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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (2): 258-267    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.02.008
机械工程     
盖封密封磨损-热-应力耦合模拟与优化设计
曹文翰1(),龚俊1,*(),王宏刚2,高贵1,2,祁渊1,杨东亚1
1. 兰州理工大学 机电工程学院，甘肃 兰州 730050
2. 中国科学院 兰州化学物理研究所 固体润滑国家重点实验室，甘肃 兰州 730000
Numerical simulation on wear-thermal-stress coupling behavior of cap-seal seal and optimization design
Wen-han CAO1(),Jun GONG1,*(),Hong-gang WANG2,Gui GAO1,2,Yuan QI1,Dong-ya YANG1
1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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摘要：

在无油润滑工况下，密封面磨损是导致密封件性能降低及寿命丧失的关键因素. 结合有限元技术，基于修正的Archard磨损模型，建立盖封（CL）密封过程中密封件和活塞杆间的磨损-热-应力耦合数值模拟方法，分析磨损过程中密封件性能与寿命的变化规律及介质压力对密封特性的影响；基于所建立的仿真模型，采用正交试验设计法，以密封件密封面上最大接触压力降幅最小及密封件寿命最长作为优化目标，对CL密封中C形密封圈关键结构参数进行优化设计，得到最优组合方案；利用斯特林发动机活塞杆密封性能试验平台对数值模拟方法进行验证，并对磨损后CL密封接触面磨损状况进行测量，检测结果与仿真模拟结果较为一致，优化后密封件密封性能及使用寿命得到了提高.
关键词： 盖封（CL）密封;  有限元法;  热;  应力;  磨损;  耦合;  结构优化    
Abstract:

The wear of the sealing surface is the key factor resulting in the declination of sealing performance and the loss of seal-life under the condition of oil free lubrication. A numerical simulation method of wear-thermal-stress coupling between seal and piston rod in the process of cap-seal (CL) sealing was established based on the finite element technique and the modified Archard wear model, and the change rule of seal performance and life in the process of wear and the effect of medium pressure on sealing characteristics were analyzed. The key structure parameters of C-ring in CL seal were optimized by applying the orthogonal design method based on the established simulation model, in order to realize the optimization target of getting minimum drop of maximum contact pressure in seal face and maximum seal-life, and the best parameter combination scheme was obtained. The results of numerical simulation and optimization design were verified by the experimental platform of Stirling engine piston rod seal performance test device, and the wear condition of contact surface of CL seal after wear was measured. The result of wear test was consistent with that of numerical simulation, and the sealing performance and life of the CL seal have been greatly improved after optimization, which confirms the accuracy of the numerical simulation method.
Key words: cap-seal (CL) seal    finite element method    thermal    stress    wear    coupling    structure optimization
收稿日期: 2018-04-03 出版日期: 2019-02-21
CLC:  TH 137  
通讯作者: 龚俊     E-mail: cwh_wd@163.com;gongjjdxy@sohu.com
作者简介: 曹文翰（1990—），男，博士生，从事斯特林发动机密封技术研究. orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-7339. E-mail: cwh_wd@163.com
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曹文翰
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引用本文:

曹文翰,龚俊,王宏刚,高贵,祁渊,杨东亚. 盖封密封磨损-热-应力耦合模拟与优化设计[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(2): 258-267.

Wen-han CAO,Jun GONG,Hong-gang WANG,Gui GAO,Yuan QI,Dong-ya YANG. Numerical simulation on wear-thermal-stress coupling behavior of cap-seal seal and optimization design. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(2): 258-267.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.02.008    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I2/258

图 1  CL密封几何模型及关键结构参数
图 2  CL密封有限元模型
图 3  3种工况下的CL密封Von Mises应力云图
图 4  3种工况下的CL密封接触应力云图
图 5  不同介质压力下C形密封圈接触应力分布图
图 6  磨损运行过程中CL密封Von Mises应力演变云图
图 7  磨损运行过程中C形密封圈接触应力分布曲线
图 8  磨损运行过程中C形密封圈节点温度变化曲线
图 9  磨损运行过程中C形密封圈磨痕曲线
图 10  磨损运行过程中不同介质压力下C形密封圈最大接触应力曲线
N A/mm β/（°） B/mm α/（°）
1 1.6 4 1.6 8
2 1.7 2 1.7 4
3 1.8 0 1.8 0
4 1.9 ?2 1.9 ?4
5 2.0 ?4 2.0 ?8
表 1  正交试验各因素水平表
图 11  C形密封圈结构参数正交试验结果
图 12  C形密封圈结构参数极差分析结果
结构参数 A/mm β/（°） B/mm α/（°）
优化前 1.8 0 1.8 0
优化后 1.6 ?4 1.9 ?8
表 2  C形密封圈优化前后各结构参数对比
图 13  优化设计后的C形密封圈结构轮廓
图 14  优化前后C形密封圈密封性能对比图
图 15  CL密封各组件实物图
图 16  活塞杆CL密封性能试验台原理图
图 17  密封腔内介质压力随时间变化曲线
图 18  优化前后C形密封圈磨痕对比
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