发酵豆渣对仙居鸡生长性能、血清指标和消化性能的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.08.091

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2023, Vol. 49

Issue (5): 719-728 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.08.091

动物科学与动物医学

发酵豆渣对仙居鸡生长性能、血清指标和消化性能的影响

姜莱¹(

),姚垒¹,袁纯纯¹,叶雯馨¹,范京辉²,钱利纯¹(

)

^1.浙江大学动物科学学院, 农业农村部华东动物营养与饲料重点实验室, 浙江杭州 310058
^2.杭州市农业科学研究院畜牧研究所, 浙江杭州 310021

Effects of fermented soybean residues on the growth performance, serum indexes, and digestive performance of Xianju chickens

Lai JIANG¹(

),Lei YAO¹,Chunchun YUAN¹,Wenxin YE¹,Jinghui FAN²,Lichun QIAN¹(

)

^1.Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in Eastern China of the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China
^2.Animal Husbandry Institute, Hangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, Zhejiang, China

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摘要：

本研究旨在利用微生物发酵技术提高豆渣的利用率，开发物美价廉的新型发酵饲料。试验拟用发酵豆渣饲喂1日龄仙居鸡，试验期为42 d。共设置5组，分别为：对照组T₁，饲喂基础饲粮；抗生素组T₂，饲喂基础饲粮+亚甲基水杨酸杆菌肽（40 mg/kg）；处理组T₃、T₄、T₅，分别饲喂以发酵豆渣等量替代2%、4%、6%豆粕的基础饲粮。结果表明：1）与对照组T₁相比，抗生素组与各发酵豆渣组仙居鸡的42日龄体质量和平均日增重均显著提高，仅T₄组的料重比显著降低（P＜0.05）。2）与对照组相比，T₄组白蛋白含量极显著提高（P＜0.01），T₂、T₅组超氧化物歧化酶活性极显著提高（P＜0.01），T₂组丙二醛含量极显著降低（P＜0.01）。3）与对照组相比，T₄组粗蛋白和粗纤维表观消化率均显著提高（P＜0.05），T₅组粗蛋白表观消化率极显著提高（P＜0.01）；T₄组十二指肠淀粉酶活性显著提高（P＜0.05），T₄、T₅组十二指肠蛋白酶活性极显著提高（P＜0.01），T₂、T₃、T₅组糜蛋白酶活性显著提高（P＜0.05）。综上所述，以发酵豆渣等量替代4%豆粕的基础饲粮的饲喂效果最佳，能够显著提升仙居鸡的生长性能、粗蛋白和粗纤维表观消化率以及体内消化酶活性，改善其血清指标，同时具有替代抗生素的潜力。

关键词： 发酵豆渣; 仙居鸡; 生长性能; 血清指标; 表观消化率; 消化性能

Abstract:

This study aims to use microbial fermentation technology to improve the utilization of soybean residues and to develop a new type of fermented feed with superior quality and competitive price. In this experiment, fermented soybean residues were used to feed 1 day-of-age Xianju chickens, lasting for 42 d. Five groups were set up, including the control group T₁, fed with the basal diets; the antibiotic group T₂, fed with the basal diets supplemented with 40 mg/kg methylene salicylic acid bacitracin; the treatment groups T₃, T₄, and T₅, fed with the basal diets in which 2%, 4%, and 6% soybean meal were replaced by fermented soybean residues, respectively. The results were shown as follows. 1) Compared with the control group T₁, the 42 day-of-age body mass and average daily gain of Xianju chickens were significantly higher in each group, and the feed to gain ratio was significantly lower in T₄ group (P＜0.05). 2) Compared with the control group, the albumin content was extremely significantly higher in T₄ group (P＜0.01), and the superoxide dismutase activity was extremely significantly higher in T₂ and T₅ groups (P＜0.01), while the malondialdehyde content was extremely significantly lower in T₂ group (P＜0.01). 3) Compared with the control group, the apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber was significantly increased in T₄ group (P＜0.05) and the apparent digestibility of crude protein was extremely significantly increased in T₅ group (P＜0.01); the duodenal amylase activity in T₄ group (P＜0.05), the duodenal protease activities in T₄ and T₅ groups (P＜0.01), and the chymotrypsin activities in T₂, T₃, and T₅ groups (P＜0.05) were significantly improved. In conclusion, replacing 4% soybean meal in the basal diets with an equal amount of fermented soybean residues has the best feeding effect, which could significantly promote the growth performance, apparent digestibility of crude protein and crude fiber, and digestive enzyme activities in vivo of Xianju chickens, improve their serum indexes, and has the potential to replace antibiotics.

Key words: fermented soybean residues Xianju chickens growth performance serum index apparent digestibility digestive performance

收稿日期: 2022-08-09 出版日期: 2023-11-03

CLC:

S831.5

基金资助: 浙江省“尖兵”“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C02043)

通讯作者: 钱利纯 E-mail: laijiang@zju.edu.cn;lcqian@zju.edu.cn

作者简介: 姜莱（https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1903-4038），E-mail：laijiang@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

姜莱,姚垒,袁纯纯,叶雯馨,范京辉,钱利纯. 发酵豆渣对仙居鸡生长性能、血清指标和消化性能的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2023, 49(5): 719-728.

Lai JIANG,Lei YAO,Chunchun YUAN,Wenxin YE,Jinghui FAN,Lichun QIAN. Effects of fermented soybean residues on the growth performance, serum indexes, and digestive performance of Xianju chickens. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2023, 49(5): 719-728.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2022.08.091 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2023/V49/I5/719

表1 豆渣发酵前后营养水平变化（风干基础） (%)

表2 各组基础饲粮组成及营养水平（风干基础）

表3 发酵豆渣对仙居鸡生长性能的影响

表4 发酵豆渣对仙居鸡营养物质表观消化率的影响 (%)

表5 发酵豆渣对仙居鸡十二指肠和胰腺消化酶活性的影响

表6 发酵豆渣对仙居鸡血清生化指标的影响

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