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浙江大学学报(工学版)
浙江大学学报(工学版)  2019, Vol. 53 Issue (11): 2197-2205    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.11.018
土木工程、市政工程     
典型饮水系统中人工甜味剂三氯蔗糖的调查
朱世翠1(),陆思嘉1,宋亚丽2,朱丽丹1,张赟3,马晓雁1,*()
1. 浙江工业大学 建筑工程学院，浙江 杭州 310023
2. 浙江科技学院 建筑工程学院，浙江 杭州 310023
3. 杭州水业集团有限公司 水质监测站，浙江 杭州 310014
Investigation of artificial sweetener sucralose in typical drinking water systems
Shi-cui ZHU1(),Si-jia LU1,Ya-li SONG2,Li-dan ZHU1,Yun ZHANG3,Xiao-yan MA1,*()
1. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
2. School of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
3. Water Quality Monitoring Station, Hangzhou Water Group Co. Ltd, Hangzhou 310014, China
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摘要：

采用固相萃取-气相色谱/质谱法（SPE-GC/MS）实现水环境中微量三氯蔗糖的准确检测，以浙江省2座城市为主要调查对象，获取自生活污水厂、水源、饮用水处理工艺至终端供水管网用水全循环过程中三氯蔗糖的污染信息；考察饮用水常规及深度处理工艺单元中三氯蔗糖的存在水平及变化规律，评价工艺对三氯蔗糖的控制能力. 结果表明，三氯蔗糖在制水及供水系统中的检出率为100%，在水源水、经常规处理后的出水、经臭氧-活性炭深度处理后的水中的质量浓度分别为69.2~2 070.1、538.1~856.9、177.7~357.9 ng/L，深度处理工艺控制三氯蔗糖的效果较常规工艺略好，但仍无法实现彻底去除. 生活污水中三氯蔗糖的初始质量浓度较水源水中高，为1 033.4~2 626.3 ng/L，生物处理效果不佳，出水中的质量浓度为917.6~2 031.2 ng/L，大部分通过排放进入接纳水体. 在持续排放导致入流质量浓度增长指数高于环境降解速率的条件下，三氯蔗糖在水体中可能产生浓度累积效应.
关键词： 新型污染物;  人工甜味剂;  三氯蔗糖;  饮用水系统;  污染分布    
Abstract:

Solid phase extraction-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (SPE-GC/MS) was employed for accurate detection of micro sucralose in aqueous system. The pollution information of sucralose in a water cycle, including sanitary sewage, water source, potable water treatment process and terminal water supply network, was obtained, with two cities in Zhejiang Province as the main investigation object. The variation of sucralose in the conventional and the advanced water treatment units was investigated and the control ability of treatment process was evaluated. Results showed that the detection rate of sucralose was 100% in water production and water supply systems. The mass concentration values of sucralose in the source water, water after conventional treatment process and water after ozone-activated carbon advanced treatment process were 69.2~2 070.1, 538.1~856.9, 177.7~357.9 ng/L, respectively. Advance treatment process was more effective for sucralose removal than conventional treatment, but was still unable to achieve complete removal. The initial mass concentration of sucralose in the sewage water was 1 033.4~2 626.3 ng/L, much higher than that in the source water. The biological process can not deal with sucralose effectively, and sucralose mass concentration in the emission water remained 917.6~2 031.2 ng/L, with most sucralose discharged into the receiving water body. Under the continuous discharge condition, if the increase rate of inflow mass concentration is higher than the environmental degradation rate, sucralose accumulation in the waterbody may occur.
Key words: emerging contaminant    artificial sweetener    sucralose    drinking water system    pollution distribution
收稿日期: 2018-09-16 出版日期: 2019-11-21
CLC:  TU 991  
基金资助: 国家自然科学基金资助项目（51678527，51208468，51878582）；浙江省自然科学基金资助项目（LY19E080019）
通讯作者: 马晓雁     E-mail: 18989489305@163.com;mayaner620@163.com
作者简介: 朱世翠（1993—），女，硕士生，从事饮用水污染研究. orcid.org/0000-0002-8886-4000. E-mail： 18989489305@163.com
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引用本文:

朱世翠,陆思嘉,宋亚丽,朱丽丹,张赟,马晓雁. 典型饮水系统中人工甜味剂三氯蔗糖的调查[J]. 浙江大学学报(工学版), 2019, 53(11): 2197-2205.

Shi-cui ZHU,Si-jia LU,Ya-li SONG,Li-dan ZHU,Yun ZHANG,Xiao-yan MA. Investigation of artificial sweetener sucralose in typical drinking water systems. Journal of ZheJiang University (Engineering Science), 2019, 53(11): 2197-2205.

链接本文:

http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1008-973X.2019.11.018    或    http://www.zjujournals.com/eng/CN/Y2019/V53/I11/2197

图 1  各水厂工艺流程及管网水采样点分布图
图 2  三氯蔗糖的气质联用图色谱及质谱图
ρj/（μg?L?1） ρ0/（μg?L?1） Rec/% RSD/%
超纯水 0.1 0 97.6 3.5
2.0 0 100.4 3.7
5.0 0 101.5 4.7
管网水 0.1 0.17 94.8 4.6
2.0 0.17 88.1 3.2
5.0 0.17 107.7 2.3
原水 0.1 0.32 94.8 2.5
2.0 0.32 95.0 0.6
5.0 0.32 90.5 3.6
表 1  SPE-GC/MS法测定的三氯蔗糖的加标回收
采样时间 Q江-1 Q江-2 Q江-3 T溪 XT溪 L水库 T湖
2017.12 904.4 921.6 657.3 729.1 770.3 133.8 1 062.4
2018.01 1 030.8 738.9 559.1 348.0 678.9 69.2 2 070.1
2018.05 958.7 1 089.9 437.4 420.5 722.2 102.2 786.3
表 2  三氯蔗糖在水源水环境的分布情况
图 3  污水厂g中三氯蔗糖的分布及去除率效果
图 4  水厂e中三氯蔗糖质量浓度及各工艺段去除效果
图 5  水厂f中三氯蔗糖质量浓度及各工艺段去除效果
采样时间 水厂a 水厂b 水厂c 水厂d
ρi/（ng?L?1） ρt/（ng?L?1） R/% ρi/（ng?L?1） ρt/（ng?L?1） R/% ρi/（ng?L?1） ρt/（ng?L?1） R/% ρi/（ng?L?1） ρt/（ng?L?1） R/%
2017.12 904.4 729.2 19.4 921.6 323.2 64.9 657.3 340.8 48.1 729.1 301.4 58.7
2018.01 1 030.8 856.9 16.9 738.9 288.6 60.9 559.1 282.7 49.4 348.0 163.9 52.9
2018.05 958.7 820.1 14.5 1 089.9 329.7 69.7 437.4 255.3 41.6 420.5 178.8 57.5
工艺情况 常规工艺 深度处理工艺 深度处理工艺 深度处理工艺
表 3  三氯蔗糖在各水厂的质量浓度分布情况
采样点 ρB/（ng?L?1） 采样点 ρB/（ng?L?1）
GW1 270.1 GW6 349.6
GW2 252.2 GW7 177.7
GW3 233.9 GW8 340.1
GW4 229.5 GW9 334.2
GW5 357.9 — —
表 4  三氯蔗糖在供水管网中的分布情况
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