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浙江大学学报(工学版)
Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (10): 1964-1970    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.10.013
    
No-load voltage of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator
Ren-yi YI(),Yong WANG*(),Yu-dong XIE,Kai QIAO,Yu-lei ZHANG
School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
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Abstract  

A three-dimensional flow model of power generation channel was constructed in order to analyze the factors affecting the no-load voltage of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator. The influence of inlet velocity, magnetic flux density, channel width, channel height and liquid metal category on no-load voltage was analyzed based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The structure of power generation channel was modified by adding insulating blocks considering that current has reflux phenomenon in Hartmann layer. The optimization mechanism of the no-load voltage was analyzed from two aspects of the change of velocity distribution and current density. Results showed that the no-load voltage was proportional to the inlet velocity, magnetic flux density and channel width, but had no obvious relationship with channel height. The larger the channel width was, the higher the relative error of the no-load voltage was. The liquid metal with high density and low conductivity reduced the no-load voltage. The relative error of no-load voltage was about 12.3% before the improvement of generation channel. After the improvement, the no-load voltage was increased by 13.3% and the relative error was reduced to 0.6% compared with before improvement.

Key words： liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic (LMMHD)      no-load voltage      structural improvement      Fluent     
Received: 08 October 2019      Published: 28 October 2020
CLC:  TK 5  
Corresponding Authors: Yong WANG     E-mail: 2814069775@qq.com;meywang@sdu.edu.cn
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Ren-yi YI
Yong WANG
Yu-dong XIE
Kai QIAO
Yu-lei ZHANG
Cite this article:

Ren-yi YI,Yong WANG,Yu-dong XIE,Kai QIAO,Yu-lei ZHANG. No-load voltage of liquid metal magnetohydrodynamic power generator. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(10): 1964-1970.

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http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.10.013     OR     http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/Y2020/V54/I10/1964


液态金属磁流体发电机空载电压

为了探究影响液态金属磁流体发电机空载电压的因素，建立发电通道三维流动模型. 采用计算流体力学（CFD）技术，研究发电通道入口速度、磁感应强度、通道宽度、通道高度、液态金属类别对空载电压的影响. 考虑哈特曼层电流回流现象，通过添加绝缘块，对发电通道装置进行结构改进. 从改进后的磁流体速度分布和电流密度变化两方面，分析空载电压优化机理. 结果表明：空载电压与入口速度、磁感应强度、通道宽度成正比，与通道高度无明显关系，但是通道宽度越大，空载电压相对误差越高；高密度、低电导率的液态金属会降低空载电压. 发电通道改进前，空载电压的相对误差为12.3%；改进后的发电通道，空载电压比改进前提高13.3%，相对误差降至0.6%.


关键词： 液态金属磁流体（LMMHD）,  空载电压,  结构改进,  Fluent 
Fig.1 Geometry model of power generation channel
Fig.2 Mesh structure of typical plane
Fig.3 Channel model of Hunt’s case
Fig.4 Comparison between numerical solution and analytical solution of velocity distribution
工质 ρ/（kg·m3） σ/（S·m?1） μ/（Pa·s）
水银 1.35×104 1.04×106 0.16×10-2
镓铟锡合金 6.44×103 2.24×106 0.24×10-2
铀合金 8.85×103 2.30×106 0.27×10-2
钠钾合金 8.66×102 2.46×106 0.66×10-3
Tab.1 Physical and chemical properties of different working fluids
Fig.5 Relationship between different factors and no-load voltage
工质 U/mV U′/mV δ/%
水银 0.48 0.410 14.6
镓铟锡合金 0.48 0.421 12.3
铀合金 0.48 0.418 12.9
钠钾合金 0.48 0.451 6.0
Tab.2 No-load voltage under different working fluids
Fig.6 Current density distribution in x direction of typical plane under reference conditions
Fig.7 Current density in x direction of typical plane
Fig.8 Velocity distribution in z direction of typical plane
Fig.9 Electric field strength in x direction on straight line of y = 0 at typical plane
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