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浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）
浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版)  2015, Vol. 41 Issue (6): 695-702    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.05.292
农业科学     
西南稻区水稻产量的时空变化
张晓梅1,2， 丁艳锋1，张巫军1，吴晓然1，李刚华1*
1.南京农业大学农业部南方作物生理生态重点开放实验室，南京 210095；2.德宏师范高等专科学校，云南 芒市 678400
Spatial and temporal variation of rice yield in rice region of Southwest China.
Zhang Xiaomei1,2, Ding Yanfeng1, Zhang Wujun1, Wu Xiaoran1, Li Ganghua1*
(1. Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology in Southern China, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; 2. Dehong Teachers College, Mangshi 678400, Yunnan, China)
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摘要： 以西南稻区三省一市水稻生产数据为基础，分析了1978—2013年该区水稻产量时空变化特征及其主要影响因素。结果表明：1978—2013年西南稻区水稻总产增加了40.0%，其中，1980s—1990s水稻总产增幅较大，1990年后在波动中趋于稳定；水稻种植面积呈“波浪式”下降，降幅达11.0%，其中，种植面积以四川为主，达45%以上，云南种植面积及占西南稻区的比值稳中有升；1980s—1990s水稻单产大幅增加是总产增加的主要驱动因子，但单产平均水平仍低于7 000 kg/hm2；气候变化不利于水稻单产提高，以四川、云南表现最为明显。稳定云南水稻种植面积，遏制四川、贵州和重庆水稻种植面积下降趋势是促进西南水稻总产增加的基本条件；通过高产抗逆品种选育、高产栽培结合防灾减灾新技术充分挖掘水稻单产潜力，提高云南和四川水稻单产水平，是西南稻区水稻总产稳定增加的主要途径。
Abstract: In order to reveal spatial and temporal variation and related influencing factors of rice yield in Southwest China, the rice production data were analyzed in four administrative regions including Yunnan, Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing during 1978—2013 years. The results showed that the rice production increased by 40.0% during 1978—2013 years in Southwest China, with the higher increase during 1980s—1990s and keeping relatively stable after 1990. Meanwhile, rice planting area was reduced by 11.0%, which indicated an adverse condition that may restrict sustainable rice production. Rice planting area in Sichuan accounted for more than 45% in Southwest China and rice planting area in Yunnan showed increasing trend since 2000, which was the basic condition that ensured large increase in rice production during 1980s—1990s. Rice yield improvement was a key factor to promote higher rice production; however, the rice yield was still lower than 7 000 kg/hm2. Climate change posed an adverse effect on higher rice yield in this stage, particularly in Sichuan and Yunnan. Taken together, basic measures should be carried out to ensure the sustainable rice production such as inhibiting planting area reduction in Sichuan, Guizhou and Chongqing, keeping steady increase in Yunnan. In addition, major ways should be taken to breed high-yielding varieties with stress resistance, to create new cultivation techniques in combination with prevention and reduction of natural disasters in rice production, particularly in Sichuan and Yunnan.
出版日期: 2015-11-20
CLC:  S 511.5  
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张晓梅
丁艳锋
张巫军
吴晓然
李刚华

引用本文:

张晓梅，丁艳锋，张巫军，吴晓然，李刚华. 西南稻区水稻产量的时空变化[J]. 浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版), 2015, 41(6): 695-702.

Zhang Xiaomei, Ding Yanfeng, Zhang Wujun, Wu Xiaoran, Li Ganghua. Spatial and temporal variation of rice yield in rice region of Southwest China.. Journal of Zhejiang University (Agriculture and Life Sciences), 2015, 41(6): 695-702.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-9209.2015.05.292    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/agr/CN/Y2015/V41/I6/695

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