizing the ideology of “time acceleration”, establishing a scientific working hour system and universal leisure security, enabling individuals to develop interests, cultivate emotions and pursue meaning during non-productive time, can we ensure that workers truly enjoy freely disposable time.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 47-60 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 759KB] ( 11 )

	61	Wang Shaoliang

		Rethinking the Fetishism Critique Theory in Capital from the Perspective of Subjectification ^Hot!
		Reification and abstraction are regarded as two classic perspectives in academic interpretations of the fetishism critique theory in Capital. However, it is argued that these two perspectives fail to fully explain why fetishism possesses objective social efficacy. Therefore, this research can be advanced by approaching the issue from the perspective of subjectification.Firstly, the “generation of the value subject” is revealed by Marx through the concept of “independence” in Capital. The essence of commodity fetishism is that the “commodity-thing”, as a value form, is made independent and rises to a “subject” that rules over society and laborers. Subsequently, Marx shifts his focus from the “generation of the value subject” to the “movement of the value subject” in his exploration of the issue of fetishism. For the subjectification movement of value, it is identified as the productive origin of fetishism’s acquisition of objective social power, while the reification and abstraction of human social relations and their reflection in consciousness are seen as the objective results of this movement.Secondly, the demonstration of the origin of fetishism is conducted by Marx through the transformations in the value form. The evolution of the value form from the “simple form”, “expanded form”, to the “general form” and “monetary form” ultimately shapes an inverted world of humans and things. Three concepts of “thing” are identified in the context of Capital: from “Gegenstand” (object-thing), “Ding” (abstract thing) to “Sache” (relation-thing). The changes in the use of these concepts imply the subjectification logic of fetishism. Commodities also become “things” (Sache) that engage in social relations and “self-activity” with themselves in addition to being made independent from the human object (Gegenstand) world, transforming from “human objectified products” into abstract “things” (Ding) that are “dissociated from human relations”.Finally, the production mechanism of the formation of the fetishistic nature is also revealed by Marx, which involves tracing the value form further back to abstract labor. With regard to the essence of fetishism, it is identified as the inversion of abstract labor into a self-active subject. Its self-activity is transformed into the subjectification movement of value when abstract labor is detached from the production process. From commodities to money and capital, it is a process of the continuous independence of the value subject on the one hand; and a process of the deepening development of the fetishistic nature on the other hand. From industrial capital, merchant capital to interest-bearing capital, the cyclical movement of the value subject is shown to continuously reproduce the ruling power of fetishism, and the mystery and inversion of capital are also shown to reach their peak. Different capital cycles are found to produce different social effects. The production (labor) fetishism is caused by the industrial capital cycle; the money worship is caused by the merchant capital cycle; the object of fetishism is no longer a specific object but becomes an abstract proliferation movement in interest-bearing capital.The interpretation of the fetishism critique theory in Capital is shown to effectively restore the social historicity of fetishism from the perspective of subjectification. In reality, capital is thought to exist only within the movement of things in the form of commodities and money, and the value subject is only possible in the movement of capital. In other words, the capital subject cannot ascend to a religious-like god to engage in pure self-activity, which is also the historical materialist methodology demonstrated by Marx’s fetishism critique theory in Capital.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 61-71 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 722KB] ( 10 )

	72	Chen Zongshi, Zhang Zhongji

		The Logical Evolution of the Chinese Government’s Governance of the Venture Capital Industry — An Analysis Based on Multiple Institutional Logics ^Hot!
		Currently, China is vigorously advancing high-quality economic development through multiple measures, and venture capital (VC), as a financial support activity empowering new quality productive forces, has attracted considerable attention. Throughout more than 40-year development of China’s VC industry, government governance has always played a pivotal role. Although existing studies have explored the behavioral changes in the government’s governance of the VC industry, they have not yet addressed the underlying changes in institutional logic. Based on multiple types of historical materials, this paper conducts a systematic analysis of the logical changes in the government’s governance of China’s VC industry using qualitative comparative methods from the theoretical perspective of multiple institutional logics. The main research findings are as follows: Since 1984, the logic of the Chinese government’s governance of the VC industry has undergone a three-stage evolution process, with significant changes in its normative basis, attention basis, and strategic basis for governance. At different development stages, the financial logic followed by VC institutions, the entrepreneurial logic upheld by start-ups, and the bureaucratic logic inherent in the bureaucratic system have jointly driven changes in government governance logic through distinct combinations and master-subordinate relationships. In the first stage (1984-1998), government governance logic was deeply influenced by bureaucratic logic, which exerted a certain degree of suppression on financial logic and entrepreneurial logic. In the second stage (1999-2004), the rapid rise of financial logic and entrepreneurial logic, as well as the tensions between these two logics and the operation of the original bureaucratic logic, prompted the government to adjust its governance logic. In the third stage (2005-present), the transformed government governance logic has gradually achieved effective coordination and integration of financial logic, entrepreneurial logic, and bureaucratic logic.The empirical and theoretical contributions of this paper are mainly reflected in four aspects: Firstly, the logical changes in the Chinese government’s governance of the VC industry constitute a complex process of institutional evolution. Research on this process not only enriches the application scenarios of institutional logic theory but also provides an important practical case for understanding the relationship between the state and the market in China. Secondly, this paper fills the gaps in existing studies regarding the long-term systematic analysis and empirical refinement of the government’s governance behavior in the VC industry. The revealed three-stage evolutionary context of government governance logic breaks through the cognitive limitation of existing studies that mostly conduct quantitative analysis of and discussions on individual policies. Thirdly, by drawing on and integrating insights from existing theories, this paper constructs a universal multiple institutional logic framework applicable to analyzing changes in government governance behavior. On the one hand, by incorporating the normative basis, attention basis, and strategic basis, this framework makes up for the weakness of previous relevant research frameworks that lacked specific triggering mechanisms and observation dimensions of logic. On the other hand, it integrates various complex actors and institutional logics into the broader framework of state logic and market logic, offering more possibilities for discussing the macro theoretical metaphors of government governance. Fourthly, the analytical framework constructed and the ideal type of government governance logic summarized in this paper also respond to the current academic call for the deconstruction and redefinition of institutional logic in the Chinese context, as well as the pursuit of theorizing China’s development experience in VC research. Overall, this paper systematically summarizes and analyzes the process of logical changes in the Chinese government’s governance of the VC industry. This process not only clearly demonstrates how government governance has gradually achieved effective coordination of multiple institutional logics but also profoundly reflects the in-depth restructure of the relationship between the state and the market in China.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 72-87 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 844KB] ( 11 )

	88	Yin Qiushi

		Application of the Legal Person Rules of Civil Code from the Perspective of the Relationship with Special Laws and Regulations ^Hot!
		All types of for-profit legal persons and non-profit legal persons stipulated in the Chapter on Legal Persons of the General Part of the Civil Code have their corresponding special laws or regulations. After the enactment of the Civil Code, these special laws and regulations not only continue to exist but some have also been revised. From the perspective of the relationship between the Civil Code and special laws or regulations, the provisions on legal persons in the Civil Code exhibit different applicable values and methods for different types of legal persons.The provisions of the Civil Code are generally unnecessary for application to companies. In the Chapter on Legal Persons of the Civil Code, most rules applicable to companies are originally derived from the Company Law. The 2023 revision of the Company Law, by incorporating rules from the Civil Code, demonstrates its effort to form a self-contained and comprehensive system. Where the rules of the Civil Code conflict with those of the Company Law, the provisions of the Company Law are more specific and up-to-date, possessing the characteristics of both a special law and a later-enacted law; thus, they should take precedence in application.With respect to non-profit legal persons, the provisions of the Civil Code present two scenarios. The first scenario includes rules that have no applicable value for non-profit legal persons, such as situations where the Civil Code’s rules duplicate those of special regulations; the Civil Code’s rules merely serve as a reminder of the special regulations, and the special regulations provide more detailed rules that should be applied, or the Civil Code’s provisions are incomplete. The second scenario includes rules that are applicable to non-profit legal persons, which can be further divided into directly applicable rules and rules applicable by analogy. Although some rules may appear directly applicable, they can only be applied indirectly as a statutory authorization for analogy. This is because these rules originate from the Company Law, while the purposes and governance structures of non-profit legal persons differ significantly from those of companies. The existence of multiple rules providing individual authorization for analogy can serve as a basis for overall analogy, enabling the application of Company Law rules to fill the gaps in the rules governing non-profit legal persons, to the extent permitted by their nature.Similar to non-profit legal persons, the Civil Code rules for other types of for-profit legal persons (i.e., corporate enterprises other than companies) can also be divided into two categories: inapplicable and applicable. Since they are also for-profit legal persons, the applicable rules constitute the major part.The provisions on legal persons in the General Part of the Civil Code are neither truly “codified” nor “general”. Due to the continued existence and ongoing revision of special laws and regulations, the Chapter on Legal Persons of the General Part of the Civil Code already faced the problem of decodification upon its promulgation. The Chapter on Legal Persons of the Civil Code does not extract a general part (Gemeiner Teil) but rather copies provisions from various special laws and regulations, primarily the Company Law. When interpreting and applying the provisions of the Chapter on Legal Persons of the Civil Code, it is necessary to determine the necessity of application, the method of application, and the limits of analogy based on the specific type of legal person. At the same time, focus should be placed on non-profit legal persons, with analogy as the primary method to reshape the system of the Chapter on Legal Persons of the General Part of the Civil Code, thereby endowing it with applicability and systematic value.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 88-104 [Abstract] ( 7 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 714KB] ( 9 )

	105	Liu Shuchun, Lin Zhouyu, Lin Hanchuan

		Parental Entrepreneurial Experience and Offspring Entrepreneurs’ Firm Performance? ^Hot!
		The wave of “mass entrepreneurship and innovation” has not only reshaped the microstructure of China’s economy but also fostered a dynamic community of entrepreneurs which has attracted a lot of attention. Since Schumpeter defined entrepreneurs as a group with distinct innate traits, centering on the fundamental topic of “who entrepreneurs are”, scholars have carried out various theoretical debates from the perspective of individual characteristics, including mental qualities and personality traits. In China’s entrepreneurial market, entrepreneurs have exhibited significant generational differences based on whether their families have a history of paternal entrepreneurship. Unlike first-generation entrepreneurs, who typically emerged from grassroots backgrounds, second-generation entrepreneurs, referred to as new-generation business leaders with direct familial ties to first-generation entrepreneurs, have drawn widespread attention due to their cross-generational family entrepreneurial heritage. Paternal entrepreneurial experience provides second-generation entrepreneurs with resources such as social networks, industry insights, and specialized knowledge, which can well support their business operations. However, the rapid shifts driven by policy reforms, market competition, and evolving consumer demands during China’s economic transition, coupled with heterogeneous factors like differences in individual capabilities between generations, make it difficult to simply replicate the paternal experience, thereby making it more challenging for second-generation entrepreneurs to achieve performance advantages.The familial entrepreneurial backgrounds have potential multi-dimensional impacts on entrepreneurship’s performance, which makes the intergenerational characteristics of entrepreneurs a critical yet empirically under-explored issue in entrepreneurship economics. Using data from the 12th nationwide sampling survey of private enterprises conducted by authoritative departments, including the United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee, this study examines how paternal entrepreneurial backgrounds influence the performance level of the enterprises they have founded .The findings are as follows: (1) Compared to first-generation entrepreneurs without paternal entrepreneurial backgrounds, family backgrounds with entrepreneurial heritage significantly affect the operational performances of second-generation-founded enterprises in a positive way;(2) Mechanism analysis shows that paternal entrepreneurial experience enhances second-generation ventures’ performance by elevating entrepreneurial initiative, optimizing resource allocation efficiency, and securing familial capital support, which well demonstrates that the cultivation of entrepreneurial awareness, the development of operational skill, and the refinement of governance structure are key sources of competitive advantage for second-generation entrepreneurs; (3) Contextual analysis showcases that the positive impact of paternal entrepreneurial backgrounds is more pronounced in regions with low marketization and weak social trust, as well as among second-generation entrepreneurs with strong intergenerational ties but limited entrepreneurial experience. This indicates that paternal entrepreneurial heritage mitigates institutional constraints and personal capability gaps, thereby producing improvements in enterprise performance.Theoretical contributions of this study are listed as below: First, it advances scientific understanding of the sources and developmental laws of entrepreneurial advantages during economic transitions, expanding research on entrepreneurship transformation trends. Second, it enriches studies on the micro-foundations and contextual factors influencing firm performance in cross-generational entrepreneurial processes. Finally, from an intergenerational perspective, it offers unique insights by evaluating and comparing how the distinct mechanisms of two entrepreneurial cohorts impact new venture performance, so as to provide reference for government policies aimed at promoting entrepreneurial activities.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 105-124 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 900KB] ( 9 )

	125	Liu Huiqian, Zheng Yali, Cai Wanlin, Liu Yiqun

		Research on Institutional Gap, Aspiration Gap, and Overseas Compliance Risks of Chinese Multinational Enterprises ^Hot!
		Against the backdrop of the increasingly stringent global regulatory system, Chinese multinational enterprises (MNEs) face frequent overseas compliance risks, which has become a core constraint on their high-quality international development. Overseas compliance risks are characterized by a dual nature that combines the proactiveness of behavioral decision-making with the passiveness of responding to regulatory constraints, and its formation is the result of the interactions between internal and external factors. However, existing studies have mostly focused on issues within a single compliance domain, emphasizing the analysis of the causes of compliance risks from a single dimension or within a single context, without forming a systematic analytical framework that integrates internal and external factors. In particular, existing research has overlooked the directionality and interactive effects of the institutional gap and aspiration gap, thus making it difficult to clarify the differentiated formation mechanisms through which overseas compliance risks have arisen across different cross-border contexts.From a dual perspective of integrating institutional theory and aspiration theory, this study took Chinese MNEs listed on the Shanghai and Shenzhen A-share markets that experienced overseas compliance risks from 2009 to 2023 as the sample, and conducted empirical tests using paired samples through propensity score matching. The results revealed that in the context of negative institutional gap, negative aspiration gap had a linear positive correlation with overseas compliance risks, and positive aspiration gap had a linear positive correlation with overseas compliance risks; in the context of positive institutional gap, there was an inverted U-shaped relationship between negative aspiration gap and overseas compliance risks, and there was a U-shaped relationship between positive aspiration gap and overseas compliance risks. Mechanism tests revealed that in the context of negative institutional gap, negative aspiration gap increased overseas compliance risks by intensifying managerial myopia, whereas positive aspiration gap increased overseas compliance risks by intensifying managerial overconfidence. In the context of positive institutional gap, problem search intensity mediated the inverted U-shaped relationship between negative aspiration gap and overseas compliance risks, while host country’s media attention played a mediating role in the U-shaped relationship between positive aspiration gap and overseas compliance risks. Further analysis showed that compliance management mitigated overseas compliance risks under the “negative institutional gap-positive aspiration gap” and “positive institutional gap-negative aspiration gap” contexts, whereas organizational stigma exacerbated overseas compliance risks under the contexts of “positive institutional gap–negative aspiration gap” and “positive institutional gap–positive aspiration gap”.The theoretical contributions of this study are mainly reflected in two aspects. First, this study breaks through the limitations of previous fragmented studies and constructs an interactive analytical framework of “institution-aspiration”, which provides an integrated theoretical explanation for understanding the formation mechanism of enterprises’ overseas compliance risk, and offers empirical evidence based on the practices of Chinese MNEs, enriching the theoretical research on overseas compliance risk of emerging-market multinational enterprises. Second, this study systematically examined the differentiated patterns of enterprises’ overseas compliance risks across various combinations of negative and positive “institutional-aspiration” gaps, and revealed the mediating roles of managerial myopia, managerial overconfidence, problem search intensity, and host country’s media attention. This helps to bridge the internal divides between institutional paradox and aspiration paradox, and clarifies the contextual dependencies in the formation process of overseas compliance risks. The conclusions of this study provide a theoretical basis for Chinese MNEs to formulate context-specific compliance management strategies, and offer insights for enhancing their overseas compliance capabilities and achieving high-quality international development.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 125-146 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 949KB] ( 9 )

	147	Han Wei, Zheng Hua

		The Triple Dimensions of the Evolution of Literary Activity System under the Influence of AIGC ^Hot!
		The iterative development of Artificial Intelligence Generated Content (AIGC) has fostered a new textual environment for literary creation, giving rise to novel forms of literary expression. Algorithmic generation featuring cognitive creation progressively replaces mechanically replicative information technology, driving the evolution of literary activity system in the AI era. The profound integration of artificial intelligence into literary activities has catalyzed a transformation of literary boundaries. Reflecting through the lens of literariness on how this transformation reconstructs traditional literary,theoretical paradigms has emerged as a critical literary agenda in the new technological context, a pivotal aspect of which resides in how AIGC reconfigures both the internal structure and the external boundaries of literary activity system. In light of this, this paper examines AIGC-generated literature—a paradigm-shattering occurrence—from the three perspectives of logical transmutation, relational reconstitution and dimensional transcendence. It investigates the evolutionary trajectories of literary activity system under AIGC’s influence, unveiling the radical transformation of the underlying logic and structural model of the system. Through philosophical critique and empirical analysis of AIGC texts, this paper posits that the generative capability inherent in AIGC is endowed with intentionality through the logic of “productive imagination”, making such texts entitled to be called literary works. Moreover, the subject of literary activities shifts from autonomous existence to a more intricate “human-AI nexus”. Algorithmic generation replaces traditional mechanical reproduction which lacks artistic aura, epitomizing a metamorphosis in the underlying logic of the literary activity system. Under the influence of the intrinsic logic of algorithmic generation, the uncertainty inherent in AIGC disrupts the previously closed meta-literary activity system. By virtue of dynamic properties such as generative capability, interactivity, and real-time responsiveness, AIGC establishes a decentralized and networked architecture grounded in “human-AI entanglement”. The dynamic openness of literary activity system supersedes the closed system grounded in autonomous human authorship and constrained by endogenous creative cycles. Furthermore, when the relational reconstitution within the literary activity system is externally manifested, it transcends the communicative dimensions that exist among its constituent elements. Under the influence of AIGC, the literary activity system has shifted from a two-dimensional to a three-dimensional framework, and the interactions among its components have evolved from communicative structures into a semantic space characterized by a high-dimensional manifold topology. The boundaries of the elements in literary activities are being reconfigured: the world gains an extra infosphere characterized by digitalization and contextualization; the perception scope of creative subjects has been broadened and their modes of creation undergo novel transformations; and the works generated exhibit corresponding changes. AIGC transcends the secondary and passive characteristics that previously defined digital technologies, enabling a quantum leap in literary existence and deconstructing traditional literary elements into computable models generated by algorithms. This paper examines the new literary phenomena generated by the application of AIGC technology to literary practice, transcending the interpretive possibilities of traditional literary theory and reconstructing literary ontology and critical paradigms, thus expanding the boundaries of literary research. It constitutes a speculation on the technicality and literariness of literary activity system, a dual examination of the aesthetic and ethical dimensions of AIGC texts, and ultimately, a commitment to reinvigorating the humanistic significance of literature and upholding the social responsibilities and ethical principles of the humanities in the era of Artificial Intelligence.
		2026 Vol. 56 (6): 147-156 [Abstract] ( 5 ) [HTML 1KB] [PDF 760KB] ( 8 )

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