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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2022, Vol. 56 Issue (10): 2037-2048    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.10.015
土木工程、交通工程、海洋工程     
单一粗颗粒对矿岩颗粒体系剪切特性影响试验
孙浩1,2(),唐坤林1,2,3,金爱兵1,2,*(),刘美辰1,2,陈帅军1,2,李木芽1,2
1. 北京科技大学 金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室（北京科技大学），北京 100083
2. 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083
3. 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司，北京 100038
Experimental study on influence of single coarse particle on shear properties of ore-rock particle system
Hao SUN1,2(),Kun-lin TANG1,2,3,Ai-bing JIN1,2,*(),Mei-chen LIU1,2,Shuai-jun CHEN1,2,Mu-ya LI1,2
1. Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
2. School of Civil and Resource Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
3. China ENFI Engineering Corporation, Beijing 100038, China
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摘要：

为了探究不同垂直压力以及不同粒径、形状和位置的单一粗颗粒对矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度和运移特性的影响，采用自主设计的矿岩颗粒体系非接触式剪切特性监测与分析系统开展直接剪切试验. 研究结果表明，当形状因子>0.5时，添加粗颗粒会显著增加5~10 mm矿岩颗粒体系的抗剪强度，粗细颗粒粒径比为3.07~4.23. 粗颗粒在剪出口时的矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度最大，剪入口次之，位于可视面中心位置时的抗剪强度最小. 在所研究的取值范围内，矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度随着垂直压力的增加呈线性增长规律. 当形状因子<0.5时，随着粗颗粒形状因子的增加，抗剪强度无显著变化，当形状因子≥0.5时，随着粗颗粒形状因子的增加，抗剪强度缓慢增加. 相较于粗颗粒形状，垂直压力对矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度的影响更显著. 在所研究的取值范围内，不同粗颗粒粒径、形状和垂直压力影响下的四周细颗粒运移轨迹均符合Boltzmann分布. 粗颗粒四周细颗粒的垂直位移随着粗颗粒形状因子的增加会显著增加，随着垂直压力的增加，则会降低四周细颗粒的垂直位移；粗颗粒形状因子和垂直压力的二者增加均会提高细颗粒运移轨迹方向的有序程度.
关键词： 粗颗粒;  矿岩颗粒体系;  直剪试验;  抗剪强度;  运移轨迹;  图像识别    
Abstract:

A self-designed ore-rock particle system non-contact shear characteristics monitoring and analysis system was adopted to conduct direct shear tests in order to analyze the influence of single coarse particle with different vertical pressures and different sizes, shapes and positions on the shear strength and migration characteristics of the ore-rock particle system. The research results were as follows. The addition of coarse particles significantly increased the shear strength of the 5-10 mm ore-rock particle system when the shape factor was larger than 0.5, where the coarse to fine particle size ratio ranged from 3.07 to 4.23. The shear strength of the ore-rock particle system was the largest when the coarse particle was at the shear exit, followed by the shear entrance, and the shear strength was the smallest when it was located at the center of the visible surface. The shear strength of ore-rock particle system increased linearly with the increase of vertical pressure within the range of studied values. The shear strength had no significant change with the increase of coarse particle shape factor when the shape factor was less than 0.5. The shear strength increased slowly with the increase of coarse particle shape factor when shape factor was greater than or equal to 0.5. The effects of vertical pressure on the shear strength of ore-rock particle system were more significant compared with the shape of coarse particle. The migration trajectories of fine particles around under the influence of different coarse particle size, shape and vertical pressure all correspond to Boltzmann distribution within the range of values studied. The vertical displacement of fine particles around coarse particle will significantly increase with the increase of coarse particle shape factor, and decrease with the increase of vertical pressure. The increase of coarse particle shape factor and vertical pressure will improve the order of fine particle migration trajectory.
Key words: coarse particle    ore-rock particle system    direct shear test    shear strength    migration trajectory    image recognition
收稿日期: 2021-12-24 出版日期: 2022-10-25
CLC:  TD 804  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（52004017, 52174106）；中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目（FRF-IDRY-20-021）
通讯作者: 金爱兵     E-mail: sunhao2019@ustb.edu.cn;jinaibing@ustb.edu.cn
作者简介: 孙浩（1992—），男，讲师，硕导，从事采矿工艺与理论、岩石力学的研究. orcid.org/0000-0001-9190-3237. E-mail： sunhao2019@ustb.edu.cn
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引用本文:

孙浩,唐坤林,金爱兵,刘美辰,陈帅军,李木芽. 单一粗颗粒对矿岩颗粒体系剪切特性影响试验[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2022, 56(10): 2037-2048.

Hao SUN,Kun-lin TANG,Ai-bing JIN,Mei-chen LIU,Shuai-jun CHEN,Mu-ya LI. Experimental study on influence of single coarse particle on shear properties of ore-rock particle system. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2022, 56(10): 2037-2048.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2022.10.015    或    https://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2022/V56/I10/2037

图 1  剪切装置与非接触式剪切特性监测与分析系统
图 2  矿岩颗粒与粗颗粒图
序号 研究内容 dc/df1 rv pv/kPa 粗颗粒位置
A-1 粗细颗粒粒径比对矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度的影响 1.00 0.745 100 可视面中心
A-2 2.10
A-3 3.07
A-4 4.23
A-5 5.11
A-6 6.07
A-7 7.04
B-1 保持尺寸不变，探究颗粒形状和垂直压力对矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度和粗细颗粒运移特性的影响 4.23 0.201 100 可视面中心
B-2 0.304 100
B-3 0.409 100
B-4 0.507 100
B-5 0.201 200
B-6 0.304 200
B-7 0.409 200
B-8 0.507 200
B-9 0.201 300
B-10 0.304 300
B-11 0.409 300
B-12 0.507 100
B-13 0.540 100
B-14 0.745 100
B-15 0.939 100
B-16 0.540 200
B-17 0.745 200
B-18 0.939 200
B-19 0.540 300
B-20 0.745 300
B-21 0.939 300
C-1 保持形状、压力尺寸不变，探究粗颗粒布设位置对矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度和粗细颗粒运移特性的影响 4.23 0.745 100 可视面中心左侧75 mm
C-2 可视面中心
C-3 可视面中心右侧75 mm
C-4 可视面中心上侧50 mm
C-5 可视面中心下侧50 mm
C-6 可视面中心左侧75 mm上侧50 mm
C-7 可视面中心右侧75 mm上侧50 mm
C-8 可视面中心左侧75 mm下侧50 mm
C-9 可视面中心右侧75 mm下侧50 mm
表 1  粗颗粒对矿岩颗粒体系剪切特性影响研究的试验方案
图 3  粗颗粒布设位置的示意图
图 4  不同粗颗粒粒径影响下的矿岩颗粒体系抗剪强度
图 5  不同粗颗粒形状和垂直压力影响下的抗剪强度
图 6  100 kPa垂直压力下不同粗颗粒位置影响的抗剪强度
图 7  颗粒轨迹追踪过程
图 8  不同形状因子及垂直压力对粗颗粒位移的影响
图 9  不同位置粗颗粒的运移轨迹及抗剪强度的关联图
图 10  细颗粒的运移轨迹识别与拟合曲线
图 11  不同粗颗粒形状对四周细颗粒运移轨迹的影响
图 12  不同垂直压力对粗颗粒四周细颗粒运移轨迹的影响
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