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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2025, Vol. 59 Issue (3): 577-587    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.03.015
机械工程     
圆柱滚子轴承的局域打滑特性及其影响因素
黎铭1(),张进华1,李文超2,王虹淇1,洪军1,方斌1,*()
1. 西安交通大学 现代设计与转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室，陕西 西安 710049
2. 洛阳轴承研究所有限公司，河南 洛阳 471003
Local skidding characteristics of cylindrical roller bearing and its influencing factors
Ming LI1(),Jinhua ZHANG1,Wenchao LI2,Hongqi WANG1,Jun HONG1,Bin FANG1,*()
1. Key Laboratory of Education Ministry for Modern Design and Rotor-Bearing System, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
2. Luoyang Bearing Research Institute Co. Ltd, Luoyang 471003, China
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摘要：

为了探明滚子随位置变化的局域打滑特性，厘清内部滚动体局域打滑机理，构建综合考虑各部件相互作用的完全动力学模型，以揭示轴承打滑现象的产生机制及作用机理，并探究径向载荷和主轴转速2种工况参数对轴承打滑特性的影响. 研究发现，轴承内部滚子打滑呈现周期性波动，打滑率的波动范围随径向载荷的增大而增大，随轴承转速的增大而减小；滚子在跨区运动过程中（由非承载区进入承载区）存在打滑率突增现象，此时，滚子与保持架兜孔发生剧烈碰撞，造成滚子的局域运动稳定性下降. 对于中低速工况下运行的圆柱滚子轴承，应优先选用滚子打滑率作为打滑评价指标；对于高速工况下运行的圆柱滚子轴承，应优先选用保持架打滑率作为评价指标.
关键词： 圆柱滚子轴承;  动力学分析;  局域打滑特性;  滚子打滑    
Abstract:

A complete dynamic model comprehensively considering the interactions among all components was constructed, to investigate the localized skidding characteristics of rollers varying with position, and to clarify the mechanism of localized skidding within the rolling elements. This model aimed to reveal the generation mechanism and action mechanism of bearing skidding, and to explore the influence of two operating parameters, namely radial load and spindle speed, on the skidding characteristics of the bearing. Results showed that the roller skidding inside the bearing presented periodic fluctuation. The influences of the two operating parameters, radial load and spindle speed, on the skidding characteristics of the bearing were explored. The fluctuation range of skidding rate increased with the increase of radial load, and decreased with the increase of bearing speed. Moreover, there was a sudden increase in the slip rate of the roller during the cross-zone movement of the roller into the bearing area. At this moment, the roller and the cage pocket had a violent collision, resulting in a decrease in the local motion stability of the roller. Cylindrical roller bearings operating at medium and low speeds should prioritize using roller skidding rate as their slip evaluation index. For cylindrical roller bearings operating at high speeds, the skidding rate of the cage should be given priority as the evaluation indicator.
Key words: cylindrical roller bearing    dynamic analysis    local skidding characteristics    roller skidding
收稿日期: 2024-01-11 出版日期: 2025-03-10
CLC:  TH 133.33  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52205281)；中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2021M62551)；国机精工开放基金资助项目(JG01KF0202202).
通讯作者: 方斌     E-mail: percygod@stu.xjtu.edu.cn;binfang@mail.xjtu.edu.cn
作者简介: 黎铭（1996—），男，博士生，从事非线性振动研究. orcid.org/0009-0000-1783-3859. E-mail：percygod@stu.xjtu.edu.cn
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引用本文:

黎铭,张进华,李文超,王虹淇,洪军,方斌. 圆柱滚子轴承的局域打滑特性及其影响因素[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2025, 59(3): 577-587.

Ming LI,Jinhua ZHANG,Wenchao LI,Hongqi WANG,Jun HONG,Bin FANG. Local skidding characteristics of cylindrical roller bearing and its influencing factors. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2025, 59(3): 577-587.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2025.03.015    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2025/V59/I3/577

图 1  圆柱滚子轴承坐标系定义
图 2  滚子与套圈相互作用示意图
图 3  滚子与保持架位置关系示意图
图 4  保持架与套圈相互作用示意图
图 5  轴承转速和打滑率随时间的变化规律
尺寸参数数值性能参数数值
滚子直径d /mm16轴承宽度B /mm26
滚子长度L /mm17保持架内径dri /mm108.5
滚子数n18保持架外径dro /mm118.5
质量m /kg80轴承节圆直径dm /mm80
轴承内径di /mm80参考转速ni / (r·min?1)5300
轴承外径do /mm140基本额定动载荷C /kN160
轴承宽度B /mm26基本额定静载荷Co /kN166
滚子直径d /mm16极限转速n /( r·min?1)5600
表 1  N216型圆柱滚子轴承主要参数
图 6  滚子打滑率随相位角的变化规律
图 7  滚子-内外圈相对滑动速度、接触载荷与相位角的关系
图 8  滚子与保持架间相互作用对打滑的影响
图 9  滚子转速分析
图 10  滚子打滑率与径向载荷的关系
图 11  保持架打滑率随径向载荷的变化规律
图 12  轴承打滑情况随径向载荷加载方向的变化
图 13  滚子打滑率与主轴转速关系
图 14  滚子与内圈间相对滑动速度与主轴转速关系
图 15  保持架打滑率随主轴转速的变化规律
图 16  滚子与外圈间接触载荷随转速的变化规律
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