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浙江大学学报(工学版)  2020, Vol. 54 Issue (9): 1795-1804    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.016
机械与能源工程     
基于Petri网的废旧产品拆卸设备设计
苏开远1(),徐志刚1,*(),朱建峰1,刘维民2
1. 山东大学 机械工程学院,山东 济南 250061
2. 山东大学深圳研究院,广东 深圳 518057
Dismantling equipment design for scrap product based on Petri net
Kai-yuan SU1(),Zhi-gang XU1,*(),Jian-feng ZHU1,Wei-min LIU2
1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, China
2. Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
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摘要:

为了设计产品特定零部件的拆卸设备,针对废旧产品在拆卸、回收过程中的拆卸需求,提出基于Petri网构建功-构映射模型的方法. 将功-构映射进行扩展,加入需求与行为分析,构造出需求-功能映射的概念设计和功能-行为-结构映射的结构设计;对需求域、功能域和行为域进行分解,根据得到的功能表面利用TRIZ理论进行创新设计,重构出对应的结构模型;运用三角模糊数对不同创新方案进行对比评价,选出最优设计方案,实现拆卸设备从需求到功能再到结构的映射. 选取废旧自行车把手作为拆卸对象,根据扩展后的映射模型选出设计方案,设计出车把拆卸设备的结构模型.

关键词: Petri网功-构映射拆卸设备创新设计模糊评价    
Abstract:

A method for constructing the function to structure mapping was proposed based on Petri net according to the demand of dismantling equipment in the process of dismantling and recycling scrap products, in order to design the dismantling equipment of product-specific parts. The function to structure mapping was extended, and the analysis of requirement and behavior was added to construct the conceptual design of the requirement to function mapping and the structure design of the function-behavior-structure mapping. The demand domain, functional domain and behavior domain were decomposed and the function surfaces were obtained, then the TRIZ theory was used for innovative design to reconstruct the structural model. The triangular fuzzy numbers were used to compare and evaluate different innovative schemes, and to select the best design scheme. Finally, to realize the mapping of dismantling equipment from demand to function to structure. The scrap bicycle handlebar was selected as the disassembly object, to obtain the design scheme and design the structural model of handlebar dismantling equipment according to the extended mapping model.

Key words: Petri net    function to structure mapping    dismantling equipment    innovative design    fuzzy evaluation
收稿日期: 2019-08-22 出版日期: 2020-09-22
CLC:  TH 122  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目(61272017);深圳市科技创新委员会资助项目(JCYJ20160510165328965)
通讯作者: 徐志刚     E-mail: 940646398@qq.com;zhgxu@sdu.edu.cn
作者简介: 苏开远(1994—),男,硕士生,从事再制造与产品设计研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-0292-5766. E-mail: 940646398@qq.com
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引用本文:

苏开远,徐志刚,朱建峰,刘维民. 基于Petri网的废旧产品拆卸设备设计[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2020, 54(9): 1795-1804.

Kai-yuan SU,Zhi-gang XU,Jian-feng ZHU,Wei-min LIU. Dismantling equipment design for scrap product based on Petri net. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2020, 54(9): 1795-1804.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2020.09.016        http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2020/V54/I9/1795

图 1  拆卸设备的需求-功能映射
图 2  拆卸设备的功能-结构映射
图 3  拆卸设备的功能-行为映射
图 4  拆卸设备的功能-子功能映射
图 5  拆卸设备的行为-子行为映射
图 6  拆卸设备的行为-结构映射
图 7  Petri网功-构映射模型
图 8  功能-行为-结构映射原理图
图 9  Petri网功构映射扩展模型
语言变量 取值范围
含义 缩写
非常高的一致性 VH [0.833,1.000]
高度一致性 H [0.667,1.000]
中等高度一致性 MH [0.500,0.833]
中等一致性 M [0.333,0.667]
较低一致性 ML [0.167,0.500]
低一致性 L [0,0.333]
非常低的一致性 VL [0,0.167]
表 1  语言变量的含义与取值范围
图 10  语言变量的三角隶属度函数图
指标 维度 指标 维度
C1:新颖性 c2:独创性
c12:范例相关性
C3:相关性 c31:适用性
c32:有效性
C2:可行性 c21:可接受性
c22:可实现性
C4:独特性 c41:明确性
c42:完整性
c43:清晰性
表 2  不同评价指标对应的维度
语言变量 相对重要性值 语言变量 相对重要性值
同等重要 1 非常重要 7
稍微重要 3 极端重要 9
明显重要 5 上述相邻变量的中间值 2、4、6、8
表 3  不同语言变量对应的相对重要性取值
拆卸方式 拆卸时间/s 拆卸成本
人工拆卸 120 3000~6000元/月
拆卸设备 100 1~10万/套
表 4  2种拆卸方式的需求对比
图 11  前轮及其固定装置示意图
图 12  前轮功能表面示意图
图 13  车把联接关系图
图 14  车把功能表面示意图
图 15  车把拆卸设备模型
图 16  车把拆卸过程示意图
指标 方案一 方案二
独创性 L H
范例相关性 ML L
可接受性 H MH
可实现性 H M
适用性 L H
有效性 L H
明确性 L H
完整性 MH H
表 5  不同指标下的2种方案评价等级
图 17  两种方案的三角隶属度函数对比
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