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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2024, Vol. 58 Issue (3): 635-645    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.03.020
机械工程     
基于无线倾角传感器的活动翼面偏转测试
张沛奇1(),刘博锋2,崔明琦1,胡铮2,王青1,*()
1. 浙江大学 机械工程学院，浙江省先进制造技术重点实验室，浙江 杭州 310027
2. 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司，陕西 西安 710089
Measurement of movable wing surface deflection based on wireless inclination sensor
Peiqi ZHANG1(),Bofeng LIU2,Mingqi CUI1,Zheng HU2,Qing WANG1,*()
1. Key Laboratory of Advanced Manufacturing Technology of Zhejiang Province, School of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
2. Xi’an Aircraft Industrial (Group) Co. Ltd, Xi’an 710089, China
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摘要：

为了解决传统活动翼面偏转测试中传感器安装平行度要求高、线缆长、人工操作复杂繁琐等问题，提高空间角度测量准确性和现场测试效率，在分析倾角传感器底层测量原理的基础上，综合考虑飞机测试现场系统误差，参考已有的空间角度测量模型，对双测量轴空间旋转模型进行推导和改进. 得到适用于机翼活动翼面绕水平轴偏转情况下的空间角度测量误差模型，提出适用于活动翼面偏转测试需求的倾角传感器校准方法. 以该模型和校准方法为基础设计实现基于无线倾角传感器的大型飞机活动翼面偏转测试系统. 实验平台旋转角度精度测试和活动翼面现场测试的结果表明，相对于现有方法，该校准方法能够获得更大有效测量量程以满足实际工况需求，提升角度校准精度，并显著提升测试效率.
关键词： 活动翼面;  角度测量;  倾角传感器;  校准算法;  偏转测试    
Abstract:

The dual measurement axis spatial rotation model was deduced and improved, by referring to the existing spatial angle measurement models and considering the system error of the aircraft testing site, based on the analysis of the underlying measurement principle of the inclination sensor. The purpose was to resolve the problems during the movable wing surface deflection test, such as high installation parallelism requirement, long cables and complex manual operations, so as to improve the measurement accuracy and the test efficiency. A spatial angle measurement error model around the horizontal axis and a calibration method for inclination sensor were proposed, to meet the requirement for the deflection testing. A large aircraft movable wing surface deflection testing system based on wireless inclination sensors was designed and implemented, capitalizing on this model and the calibration method. Results of the rotation angle accuracy testing on the experimental platform and the on-site testing on the movable wing surface show that, compared with the existing methods, the proposed calibration method can obtain a larger effective measurement range to meet the actual working conditions, improve the angle calibration accuracy, and significantly improve the testing efficiency.
Key words: movable wing surface    angle measurement    inclination sensor    calibration algorithm    deflection test
收稿日期: 2023-03-30 出版日期: 2024-03-05
CLC:  V 262.4  
基金资助: 国家重点研发计划资助项目（2019YFB1707504）.
通讯作者: 王青     E-mail: 22125032@zju.edu.cn;wqing@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 张沛奇（1999—），男，硕士生，从事飞机装配研究. orcid.org/0009-0003-1838-6693. E-mail：22125032@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

张沛奇,刘博锋,崔明琦,胡铮,王青. 基于无线倾角传感器的活动翼面偏转测试[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2024, 58(3): 635-645.

Peiqi ZHANG,Bofeng LIU,Mingqi CUI,Zheng HU,Qing WANG. Measurement of movable wing surface deflection based on wireless inclination sensor. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2024, 58(3): 635-645.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2024.03.020    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2024/V58/I3/635

图 1  微惯性测量系统
图 2  基于电容原理的重力加速度敏感器件示意图
图 3  微加速度计测量三轴倾角
图 4  单轴倾角传感器空间测量模型
图 5  双轴传感器水平测量轴示意图
图 6  无安装误差状态下双轴测量原理示意图
图 7  双轴倾角测量模型
图 8  无误差情形下双轴倾角测量坐标求解过程示意图
图 9  存在双轴误差的倾角测量
图 10  双轴无误差模型与有误差模型之间的关系
图 11  实际的双轴测量误差示意图
图 12  改进的双轴测量误差模型示意图
图 13  基于无线倾角传感器的活动翼面测试系统整体架构图
图 14  活动翼面偏转测试物理系统及无线组网图
图 15  活动翼面偏转测试系统软件功能框架图
图 16  软件主界面图
$\beta $${Y_0}$${Y_1}$${E_0}$${E_1}$
00.390.000.390.00
3030.3430.000.340.00
6060.2059.990.20?0.01
00.390.000.390.00
?30?29.66?29.990.340.01
?60?59.77?59.960.230.04
表 2  中框角度30°时传感器测量轴校准前后角度数据
图 17  三轴独立控制的精密转台及传感器胶黏安装图
图 18  校准实验现场
$\beta $${Y_0}$${Y_1}$${E_0}$${E_1}$
00.000.000.000.00
3030.0130.01—0.01
6059.9859.98—?0.02
00.000.000.000.00
?30?29.99?29.99—0.01
?60?59.95?59.95—0.05
表 1  中框角度0°时传感器测量轴校准前后角度数据
$\beta $${Y_0}$${Y_1}$${E_0}$${E_1}$
01.130.001.130.00
2021.0719.991.07?0.01
4545.8744.990.87?0.01
6060.5759.990.57?0.01
01.120.001.120.00
?20?18.95?19.991.050.01
?45?44.20?44.960.800.04
?60?59.42?59.940.580.06
表 3  中框角度60°时传感器测量轴校准前后角度数据
图 19  活动翼面偏转测试系统实物图
时间X/(°)Y/(°)U/VS/dBm
17:02:31?1.18?1.443.7?27
17:02:31?1.21?1.443.7?27
17:02:31?1.19?1.443.7?27
17:02:31?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:31?1.20?1.453.7?27
17:02:31?1.17?1.443.7?27
17:02:31?1.22?1.443.7?27
17:02:31?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:31?1.18?1.433.7?27
17:02:31?1.21?1.443.7?27
17:02:32?1.21?1.443.7?27
17:02:32?1.18?1.453.7?27
17:02:32?1.21?1.453.7?27
17:02:32?1.16?1.433.7?27
17:02:32?1.21?1.453.7?27
17:02:32?1.19?1.433.7?27
17:02:32?1.18?1.443.7?27
17:02:32?1.20?1.453.7?27
17:02:32?1.20?1.443.7?27
17:02:32?1.19?1.443.7?27
17:02:33?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.20?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.19?1.443.7?27
17:02:33?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.20?1.443.7?27
17:02:33?1.20?1.443.7?27
17:02:33?1.19?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.20?1.453.7?27
17:02:33?1.18?1.443.7?27
表 4  活动翼面偏转测试部分结果表
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