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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (1): 162-168    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.01.019
机械工程     
耦合弯曲-剪切载荷L型压电振子的低宽频特性
蒋建东(),张玖利,牛瑞征,吴松涛,乔欣
浙江工业大学 特种装备制造与先进加工技术教育部重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310014
Low broadband characteristics of L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam with bending shear load
Jian-dong JIANG(),Jiu-li ZHANG,Rui-zheng NIU,Song-tao WU,Xin QIAO
Key Laboratory of Special Purpose Equipment and Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Ministry of Education, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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摘要：

针对传统的压电能量采集装置固有频率高、工作频率范围窄及能量转换率低的问题，基于Timoshenko梁理论提出耦合弯曲-剪切载荷的L型压电振子，研究基于L型压电振子的复合压电结构的能量采集特性. 根据无线传感器的作业环境特点，研究L型悬臂梁的长度、宽度及延伸段长等因素对压电能量采集频率、输出电压峰值及能量转换效率的影响规律. 组合不同尺寸L型压电悬臂梁，研究设计回字形布局的阵列式复合振子. 经仿真分析与实验验证结果可知，在0~250 Hz低频环境下，能量采集频率为28~36 Hz、61~68 Hz、92~99 Hz以及103~111 Hz，较等尺寸传统阵列式压电复合振子覆盖频率平均提升了260%.
关键词： Timoshenko梁;  L型悬臂梁;  低宽频;  复合振子    
Abstract:

The L-shaped cantilever beam with coupled bending-shear load was proposed based on the Timoshenko beam theory, and energy capture performance of composite piezoelectric structures of L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beams was analyzed to solve the problems of high natural frequency, narrow working frequency range and low energy conversion efficiency in traditional piezoelectric energy harvesting devices. The effects of the length, width and length of the L-shaped cantilever beam on the piezoelectric energy acquisition frequency, output voltage peak and energy conversion efficiency were analyzed according to the characteristics of the operating environment of the wireless sensor. L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beams with different sizes were combined to analyze and design the array-type composite vibrator with a square layout. Simulation calculations and experimental verification results were compared. The energy acquisition frequency was 28-36 Hz, 61-68 Hz, 92-99 Hz and 103-111 Hz at the environmental low frequency of 0-250 Hz. The frequency was improved by 260% on average compared with the conventional array piezoelectric composite beam of the same size.
Key words: Timoshenko beam    L-shaped cantilever beam    low broadband    composite oscillator
收稿日期: 2020-01-05 出版日期: 2021-01-27
CLC:  TN 712  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51375456）；浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LY18E050025）
作者简介: 蒋建东（1974—），男，教授，从事机械动力学、机电系统设计与控制研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-4824-7120.E-mail： jiangjd@zjut.edu.cn
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蒋建东
张玖利
牛瑞征
吴松涛
乔欣

引用本文:

蒋建东,张玖利,牛瑞征,吴松涛,乔欣. 耦合弯曲-剪切载荷L型压电振子的低宽频特性[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(1): 162-168.

Jian-dong JIANG,Jiu-li ZHANG,Rui-zheng NIU,Song-tao WU,Xin QIAO. Low broadband characteristics of L-shaped piezoelectric cantilever beam with bending shear load. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(1): 162-168.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.01.019    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I1/162

图 1  L型压电振子能量转换模型
图 2  L型压电振子有限元模型
材料 ρ/（kg·m?3） μ E/GPa
PZT-5H 7500 0.31 71
铍青铜 8300 0.35 130
ABS 1200 0.39 2
表 1  压电振子材料性能
序号 b /mm a /mm c /mm nf V1 /V V2 /V
1 5 60 15 1 3 ?
2 5 75 20 1 3.8 ?
3 5 90 25 1 4.7 ?
4 5 105 30 2 9 2.0
5 20 60 20 1 4 ?
6 20 75 15 1 3 ?
7 20 90 30 2 6 1.0
8 20 105 25 2 6.1 0.4
9 35 60 25 2 6.5 1.0
10 35 75 30 2 7.5 0.5
11 35 90 15 2 2.1 2.2
12 35 105 20 2 5 2.1
13 50 60 30 2 4.2 0.8
14 50 75 25 2 7 2.7
15 50 90 20 2 3.9 4.0
16 50 105 15 2 1.2 2.1
表 2  正交试验设计与结果
图 3  第1~16组压电振子前4阶模态频率分布曲线
图 4  第1~16组压电振子输出电压-频率分布曲线
图 5  第1~16组压电振子能量转换率-频率分布曲线
图 6  前4阶模态频率分布曲线（b =5~185 mm）
图 7  不同b下的输出电压-频率分布仿真结果图
组数 a /mm b /mm c /mm
1 105 44 30
2 105 41 30
3 105 37.5 30
4 105 32.5 30
5 60 21 15
6 60 20 15
7 60 18.5 15
8 60 17.5 15
表 3  L型压电复合振子结构尺寸
图 8  L型压电复合结构示意图
图 9  L型与传统压电复合振子输出电压-频率分布曲线
图 10  不同加速度载荷下L型压电复合振子输出电压-频率分布曲线
图 11  压电能量采集实验平台系统
图 12  不同b下的输出电压-频率分布实验结果图
图 13  压电复合振子实物图
图 14  L型压电复合振子实验与仿真结果比对曲线图
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