水稻品种间作对甲烷排放的影响

doi:10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2024.03.101

浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）

2024, Vol. 50

Issue (2): 270-279 DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2024.03.101

研究论文

水稻品种间作对甲烷排放的影响

那好为(

),刘瑛涵,赵璐峰,唐建军,胡亮亮(

),陈欣

浙江大学生命科学学院，浙江杭州 310058

Impact of intercropping of rice cultivars on methane emissions

Haowei NA(

),Yinghan LIU,Lufeng ZHAO,Jianjun TANG,Liangliang HU(

),Xin CHEN

College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China

全文: PDF(2465 KB) HTML

摘要：

作物品种多样化种植是提高农业生态系统功能的有效措施，但不同品种混合种植能否影响温室气体排放仍然缺乏研究。本研究以水稻为例，通过原位盆栽试验，研究品种间隔种植（间作）对甲烷排放的影响。以甲烷高排放品种常农粳8号、皖稻153以及甲烷低排放品种苏香粳100、Ⅱ优084为供试材料，设置8个处理，包括4个水稻品种单一种植（单作），即常农粳8号单作（记作CN）、皖稻153单作（WD）、苏香粳100单作（SX）、Ⅱ优084单作（ⅡY），以及2个甲烷高排放品种与2个甲烷低排放品种间作，即常农粳8号+Ⅱ优084间作（CN+ⅡY）、常农粳8号+苏香粳100间作（CN+SX）、皖稻153+Ⅱ优084间作（WD+ⅡY）、皖稻153+苏香粳100间作（WD+SX）。间作品种按1∶1的株数比例间隔种植。结果表明，4个间作处理均能显著增加或维持水稻产量。不同间作处理的甲烷排放通量存在显著差异，与期望值相比，CN+SX处理显著降低甲烷的排放，而CN+ⅡY、WD+ⅡY处理则显著增加甲烷排放。与甲烷高排放品种的单作处理相比，苏香粳100与2个甲烷高排放品种间作时均能显著降低生长季土壤产甲烷古菌mcrA基因平均丰度，但Ⅱ优084仅在与皖稻153间作时有显著作用。除CN+SX外，其余3个间作处理下生长季土壤甲烷氧化菌pmoA基因平均丰度均显著低于所对应的单作处理。本研究认为可以通过水稻品种间作在获得增产的同时降低甲烷排放，但品种间作组合需要仔细筛选。

关键词： 水稻品种; 间作; 甲烷排放; 产甲烷古菌; 甲烷氧化菌; 水稻产量

Abstract:

Diversified farming of crop cultivars is an effective measure for improving agroecosystem functions. However, there is still a lack of research on the effects of mixed planting of different cultivars on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In this study, rice was used as an example to explore the impact of intercropping of different cultivars on methane (CH₄) emissions through an in situ pot experiment. The cultivars Changnongjing No. 8 and Wandao No. 153, which have high CH₄ emissions, and the cultivars Suxiangjing No. 100 and Ⅱ-you No. 084, which have low CH₄ emissions, were selected as experimental materials. A total of eight treatments were set up in this study. The monocultures of four cultivars were as follows: the monoculture of Changnongjing No. 8 (referred to as CN), the monoculture of Wandao No. 153 (WD), the monoculture of Suxiangjing No. 100 (SX) and the monoculture of Ⅱ?you No. 084 (ⅡY). Additionally, intercropping systems were set up between two CH₄ high-emission cultivars and two CH₄ low-emission cultivars: intercropping of Changnongjing No. 8 and Suxiangjing No. 100 (CN+SX), intercropping of Changnongjing No. 8 and Ⅱ?you No. 084 (CN+ⅡY), intercropping of Wandao No. 153 and Suxiangjing No. 100 (WD+SX), and intercropping of Wandao No. 153 and Ⅱ?you No. 084 (WD+ⅡY). In the intercropping treatments, the two cultivars were planted at a ratio of 1∶1. The results showed that all the intercropping treatments either significantly increased or maintained rice yield, and that the CH₄ emissions varied significantly among the different intercropping treatments. Compared with the expected values, the CN+SX treatment resulted in a significant reduction in CH₄ emissions, while the CN+ⅡY and WD+ⅡY treatments significantly increased the CH₄ emissions. Compared with the monoculture of CH₄ high-emission cultivars, the intercropping of Suxiangjing No. 100 with two CH₄ high-emission cultivars significantly reduced the average abundance of the methanogenic archaeal mcrA gene during the growing season, but Ⅱ?you No. 084 had a significant effect only when intercropped with Wandao No. 153. For the intercropping treatments except CN+SX, the average abundance of the methanotrophic bacterial pmoA gene during the growing season was significantly lower than that of the corresponding monoculture. This study suggested that the intercropping of rice cultivars can enhance rice yield and also reduce CH₄ emissions, but the appropriate combinations of intercropped cultivars should be selected carefully.

Key words: rice cultivar intercropping methane (CH₄) emission methanogenic archaea methanotrophic bacterium rice yield

收稿日期: 2024-03-10 出版日期: 2024-04-30

CLC:

S181

基金资助: 浙江省公益技术应用研究资助项目(LGN22C030002);浙江省“领雁”研发攻关计划项目(2022C02058);浙江省“尖兵”研发攻关计划项目(2022C02008);国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2401801)

通讯作者: 胡亮亮 E-mail: 22107040@zju.edu.cn;zjuhull@126.com

作者简介: 那好为（https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5339-6103），E-mail：22107040@zju.edu.cn

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引用本文:

那好为,刘瑛涵,赵璐峰,唐建军,胡亮亮,陈欣. 水稻品种间作对甲烷排放的影响[J]. 浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）, 2024, 50(2): 270-279.

Haowei NA,Yinghan LIU,Lufeng ZHAO,Jianjun TANG,Liangliang HU,Xin CHEN. Impact of intercropping of rice cultivars on methane emissions. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2024, 50(2): 270-279.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2024.03.101 或 https://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2024/V50/I2/270

图1 盆栽试验设计现场图A. 盆栽试验图；B. 苏香粳100单作处理的盆栽；C. Ⅱ优084（左侧）和皖稻153（右侧）间作处理的盆栽。

图2 不同水稻品种种植方式对CH4 排放的影响A. 4个水稻品种单作处理下的CH4排放；B.间作处理CN+SX的CH4排放；C.间作处理CN+ⅡY的CH4排放；D.间作处理WD+SX的CH4排放；E.间作处理WD+ⅡY的CH4排放。图中上方数据表示生长季CH4排放总量，g/m2。图A中不同小写字母表示不同处理间在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。图B～E中，灰色虚线表示期望值，实线表示实际观测值，不同小写字母表示实际观测值与期望值在P＜0.05水平差异有统计学意义。Exp：期望值。

表1 不同水稻品种种植方式对生长季内土壤产甲烷古菌mcrA基因丰度的影响

表2 不同水稻品种种植方式对生长季内土壤甲烷氧化菌pmoA基因丰度的影响 (106 copies/g)

表3 不同水稻品种种植方式对水稻产量的影响

表4 不同水稻品种种植方式下的产量结构

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