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工程设计学报  2025, Vol. 32 Issue (5): 646-654    DOI: 10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.05.177
机器人与机构设计     
驱动副共面平行的3-P(2-SS)型并联机器人运动特性及动力学分析
李瑾()
山西工程技术学院 机械工程系,山西 阳泉 045000
Kinematic characteristics and dynamics analysis of 3-P(2-SS) robot with coplanar parallel driving pairs
Jin LI()
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Shanxi Institute of Technology, Yangquan 045000
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摘要:

由3个平行且共面的移动副驱动的3-P(2-SS)型并联机器人相对传统构型更适合在狭长区域作业。针对该机器人,构建了其运动学方程和雅可比矩阵,并分析了其运动学方程的多解性。利用其运动学方程和螺旋理论,证实了在正常工况下机器人动平台始终只有3个平移自由度,并简化了机器人的运动学方程和雅可比矩阵。利用雅可比矩阵条件数分析了机器人的灵巧性,当2侧的滑块位于动平台同侧时,机器人的灵巧性较好;机器人在奇异点和运动范围边界附近时灵巧性较差。基于拉格朗日方程构建了机器人动力学模型,利用最小角速度假设解决了连杆的局部自由度带来的动力学不确定问题,通过动坐标系变换解决了连杆惯性张量相对静坐标系的不恒定问题,得到了机器人动力学方程。通过动力学计算结果与运动仿真结果的对比,证实了动力学方程的正确性,最小角速度假设导致的驱动力计算结果误差在可控范围内。研究结果表明,驱动副共面平行的3-P(2-SS)并联机器人具有良好的操作性,提出的动力学建模方法为该型机器人力控制系统的构建提供了理论基础。

关键词: 3-P(2-SS)并联机器人自由度灵巧性动力学    
Abstract:

The 3-P(2-SS) parallel robot driven by three parallel and coplanar prismatic pairs is more suitable for operation in narrow and long areas compared to the traditional configurations. For this robot, its kinematic equations and Jacobian matrix were established, and the multi-solution nature of the kinematic equations was analyzed. By using the kinematic equations and the screw theory, it was confirmed that under normal working conditions, the robot's moving platform always had only three translational degrees of freedom, thereby simplifying the robot's kinematic equations and Jacobian matrix. The dexterity of the robot was analyzed using the condition number of the Jacobian matrix. The robot exhibited better dexterity when the sliders on both sides were located on the same side of the moving platform; the robot's dexterity deteriorated when it was near the singular points and the boundaries of the motion range. A robot dynamic model was established based on the Lagrange equation. The issue of dynamic uncertainty caused by the local degrees of freedom of the link was resolved using the minimum angular velocity assumption, the problem of the non-constant inertia tensor of the ink relative to the static coordinate system was addressed through transformation of the moving coordinate system, and the robot dynamic equation was obtained. By comparing the results of the dynamics calculation and motion simulation, the correctness of the dynamic equation was confirmed, with the error in the driving force calculation results caused by the minimum angular velocity assumption being within an acceptable range. The research results indicate that the 3-P(2-SS) parallel robot with coplanar parallel driving pairs has excellent operability, and the proposed dynamics modeling method provides a theoretical foundation for the construction of control systems for this type of robot.

Key words: 3-P(2-SS)    parallel robot    degree of freedom    dexterity    dynamics
收稿日期: 2025-03-20 出版日期: 2025-10-31
CLC:  TP 242  
基金资助: 山西省阳泉市基础研究项目(2022JH054)
作者简介: 李 瑾(1989—),男,讲师,硕士,从事机器人技术研究,E-mail:342040973@163.com, https://orcid.org/0009- 0007-7221-7435
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引用本文:

李瑾. 驱动副共面平行的3-P(2-SS)型并联机器人运动特性及动力学分析[J]. 工程设计学报, 2025, 32(5): 646-654.

Jin LI. Kinematic characteristics and dynamics analysis of 3-P(2-SS) robot with coplanar parallel driving pairs[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2025, 32(5): 646-654.

链接本文:

https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/10.3785/j.issn.1006-754X.2025.05.177        https://www.zjujournals.com/gcsjxb/CN/Y2025/V32/I5/646

图1  驱动副共面平行3-P(2-SS)机器人运动机构简图
参数含义
L1连杆A1A2A3A4的长度
L2连杆B1B2B3B4的长度
L3连杆C1C2C3C4的长度
MB5ODA5OD的长度
NC5OD的长度
E相邻移动副滑轨的间距
α

A1A3B1B3X0轴之间的夹角

A2A4B2B4XD轴之间的夹角

T

A0A1A0A3A5A2A5A4

B0B1B0B3B5B2B5B4

C0C1C0C3C5C2C5C4的长度

表1  驱动副共面平行3-P(2-SS)机器人结构参数
图2  动平台不同安装姿态
图3  取不同运动学逆解时雅可比矩阵条件数
参数含义
g重力加速度
mD动平台质量
mS1滑块A质量
mS2滑块B质量
mS3滑块C质量
ml1连杆A1A2A3A4的质量
ml2连杆B1B2B3B4的质量
ml3连杆C1C2C3C4的质量
vl1连杆A1A2A3A4沿O0各轴向的平动速度
vl2连杆B1B2B3B4沿O0各轴向的平动速度
vl3连杆C1C2C3C4沿O0各轴向的平动速度
Al1连杆A1A2A3A4相对OA的惯性张量
Bl2连杆B1B2B3B4相对OB的惯性张量
Cl3连杆C1C2C3C4相对OC的惯性张量
Al1连杆A1A2A3A4相对OA的转动角速度
Bl2连杆B1B2B3B4相对OB的转动角速度
Cl3连杆C1C2C3C4相对OC的转动角速度
表2  驱动副共面平行3-P(2-SS)机器人动力学参数
图4  连杆A1A2的动坐标系{OA}
图5  驱动副共面平行3-P(2-SS)机器人移动副驱动力动力学计算结果与仿真结果的对比
  
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