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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2021, Vol. 55 Issue (6): 1135-1141    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.06.014
能源工程、机械工程     
蒸汽热网热力损失与管损特性实验研究
赵建法1(),乔龙彪1,杨海亮2,张良1,*(),俞自涛1
1. 浙江大学 热工与动力系统研究所，浙江 杭州 310027
2. 宁波万里管道有限公司，浙江 宁波 315800
Experimental study on characteristics of thermal and pipeline loss of steam heating pipeline network
Jian-fa ZHAO1(),Long-biao QIAO1,Hai-liang YANG2,Liang ZHANG1,*(),Zi-tao YU1
1. Institute of Thermal Science and Power Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. Ningbo Wanli Pipeline Limited Company, Ningbo 315800, China
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摘要：

采用焓降法和表面热流法，分别对实际运行的蒸汽热网特性进行现场测试，分析得到热网散热损失特性和组成特征. 结果表明，运行工况和蒸汽状态对焓降法在评估供热管道散热损失中的准确性具有重要的影响. 所测热网的实际散热热流密度达到135.66 W/m2，其中管道保温散热为67.67 W/m2，约占49.88%；蒸汽流动阻力损失占14.98%，支架、弯头、疏水器等局部散热占35.14%. 基于实际管损与热网冷凝散热损失的关系，定义热网冷凝损失系数. 建立基于热网散热损失的管损模型，结合实际测量数据，得到该热网的冷凝损失系数为0.16.
关键词： 热力损失;  蒸汽热网;  保温管道;  焓降法;  管损    
Abstract:

The characteristics of steam heat network in actual operation were tested using enthalpy drop method and surface heat flow method. Heat loss characteristics and composition characteristics of the heating network were analyzed. Results showed that operating conditions and steam state greatly influenced on the accuracy of enthalpy drop method in evaluating heat loss of steam heating pipe. The actual heat rate of heat supply network was 135.66 W/m2, of which the heat rate of pipeline insulation was 67.67 W/m2, accounting for about 49.88%. The steam flow resistance loss accounted for 14.98%, and the local heat loss of supports, elbows and traps accounted for 35.14%. The condensation loss coefficient of the heat supply network was defined based on the relationship between actual pipe loss and condensation loss of the heat supply network. Heat loss model was constructed based on heat loss of the heat supply network combined with actual measurement data. The condensation loss coefficient of the heat supply network was 0.16.
Key words: heat loss    steam heating network    insulation pipe    enthalpy drop method    pipeline loss
收稿日期: 2020-08-29 出版日期: 2021-07-30
CLC:  TK 315  
基金资助: 浙江省科协“育才工程”资助项目（2018YCGC009）
通讯作者: 张良     E-mail: 21927035@zju.edu.cn;jackway@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 赵建法（1997—），男，硕士生，从事热网热力损失特性分析与评价研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-1186-1741. E-mail： 21927035@zju.edu.cn
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赵建法
乔龙彪
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张良
俞自涛

引用本文:

赵建法,乔龙彪,杨海亮,张良,俞自涛. 蒸汽热网热力损失与管损特性实验研究[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2021, 55(6): 1135-1141.

Jian-fa ZHAO,Long-biao QIAO,Hai-liang YANG,Liang ZHANG,Zi-tao YU. Experimental study on characteristics of thermal and pipeline loss of steam heating pipeline network. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2021, 55(6): 1135-1141.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2021.06.014    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2021/V55/I6/1135

图 1  管网测点分布
图 2  焓降法的测试简图
图 3  表面热流法的测试简图
图 4  热网沿线测点的蒸汽温度
测试段 Δt /(℃·km?1) Δtst /(℃·km?1)
测点1至2的测试段 8.59 8.88
测点2至3的测试段 6.77 7.00
测点3至4的测试段 2.35 2.43
测点4至5的测试段 1.57 1.62
测点5至6的测试段 ?0.18 ?0.18
表 1  热网沿线温降特征
测点 tn /℃ pn /MPa tsa /℃ Δto /℃
1 254.64 1.28 194.42 60.22
2 243.47 1.26 193.74 49.72
3 210.96 1.20 191.66 19.30
4 193.58 1.11 188.39 5.19
5 183.65 0.98 183.31 0.34
6 184.40 1.03 185.32 ?0.92
表 2  热网沿线温度和压力分布特征
图 5  焓降法计算的管道平均散热热流
工况 qm /(t·h?1) tn /℃ pn /MPa Δto /℃
工况1 49.62 267.17 1.34 70.76
工况2 44.33 261.46 1.32 65.70
工况3 61.06 235.29 1.18 44.34
表 3  测点1至2的测试段上3种工况下的供热蒸汽参数
图 6  测点1至2的测试段上3种工况下的测试段散热热流特征
ta /℃ v /(m·s?1) $q_{\rm{s}}^{'} $ /(W·m?2) $q_{\rm{s}}^{''} $ /(W·m?2) qs /(W·m?2)
16.39 0.08 72.14 63.20 67.67
表 4  管道保温散热损失特征
${\xi ^{'}} $ $q_{\rm{f}}^{'} $ /(W·m?2) ${\xi ^{''}} $ $q_{\rm{f}}^{''} $/(W·m?2) qf /(W·m?2)
0.015 14.55 15 5.77 20.32
表 5  测试段1、2在工况1下的蒸汽流动阻力损失
图 7  保温管道散热损失的组成特征
工况 $\Delta q_{{m} }^{'}$ /(t·h?1) $\Delta q_{{m} }^{''}$ /(t·h?1) Δqm /(t·h?1) δ /% ε
工况1 2.66 9.82 12.48 5.15 0.21
工况2 1.38 11.14 12.52 2.67 0.11
工况3 1.97 10.75 12.71 3.81 0.16
平均值 2.00 10.57 12.57 3.88 0.16
表 6  热网的管损特性
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