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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (2): 388-398    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.02.023
电气工程     
低开关频率选择谐波消除调制的母线波动补偿
赵硕丰(),黄晓艳*(),方攸同
浙江大学 电气工程学院，浙江 杭州 310027
DC-link voltage fluctuation compensation for selected harmonics elimination under low switching frequency
Shuo-feng ZHAO(),Xiao-yan HUANG*(),You-tong FANG
College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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摘要：

提出基于选择谐波消除脉宽调制（SHEPWM）的补偿策略，用于抑制由直流母线电压波动引起的列车牵引电机电流与转矩波动. 根据每一基波周期内的调制脉冲数确定同步处理区间，使用重复预测器对下一处理区间内的直流母线电压波形进行预测. 根据预测的母线电压波形与开关时刻估计下一处理区间内的磁链误差，并相应地调整开关时刻以消除磁链误差. 在18 kW永磁体内置式永磁同步电动机（IPMSM）上分别对采用完整的补偿策略、采用近似的处理区间内平均母线电压补偿策略与不采用任何补偿策略的情况进行实验. 结果表明提出的补偿策略能显著降低由直流母线电压波动所引起的低次电流谐波和电机转矩波动，且相比近似的处理区间内平均母线电压补偿策略具有更好的电流与转矩波动抑制效果.
关键词： 列车牵引;  直流母线电压波动;  选择谐波消除脉宽调制（SHEPWM）;  重复预测器;  永磁同步电机（PMSM）    
Abstract:

A novel compensation strategy for selected harmonics elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM) was proposed to suppress the current and torque ripple of railway traction motor caused by DC-link voltage fluctuation. Synchronous processing sections were decided according to the number of pulse per fundamental cycle of the modulation. A repetitive predictor was employed to predict the DC-link voltage pattern in the next section. Flux error of the next section was then estimated and the switching instants in the section were accordingly adjusted to compensate the flux error. Experiments were run on an 18 kW traction interior-mounted permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) with the proposed compensation strategy, with the average DC-link voltage compensation and without any compensation. Results showed that the proposed strategy can significantly eliminate the low-order harmonic current components and motor torque ripple caused by the DC-link voltage fluctuation, and was more effective than average DC-link voltage compensation.
Key words: railway traction    DC-link voltage fluctuation    selected harmonics elimination pulse width modulation (SHEPWM)    repetitive predictor    permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM)
收稿日期: 2018-01-17 出版日期: 2019-02-21
CLC:  TH 133  
通讯作者: 黄晓艳     E-mail: 3090101746@zju.edu.cn;huangxiaoyan@zju.edu.cn
作者简介: 赵硕丰（1990—），男，博士生，从事永磁牵引电机驱动控制研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-0802-1979. E-mail： 3090101746@zju.edu.cn
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引用本文:

赵硕丰,黄晓艳,方攸同. 低开关频率选择谐波消除调制的母线波动补偿[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(2): 388-398.

Shuo-feng ZHAO,Xiao-yan HUANG,You-tong FANG. DC-link voltage fluctuation compensation for selected harmonics elimination under low switching frequency. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(2): 388-398.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.02.023    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I2/388

图 1  列车牵引传动系统交-直-交主拓扑
图 2  直流母线电压波动影响下电机相电流仿真波形
图 3  直流母线电压波动影响下电机电磁转矩仿真波形
图 4  牵引控制系统总体结构
图 5  不同SHEPWM模式下处理区间的划分以及典型定子磁链轨迹示意图
图 6  滑动预测窗口原理
图 7  直流母线电压实际值、前端预测值与当前时刻预测值仿真波形
图 8  定子磁链误差计算
图 9  定子磁链误差补偿
图 11  嵌入式控制系统硬件及软件结构
项目 符号/单位 数值
额定功率 Pn/kW 18
额定转速 Nn/(r·min?1) 3 000
额定转矩 Tn/(N·m) 57
效率 η/% 98
额定线电压 Vn-l/V 350
相数 M 3
极对数 P 3
定子相电阻 Rs/Ω 0.028
直轴电感 Ld/H 0.001
交轴电感 Lq/H 0.002 5
表 1  实验电机参数
图 10  控制器设置及实验平台
图 13  加入所提出补偿时不同SHEPWM模式下的直流母线电压、电机线电压与电机相电流实验结果
图 12  未加入补偿时不同SHEPWM模式下的直流母线电压、电机线电压与电机相电流实验结果
图 14  使用直接平均法补偿时不同SHEPWM模式下的直流母线电压、电机线电压与电机相电流实验结果
图 15  振动测量仪
补偿使用情况 SHEPWM模式 vv/（mm?s?1） av/（mm?s?2）
无补偿 7APQ 13.7 29.2
无补偿 5APQ 13.9 27.5
无补偿 3APQ 13.2 25.8
无补偿 1APQ 16.9 51.5
直接平均法 7APQ 11.1 19.5
直接平均法 5APQ 11.3 19.9
直接平均法 3APQ 12.7 21.7
直接平均法 1APQ 15.1 32.9
本研究提出的方法 7APQ 5.9 10.7
本研究提出的方法 5APQ 8.7 15.7
本研究提出的方法 3APQ 7.4 14.6
本研究提出的方法 1APQ 7.6 13.2
表 2  无补偿、采用直接平均补偿与采用所提出补偿策略时的振动测量值
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